Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Evaluation of Sputum Eosinophil Level and Presence of Charcot-Leyden Crystals in Patients with Airway Hyperreactivity

Year 2025, Volume: 20 Issue: 3, 194 - 198
https://doi.org/10.17517/ksutfd.1578552

Abstract

Aim: The focus of this research is to clarify whether eosinophilia is an independent factor in causing bronchial hyperreactivity or if its presence in sputum plays a supplementary role in this condition; especially in asthma.
Material and Methods: Data was obtained from a sample of 100 individuals in the respiratory care unit, concentrating on cases characterized by bronchial hyperreactivity. We made three groups with 30 asthmatics, 34 non-asthmatic respiratory disease group and 36 control group patients. We decided to get the patients’ sputum when they were internalized first. Eosinophilia can therefore occur in addition to pre-existing illnesses.
Results: To explain; we defined the ratio of eosinophilia in three groups and also searched the presence of Charcoat-Leyden crystals out of smear examination. The results of the study demonstrate eosinophilia ratio among asthmatics was more prominent (16.6%) replicating past findings. Results from the non-asthmatic patient group confirm that percentage of patients with eosinophilia was lesser than asthmatics (13.3%). Consistent with hypotheses, control group had the least percentage (8.8%).
Conclusion: The study examined the relation between eosinophilia and presence of Charcoat Leyden crystals. Despite our efforts, we were unable to observe any signs of coexistence, as no crystal structures were detected in any of the smears examined.

References

  • Kim M., et al. Reference ranges for induced sputum eosinophil counts in Korean adult population. Asia Pacific Allergy 2014;4(3): 149- 155.
  • Kim, Mi-Yeong, Jo, Eun-Jung; Lee, Seung-Eun; Lee, Suh-Young, Song, Woo-Jung, Kim, Tae-Wan et al. Reference ranges for induced sputum eosinophil counts in Korean adult population. Asia Pacific Allergy 4(3):p 149-155, July 2014. | DOI: 10.5415/apallergy.2014.4.3.149.
  • Yeon Joo Jeong, MD. Eosinophilic lung diseases: A clinical, radiologic, and pathologic review. RadioGraphics 2007; 27:617– 639.
  • Hargreave FE, et al. Induced sputum and response to glucocorticoids. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 1998; 102(5): S102-S105.
  • Gurcay N., et al. The role and importance of transbronchial biopsy in the diagnosis of eosinophilic lung diseases. J Curr Pathol. 2019;3:154-156. doi: 10.5146/jcpath.2019.61.
  • Su J. A Brief History of Charcot-Leyden Crystal Protein/Galectin-10 Research. Molecules. 2018;23(11):2931. doi: 10.3390/molecules23112931. PMID: 30424011; PMCID: PMC6278384.
  • Thomsen GN, et al. The multidisciplinary approach to eosinophilia. Front. Oncol., 18 May 2023, Sec.Hematologic Malignancies, Volume 13-2023.
  • Yi F, Fang Z, Liang H, Huang L, Jiang M, Feng Z, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of blood eosinophils in comparison to other common biomarkers for identifying sputum eosinophilia in patients with chronic cough. World Allergy Organ J. 2023 Sep 28;16(9):100819. doi: 10.1016/j.waojou.2023.100819. PMID: 37811398; PMCID: PMC10558844.
  • Barcellos VA.,et al. Asthma control and sputum eosinophils in adult patients: a cross-sectional study in southern Brazil. Scientifc Reports 2023:13;21464.
  • Yılmaz SF, Erdal S, Bakıcı Z, et al. Investigation of the normal values of some haematological parameters of the adults living in the central region of Sivas. Erciyes Med J. 2003;25:1‒10.
  • Hussain M, Liu G. Eosinophilic Asthma: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Horizons. Cells. 2024 Feb 23;13(5):384. doi: 10.3390/cells13050384. PMID: 38474348; PMCID: PMC10931088
  • Fang Yi, Zhangfu Fang, Hanwen Liang, Lianrong Huang, Mei Jiang, Zien Feng, et al. "Diagnostic accuracy of blood eosinophils in comparison to other common biomarkers for identifying sputum eosinophilia in patients with chronic cough", World Allergy Organization Journal, 2023.
  • Soter S., et al. Predicting Sputum Eosinophilia in Exacerbations of COPD Using Exhaled Nitric Oxide. Inflammation 2013;36(5).

Havayolu Hiperreaktivitesi Olan Hastalarda Balgamda Eozinofil Düzeyi ve Charcot- Leyden Kristal Varlığının Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 20 Issue: 3, 194 - 198
https://doi.org/10.17517/ksutfd.1578552

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, eozinofilinin bronş hiperreaktivitesine neden olan bağımsız bir faktör olup olmadığını veya balgamdaki varlığının bu durumda tamamlayıcı bir rol oynayıp oynamadığını özellikle astım vakalarında araştırmaktır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Veriler, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Göğüs Hastalıkları servisine yatan 100 kişiden oluşan bir örneklemden elde edildi ve bronş hiperreaktivitesi ile karakterize edilen vakalara odaklanıldı. 30 astımlı, 34 astım dışı solunum hastalığı grubu ve 36 kontrol grubu hastasından oluşan üç grup oluşturuldu. Hastaların ilk servise yatırıldığı anda balgam örnekleri toplandı. Bu nedenle önceden var olan hastalıkların bulgusu olarak da eozinofili ortaya çıkabileceği gözönünde bulunduruldu.
Bulgular: Açıklamak gerekirse; eozinofili oranını üç grupta tanımlandı ve ayrıca smear incelemesinde Charcoat- Leyden kristallerinin varlığını araştırıldı. Çalışmanın sonuçları, astımlılarda eozinofili oranının daha belirgin (%16,6) olduğunu ve geçmiş sonuçları tekrarladığını göstermekteydi. Astımlı olmayan hasta grubundan elde edilen sonuçlar, eozinofili hasta yüzdesinin astımlılardan daha az olduğunu doğrulamaktaydı (%13,3). Hipotezlerle tutarlı olarak kontrol grubu en az yüzdeye (%8,8) sahipti.

Sonuç: Çalışmada eozinofili ile Charcoat Leyden kristallerinin varlığı arasındaki ilişki incelendi. Tüm çabalarımıza rağmen incelenen smearlerin hiçbirinde kristal yapı tespit edilmediğinden herhangi bir korrelasyon görülemedi.

References

  • Kim M., et al. Reference ranges for induced sputum eosinophil counts in Korean adult population. Asia Pacific Allergy 2014;4(3): 149- 155.
  • Kim, Mi-Yeong, Jo, Eun-Jung; Lee, Seung-Eun; Lee, Suh-Young, Song, Woo-Jung, Kim, Tae-Wan et al. Reference ranges for induced sputum eosinophil counts in Korean adult population. Asia Pacific Allergy 4(3):p 149-155, July 2014. | DOI: 10.5415/apallergy.2014.4.3.149.
  • Yeon Joo Jeong, MD. Eosinophilic lung diseases: A clinical, radiologic, and pathologic review. RadioGraphics 2007; 27:617– 639.
  • Hargreave FE, et al. Induced sputum and response to glucocorticoids. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 1998; 102(5): S102-S105.
  • Gurcay N., et al. The role and importance of transbronchial biopsy in the diagnosis of eosinophilic lung diseases. J Curr Pathol. 2019;3:154-156. doi: 10.5146/jcpath.2019.61.
  • Su J. A Brief History of Charcot-Leyden Crystal Protein/Galectin-10 Research. Molecules. 2018;23(11):2931. doi: 10.3390/molecules23112931. PMID: 30424011; PMCID: PMC6278384.
  • Thomsen GN, et al. The multidisciplinary approach to eosinophilia. Front. Oncol., 18 May 2023, Sec.Hematologic Malignancies, Volume 13-2023.
  • Yi F, Fang Z, Liang H, Huang L, Jiang M, Feng Z, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of blood eosinophils in comparison to other common biomarkers for identifying sputum eosinophilia in patients with chronic cough. World Allergy Organ J. 2023 Sep 28;16(9):100819. doi: 10.1016/j.waojou.2023.100819. PMID: 37811398; PMCID: PMC10558844.
  • Barcellos VA.,et al. Asthma control and sputum eosinophils in adult patients: a cross-sectional study in southern Brazil. Scientifc Reports 2023:13;21464.
  • Yılmaz SF, Erdal S, Bakıcı Z, et al. Investigation of the normal values of some haematological parameters of the adults living in the central region of Sivas. Erciyes Med J. 2003;25:1‒10.
  • Hussain M, Liu G. Eosinophilic Asthma: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Horizons. Cells. 2024 Feb 23;13(5):384. doi: 10.3390/cells13050384. PMID: 38474348; PMCID: PMC10931088
  • Fang Yi, Zhangfu Fang, Hanwen Liang, Lianrong Huang, Mei Jiang, Zien Feng, et al. "Diagnostic accuracy of blood eosinophils in comparison to other common biomarkers for identifying sputum eosinophilia in patients with chronic cough", World Allergy Organization Journal, 2023.
  • Soter S., et al. Predicting Sputum Eosinophilia in Exacerbations of COPD Using Exhaled Nitric Oxide. Inflammation 2013;36(5).
There are 13 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration, Health Services and Systems (Other)
Journal Section Araştırma Makaleleri
Authors

Sümeyra Alkış Koçtürk 0000-0001-9316-794X

Hatice Şahin 0000-0002-3317-3640

Early Pub Date November 22, 2025
Publication Date November 26, 2025
Submission Date November 5, 2024
Acceptance Date June 10, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 20 Issue: 3

Cite

AMA Alkış Koçtürk S, Şahin H. Evaluation of Sputum Eosinophil Level and Presence of Charcot-Leyden Crystals in Patients with Airway Hyperreactivity. KSU Medical Journal. November 2025;20(3):194-198. doi:10.17517/ksutfd.1578552