Morbid Obez ve Obez Hastalarda DMFT İndeksi ve Tükürük Değerlerinin İncelenmesi

Year 2023, , 91 - 98, 15.03.2023

Gizem Ayan , Burak Dayı , Şelale Şahin , Bahri Evren

https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1206790

Abstract

Amaç: Obezite gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkeleri etkileyen küresel ve kronik bir hastalıktır. Bu çalışmanın hedefi morbid obezite ve obezitenin çürük, kayıp ve dolgulu dişler (DMFT) indeksi ve tükürük değerleri üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 18-68 yaş arası 50 morbid obez, 50 obez ve 50 normal kilolu hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların DMFT indeksi klinik muayene ile belirlendi. Tükürük değerleri ise [uyarılmamış tükürük akış hızı(USFR), uyarılmış tükürük akış hızı(SSFR), tükürük viskozitesi(SV), tükürük pH'ı(SpH) ve tükürük tamponlama kapasitesi(SBC)] tükürük kiti yardımıyla belirlendi. Hastalar ağız bakım alışkanlıkları, beslenme alışkanlıkları ve sosyoekonomik durumlarını belirlemek amacıyla ankete tabi tutuldu.
Bulgular: Gruplar arasında çürük diş sayısı, dolgulu diş sayısı, USFR ve SV açısından anlamlı fark görülmedi (p>0.05). DMFT indeksi, kayıp diş sayısı, SSFR, SpH ve SBC açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı fark bulundu (p<0.05). Çoklu lineer regresyon modeline göre diş hekimine gitme sıklığı (Beta=0,365), yaş (Beta=0,322) ve uyarılmış tükürük akış hızı (Beta=-0,256) DMFT ile ilişkili anlamlı değişkenlerdi.
Sonuç: Obez hastalar düşük tükürük akışı, düşük tükürük pH'ı, düşük tamponlama kapasitesi, yüksek DMFT indeksi ve yüksek kayıp diş sayısına sahiptir.

Keywords

Diş çürüğü, obezite, tükürük, DMFT

Project Number

TDH-2019-1893.

Investigation of DMFT index and saliva values in morbidly obese and obese patients

Abstract

Objective: Obesity is a global, chronic disease that affects both developed and developing countries. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of morbid obesity and obesity affect the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index and saliva values.
Methods: The study included 50 morbidly obese, 50 obese, and 50 control group patients ranging in age from 18 to 68. The DMFT index of the patients was determined by clinical examination. The saliva kit was used to determine saliva values [unstimulated saliva flow rate (USFR), stimulated saliva flow rate (SSFR), saliva viscosity (SV), saliva pH (SpH), and saliva buffering capacity (SBC)]. The patients were surveyed to learn about their oral health habits, nutritional habits, and socioeconomic status.
Results: There was no significant difference in the number of decayed teeth, filled teeth, USFR, or SV between the groups (p>0.05). The DMFT index, number of missing teeth, SSFR, SpH, and SBC all showed significant differences between the groups (p<0.05). Significant variables associated with DMFT, according to the multiple linear regression model, are frequency of dental visits (Beta=0.365), age (Beta=0.322), and stimulated saliva flow rate (Beta=-0.256).
Conclusions: Obese patients have low saliva rate, low saliva pH, low buffering capacity, high DMFT index and high number of missing teeth.

Keywords

DMFT, obesity, salivary, tooth decay

Supporting Institution

Research Fund of the Inonu University

Project Number

TDH-2019-1893.

Thanks

The authors very thank Prof. Dr. İbrahim Şahin Inonu University for performing statistical analysis.

References

• Hill JO, Wyatt HR, Peters JCJC. Energy balance and obesity. Am Heart Assoc. 2012;126(1):126-32.
• 2. Hossain P, Kawar B, El Nahas M. Obesity and diabetes in the developing world—a growing challenge. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:213-5.
• 3. NCD Risk Factor Collaboration. Trends in obesity and diabetes across Africa from 1980 to 2014: an analysis of pooled population-based studies. Int J Epidemiol. 2017;46(5):1421-32.
• 4. Sturm R. Increases in clinically severe obesity in the United States, 1986-2000. Arch Intern Med. 2003;163(18):2146-8.
• 5. Raj M, Kumar RK. Obesity in children & adolescents. Indian J Med Res. 2010;132(5):598-607.
• 6. Wright SM, Aronne LJ. Causes of obesity. Abdom Imaging. 2012;37:730-2.
• 7. Han TS, Lean MEJ. A clinical perspective of obesity, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. JRSM Cardiovasc Dis. 2016;5:2048004016633371.
• 8. Ueda H, Yagi T, Amitani H, Asakawa A, Ikeda S, Miyawaki S, et al. The roles of salivary secretion, brain–gut peptides, and oral hygiene in obesity. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2013;7(5):e321-9.
• 9. Li L-W, Wong HM, McGrath CP. Longitudinal association between obesity and dental caries in adolescents. J Pediatr. 2017;189:149-54.
• 10. Vallim AC, Gaio EJ, Oppermann RV, Rösing CK, Albandar JM, Susin C, et al. Obesity as a risk factor for tooth loss over 5 years: A population‐based cohort study. J Clin Periodontol. 2021;48(1):15-24.
• 11. Mathus‐Vliegen EMH, Nikkel D, Brand HS. Oral aspects of obesity. Int Dent J. 2007;57(4):249-56.
• 12. Anaise JZ. Measurement of dental caries experience‐modification of the DMFT index. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1984;12(1):43-6.
• 13. Bloemendal E, de Vet HCW, Bouter LM. The value of bitewing radiographs in epidemiological caries research: a systematic review of the literature. J Dent. 2004;32(4):255-64.
• 14. Campus G, Cocco F, Ottolenghi L, Cagetti MG. Comparison of ICDAS, CAST, Nyvad’s criteria, and WHO-DMFT for caries detection in a sample of italian schoolchildren. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(21):4120.
• 15. Garrouste-Orgeas M, Troché G, Azoulay E, Caubel A, de Lassence A, Cheval C, et al. Body mass index. Intensive Care Med. 2004;30:437-43.
• 16. Hegde P, Kumar BA, Ankola V. Dental caries experience and salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli in 13-15 years old children of Belgaum city, Karnataka. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2005;23(1):23-6.
• 17. Pischon N, Heng N, Bernimoulin J-P, Kleber B-M, Willich SN, Pischon T. Obesity, inflammation, and periodontal disease. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. 2007;86(5):400-9.
• 18. Ang YN, Wee BS, Poh BK, Ismail MN. Multifactorial influences of childhood obesity. Curr Obes Rep. 2013;2:10-22.
• 19. Racette SB, Deusinger SS, Deusinger RH. Obesity: overview of prevalence, etiology, and treatment. Phys Ther. 2003;83(3):276-88.
• 20. Levine R. Obesity and oral disease–a challenge for dentistry. Br Dent J. 2012;213:453-6. 21. Jagannathachary S, Kamaraj D. Obesity and periodontal disease. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2010;14(2):96-100.
• 22. Pataro AL, Costa FO, Cortelli SC, Cortelli JR, Abreu MHNG, Costa JE. Association between severity of body mass index and periodontal condition in women. Clin Oral Investig. 2012;16:727-34.
• 23. Barron RP, Carmichael RP, Marcon MA, Sandor G. Dental erosion in gastroesophageal reflux disease. J Can Dent Assoc. 2003;69(2):84-9.
• 24. Biccas BN, Lemme EMO, Abrahão Jr LJ, Aguero GC, Alvariz Â, Schechter RB. Higher prevalence of obesity in erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease. Arq Gastroenterol. 2009;46(1):15-9.
• 25. Modéer T, Blomberg CC, Wondimu B, Julihn A, Marcus C. Association between obesity, flow rate of whole saliva, and dental caries in adolescents. Obes. 2010;18(12):2367-73.
• 26. Isaksson H. On dental caries and dental erosion in Swedish young adults [doctoral thesis]. [Gothenburg (Sweden) ]: University of Gothenburg; 2013.
• 27. Östberg A-L, Bengtsson C, Lissner L, Hakeberg M. Oral health and obesity indicators. BMC Oral Health. 2012;12:50.
• 28. Bailleul‐Forestier I, Lopes K, Souames M, Azoguy‐Levy S, Frelut ML, Boy‐Lefevre ML. Caries experience in a severely obese adolescent population. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2007;17(5):358-63.
• 29. Simsek E. Evaluation of the stimulated salivary flow rate and DMF index in obese women. [doctoral thesis]. [Ankara (Turkey) ]: University of Hacettepe; 2015.
• 30. Yetkiner AA, Uzel I, Kuter B, Kaya F, Ertuğrul F, Ersin N. Association between body mass index and dental caries among children. J Pediatr Res. 2014;1(3):142-6.
• 31. Flink H, Bergdahl M, Tegelberg Å, Rosenblad A, Lagerlöf F. Prevalence of hyposalivation in relation to general health, body mass index and remaining teeth in different age groups of adults. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2008;36(6):523-31.
• 32. Fenoli-Palomares C, Muñoz-Montagud J, Sanchiz V, Herreros B, Hernández V, Mínguez M, et al. Unstimulated salivary flow rate, pH and buffer capacity of saliva in healthy volunteers. Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2004;96(11):773-83.
• 33. Astrup A, Finer N. Redefining type 2 diabetes:‘diabesity’or ‘obesity dependent diabetes mellitus’?. Obes Rev. 2000;1(2):57-9.
• 34. Mokdad AH, Bowman BA, Ford ES, Vinicor F, Marks JS, Koplan JP. The continuing epidemics of obesity and diabetes in the United States. JAMA. 2001;286(10):1195-200.
• 35. Patiño MN, Loyola RJ, Medina SC, Pontigo LA, Reyes MJ, Ortega RJ, et al. Caries, periodontal disease and tooth loss in patients with diabetes mellitus types 1 and 2. Acta Odontol Latinoam. 2007;21(2):127-33.
• 36. Taylor GW, Manz MC, Borgnakke WS. Diabetes, periodontal diseases, dental caries, and tooth loss: a review of the literature. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2004;25(3):179-84,6.
• 37. Yamashita JM, Moura-Grec PGd, Freitas ARd, Sales-Peres A, Groppo FC, Ceneviva R, et al. Assessment of oral conditions and quality of life in morbid obese and normal weight individuals: A cross-sectional study. PloS One. 2015;10(7):e0129687.
• 38. Forslund HB, Lindroos AK, Blomkvist K, Hakeberg M, Berggren U, Jontell M, et al. Number of teeth, body mass index, and dental anxiety in middle-aged Swedish women. Acta Odontol Scand. 2002;60(6):346-52.