The Beneficial Effect of Exercise and Vitamin D Supplementation on Comorbidities Associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Abstract

Objective: A multisystem chronic autoimmune illness with recurrent and relapsing episodes that can affect the locomotor system as well as the liver and kidneys is known as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Vitamin D deficiency is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of SLE. Therefore, our primary aim in this literature review is to determine the role of vitamin D deficiency on SLE symptoms. Our secondary aim is to explain the benefits of exercise on SLE-related comorbidities. Method: A comprehensive literature search on SLE symptoms, biochemistry, and pathophysiology was performed via Google Scholar. The effect of exercise on SLE comorbidities was investigated. Results: Some studies suggest that SLE is caused by environmental and genetic factors. The exact cause of the disease is still unknown, but there is evidence that vitamin D deficiency is associated with SLE symptoms. In addition to drug treatment for locomotor system involvement in SLE patients, physiotherapy applications are also included. In this study, the positive effects of exercise in SLE patients on pain, fatigue, and sleep problems caused by both disease-related and side effects of pharmacological applications used in treatment are reported. Information about the effects of vitamin D deficiency in SLE and how exercise contributes to the improvement of these symptoms is presented. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency in the symptoms seen in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus cannot be corrected by vitamin D supplementation alone. At this point, exercise provides possible benefits in correcting vitamin D deficiency. Therefore, exercise has positive effects on SLE comorbidities. Future studies should be planned with the aim of establishing a suitable exercise prescription for SLE.

Keywords

• Systemic lupus erythematosus
• exercise
• fatigue
• pain
• sleep disorders
• vitamin D.

Egzersiz ve D Vitamini Desteğinin Sistemik Lupus Eritematozus ile İlişkili Komorbiditeler Üzerindeki Faydalı Etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Karaciğer ve böbreklerin yanı sıra lokomotor sistemi de etkileyebilen, tekrarlayan ve nükseden ataklarla seyreden multisistem kronik otoimmün bir hastalık sistemik lupus eritematozus (SLE) olarak bilinir. D vitamini eksikliğinin SLE patogenezinde rol oynadığı düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle, bu literatür taramasında birincil amacımız D vitamini eksikliğinin SLE semptomları üzerindeki rolünü belirlemektir. İkincil amacımız ise egzersizin SLE ile ilişkili komorbiditeler üzerindeki faydalarını açıklamaktır. Metod: Google Scholar aracılığıyla SLE semptomları, biyokimyası ve patofizyolojisi hakkında kapsamlı bir literatür taraması yapıldı. Egzersizin SLE komorbiditeleri üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bulgular: Bazı çalışmalar SLE'nin çevresel ve genetik faktörlerden kaynaklandığını öne sürmektedir. Hastalığın kesin nedeni hala bilinmemektedir ancak D vitamini eksikliğinin SLE semptomları ile ilişkili olduğuna yönelik kanıtlar mevcuttur. SLE hastalarında lokomotor sistem tutulumuna yönelik ilaç tedavisinin yanı sıra fizyoterapi uygulamaları da yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada SLE hastalarında egzersizin hem hastalığa bağlı hem de tedavide kullanılan farmakolojik uygulamaların yan etkilerinden kaynaklanan ağrı, yorgunluk ve uyku problemleri üzerine olumlu etkileri bildirilmektedir. SLE'de D vitamini eksikliğinin etkileri ve egzersizin bu semptomların iyileşmesine nasıl katkı sağladığı hakkında bilgiler sunulmuştur. Sonuç: Sistemik Lupus Eritematozus'ta görülen semptomlardaki D vitamini eksikliği tek başına D vitamini takviyesi ile düzeltilemez. Bu noktada egzersiz, D vitamini eksikliğinin düzeltilmesinde olası faydalar sağlamaktadır. Bu nedenle egzersizin SLE komorbiditeleri üzerinde olumlu etkileri vardır. SLE için uygun bir egzersiz reçetesi oluşturmak amacıyla gelecekteki çalışmalar planlanmalıdır.

Keywords

• Sistemik lupus eritematozus
• egzersiz
• yorgunluk
• ağrı
• uyku bozuklukları
• D vitamini.

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