Adverse Reactions to Intravenous Immunoglobulin in Children with Primary Immunodeficiencies: A Single Center Experience

Abstract

Aim: This study evaluated the clinical outcomes of patients diagnosed with immunodeficiency who regularly received intravenous immunoglobulin therapy.

Material and Methods: This study was performed on 0-18-year-olds. 35 patients diagnosed with primary immunodeficiency were included in our study. Patients’ data regarding gender, age, primary diagnosis, family history of immunodeficiency, consanguineous marriage, growth and developmental delay, lymphoid tissue involvement, systemic findings, infection frequency before and after intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, and the existence of hospitalization history were analyzed retrospectively.

Results: Thirteen (%37,1) female and 22 (%67,9) male patients were evaluated in this study. Twenty-one patients (%60) were diagnosed with common variable immunodeficiency, 6 were (%17,1) severe combined immunodeficiency, 3 were (%8,6) ataxia telangiectasia, 3 were (%8,6) hyper immunoglobulin M syndrome and 2 were (%5,7) Bruton agammaglobulinemia. All the patients (%100) had a history of hospitalization for recurrent infection. Before the immunoglobulin treatment, it was observed that one patient (%2,9) had 4-6 times, 15 patients (%42,9) had 7-10 times, and 19 patients (%54,3) had more than ten times history of infection per a year. However, after the immunoglobulin treatment, it has been observed that the infection frequency of all the patients (%100) was 1-3 times per year. Pretreatment median IgG values were 224 mg/dL (25-1339) and posttreatment 510 mg/dL (218-1568), who were entered into this study.

Conclusion: Early identification of PIDs before the emergence of serious infections is important for prognosis and providing timely genetic counseling to the family. Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin therapy reduces recurrent infections, hospitalization, and morbidity.

Keywords

• Immune deficiency
• immunoglobulin therapy
• IVIG
• adverse reaction

Ethical Statement

The study was approved by the Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine Ethics Committee (No:2017/1103).

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