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Applicability of the Finnish Diabetes Risk (FINDRISC) as a Screening Tool for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Year 2016, , 158 - 166, 26.12.2016
https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.287466

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Objective:In this study, we aimed to investigate the applicability of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) as a screening tool for undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Methods: This cross-sectional analytic study was carried out on 479 persons referred to the Outpatient Clinic of Family Medicine. The risk of developing Type 2 diabetes mellitus was assessed using the FINDRISC.LDL-c, HDL-c, total cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose and insulin levels were measured in the blood of the patients taken after 10-12 hours of fasting.For insulin resistance, HOMA IR (Homeostasis Model Assessment) was calculated by using fasting plasma glucose (FBG) and insulin levels. Results: In all the participants, 73.9% (n=354) were female, 26.1% (n=125) were male, the mean age was 35.14±10.77. The Diabetes risk was increasing with low education level, marriage, unemployment, obesity and sedentary lifestyle. Age, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher in the high and very high risk group than other groups (p<0.001). A significant positive correlation were found between the FINDRISC score and FBG, insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-c, as well as a negative correlation with HDL-c level (p<0.001). The frequency of insulin resistance were higher in the moderate risk group, this difference was statistically very significant (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes is a major health problem in our country as well as all over the world. FINDRISC can be used as a simple and noninvasive screening tool to identify individuals at high risk for diabetes in the adults.

References

  • 1.Türkiye Endokrin ve Metabolizma Derneği (TEMD) Diabetes Mellitus ve Komplikasyonlarının Tanı, Tedavi ve İzlem Kılavuzu 2015. http://www.turkendokrin.org/files/15055_DIYABET_web(1).pdf. Erişim tarihi: 12.02.2016
  • 2. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas Sixth edition 2013. Online version of IDF Diabetes At- las:www.idf.org/diabetesatlas. Erişimtarihi:10.01.2016
  • 3. Satman I, Ömer B, Tutuncu Y et al. Twelve-year trends in the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes and pre- diabetes in Turkish adults. Eur J Epidemiol2013;28:169-80.
  • 4. Coşansu G. Diyabet: Küresel Bir Salgın Hastalık. Okmeydanı Tıp Dergisi 2015;31(Ek sayı):1-6.
  • 5. American Diabetes Association. Prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes. Sec.5. In Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes 2015. Diabetes Care2015;38:31-2.
  • 6. The DPP Study Group. The Diabetes Prevention Program: baseline characteristics of the randomized cohort. Diabetes Care 2000;23(11):1619-29.
  • 7. Aksakoğlu G. Correlation and regression computation methods In: Aksakoğlu G, eds. Sağlıkta araştırma ve çözümleme. 2. Baskı. İzmir: DEÜRektörlük Basımevi; 2006. p.283-90.
  • 8. Finnish Diabetes Association, Programme for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes in Finland 2003- 2010.http://www.diabetes.fi/files/1108/Programme_for_the_Prevention_of
  • _Type_2_Diabetes_in_Finland_2003-2010.pdf. Erişim tarihi: 15.10.2014.
  • 9. Baskın Y, Yiğitbaşı T, Afacan G et al. İnsülin direnci olan erişkin kilolu ve obezlerde lipoprotein (a) ile lipid parametreleri. TürkKlinikBiyokimyaDerg.2008;6(2):65-71.
  • 10. Zhang L, Zhang Z, Zhang Y et al. Evaluation of Finnish Diabetes Risk Score in screening undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes among U.S. adults by gender and race: NHANES 1999-2010. PLoS One. 2014;9(5):e97865.
  • 11. Viitasalo K, Lindström J, Hemiö K et al. Occupational health care identifies risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. PrimCareDiabetes.2012;6(2):95-102.
  • 12. Cevik Akyil R, Miloglu O, Olgun N et al.A comparison of three different diabetes screening methods among dental patients in Turkey. Pak JMed Sci.2014;30(1):65-9.
  • 13. Janghorbani M, Adineh H, Amini M. Finnish Diabetes Risk Score to predict type 2 diabetes in the Isfahan diabetes prevention study. DiabetesResClinPract.2013;102(3):202-9.
  • 14. Väätäinen S, Cederberg H, Roine R, et al. Does Future Diabetes Risk Impair Current Quality of Life? A Cross-Sectional Study of Health-Related Quality ofLife in Relation to the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC). PLoSOne.2016;11(2):e0147898.
  • 15. American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care 2004; 27: 5-10.
  • 16. Chiasson JL, Josse RG, Gomis R, et al. STOP-NIDDM Trail Research Group. Acarbose for prevention of type2 diabetesmellitus: theSTOP-NIDDMrandomisedtrial.Lancet. 2002;359(9323):2072-7.
  • 17. Tankova T, Chakarova N, Atanassova I et al. Evaluation of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score as a screening tool for impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucosetolerance and undetected diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2011;92(1):46-52.
  • 18. Saaristo T, Peltonen M, Lindström J, et al. Cross-sectional evaluation of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score: a tool to identify undetected type 2 diabetes, abnormal glucose tolerance and metabolic syndrome. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2005;2:67-72.
  • 19. Costa B, Barrio F, Piñol JL, et al. Shifting from glucose diagnosis to the new HbA1c diagnosis reduces the capability ofthe Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) to screen for glucose abnormalities with in a real life primary healthcare preventive strategy.BMCMed.2013;11:45.
  • 20. Yıldız E. Obezite ve Tip 2 Diyabet. Ankara: Sağlık Bakanlığı Yayın No:729;2012.
  • 21. Wang J, Stancakova A, Kuusisto J et al. Identification of undiagnosed type 2 diabetic individuals by the Finnish diabetes risk score and biochemical and genetic markers: a population-based study of 7232 Finnish men. J Clin EndocrinolMetab 2010.95:3858-3862.
  • 22. Schwarz PE, Li J, Reimann M, et al. The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score is associated with insulin resistance and progression towards type 2 diabetes. J Clin EndocrinolMetab2009;94:920-6.
  • 23. Lebovitz HE, Banerji MA. Point: visceral adiposity is causally related to insulin resistance. Diabetes Care 2005;28(9):2322-5.
  • 24. Janghorbani M, Adineh H, Amini M. Evaluation of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) as a screening tool for the metabolic syndrome. RevDiabet Stud.2013;10(4):283-92.
  • 25. ÖnderMR, ÖzerkanF. Diyabet ve Hipertansiyon. Türkiye Klinikleri J Cardiol 2000;13(5):401-3.
  • 26. Kutlu R, Çivi S. Aile Hekimliği Polikliniğine Başvuran Yirmi Yaş ve Üzeri Erişkinlerde Metabolik Sendrom Sıklığı ve İlişkili FaktörlerKonuralpMedicalJournal2014;6(2):47-54.
  • 27. Vandersmissen GJ, Godderis L. Evaluation of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) for diabetes screening in occupational health care. Int J OccupMed EnvironHealth. 2015;28(3):587-91.
  • 28. Gomez-Arbelaez D, Alvarado-Jurado L, Ayala-Castillo M, et al. Evaluation of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score to predict type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Colombian population: A longitudinal observational study. World J Diabetes. 2015;6(17):1337-44.

Tanı Almamış Tip 2 Diyabet İçin Bir Tarama Metodu Olarak Fin Diyabet Risk Anketi (FINDRISK) Uygulanabilir mi?

Year 2016, , 158 - 166, 26.12.2016
https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.287466

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada tanı almamış tip 2 diyabet için bir tarama metodu olarak Fin Diyabet Risk Anketinin (FINDRISK) uygulanabilirliğinin araştırılmasını amaçladık.

Gereç ve Yöntem:Kesitsel tipteki bu analitik araştırma Aile Hekimliği Polikliniğine başvuran 479 kişide yapıldı.Tip 2 diyabet gelişme riski FINDRISK kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Hastaların 10–12 saat açlık sonrası alınan kanlarında LDL-c, HDL-c, total kolesterol, trigliserid, glukoz ve insulin düzeyleri ölçüldü. İnsülin direnci için açlık plazma glukozu ve insülin düzeyleri kullanılarakHOMAIR hesaplandı.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılanların %73,9’u (n=354) kadın %26,1’i (n=125) erkek, yaş ortalamaları 35,14±10,77 yıl idi. Evlilik, düşük eğitim seviyesi, işsizlik, obezite ve sedanter yaşam tarzı ile diyabet riski artmaktadır. Diyabet riski yüksek ve çok yüksek olan grupta; yaş, beden kütle indeksi (BKİ), bel çevresi, kalça çevresi, sistolik ve diyastolik kan basıncı ortalamaları anlamlı derecede daha yüksekti (p<0.001). FINDRISK puanı ile AKŞ, insülin, total kolesterol, LDL-c, trigliserid arasında pozitif yönde, HDL-c arasında ise negatif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki bulundu (p<0.001). Orta riskli grupta insülin direnci daha sık görülmekteydi, bu fark istatistiksel olarak çok önemli idi (p<0,001).

Sonuç: Tip 2 diyabet tüm dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de çok önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. FINDRISK erişkinlerde diyabet açısından yüksek risk taşıyan bireyleri tespit etmek için basit ve non-invaziv bir tarama aracı olarak kullanılabilir.

References

  • 1.Türkiye Endokrin ve Metabolizma Derneği (TEMD) Diabetes Mellitus ve Komplikasyonlarının Tanı, Tedavi ve İzlem Kılavuzu 2015. http://www.turkendokrin.org/files/15055_DIYABET_web(1).pdf. Erişim tarihi: 12.02.2016
  • 2. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas Sixth edition 2013. Online version of IDF Diabetes At- las:www.idf.org/diabetesatlas. Erişimtarihi:10.01.2016
  • 3. Satman I, Ömer B, Tutuncu Y et al. Twelve-year trends in the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes and pre- diabetes in Turkish adults. Eur J Epidemiol2013;28:169-80.
  • 4. Coşansu G. Diyabet: Küresel Bir Salgın Hastalık. Okmeydanı Tıp Dergisi 2015;31(Ek sayı):1-6.
  • 5. American Diabetes Association. Prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes. Sec.5. In Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes 2015. Diabetes Care2015;38:31-2.
  • 6. The DPP Study Group. The Diabetes Prevention Program: baseline characteristics of the randomized cohort. Diabetes Care 2000;23(11):1619-29.
  • 7. Aksakoğlu G. Correlation and regression computation methods In: Aksakoğlu G, eds. Sağlıkta araştırma ve çözümleme. 2. Baskı. İzmir: DEÜRektörlük Basımevi; 2006. p.283-90.
  • 8. Finnish Diabetes Association, Programme for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes in Finland 2003- 2010.http://www.diabetes.fi/files/1108/Programme_for_the_Prevention_of
  • _Type_2_Diabetes_in_Finland_2003-2010.pdf. Erişim tarihi: 15.10.2014.
  • 9. Baskın Y, Yiğitbaşı T, Afacan G et al. İnsülin direnci olan erişkin kilolu ve obezlerde lipoprotein (a) ile lipid parametreleri. TürkKlinikBiyokimyaDerg.2008;6(2):65-71.
  • 10. Zhang L, Zhang Z, Zhang Y et al. Evaluation of Finnish Diabetes Risk Score in screening undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes among U.S. adults by gender and race: NHANES 1999-2010. PLoS One. 2014;9(5):e97865.
  • 11. Viitasalo K, Lindström J, Hemiö K et al. Occupational health care identifies risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. PrimCareDiabetes.2012;6(2):95-102.
  • 12. Cevik Akyil R, Miloglu O, Olgun N et al.A comparison of three different diabetes screening methods among dental patients in Turkey. Pak JMed Sci.2014;30(1):65-9.
  • 13. Janghorbani M, Adineh H, Amini M. Finnish Diabetes Risk Score to predict type 2 diabetes in the Isfahan diabetes prevention study. DiabetesResClinPract.2013;102(3):202-9.
  • 14. Väätäinen S, Cederberg H, Roine R, et al. Does Future Diabetes Risk Impair Current Quality of Life? A Cross-Sectional Study of Health-Related Quality ofLife in Relation to the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC). PLoSOne.2016;11(2):e0147898.
  • 15. American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care 2004; 27: 5-10.
  • 16. Chiasson JL, Josse RG, Gomis R, et al. STOP-NIDDM Trail Research Group. Acarbose for prevention of type2 diabetesmellitus: theSTOP-NIDDMrandomisedtrial.Lancet. 2002;359(9323):2072-7.
  • 17. Tankova T, Chakarova N, Atanassova I et al. Evaluation of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score as a screening tool for impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucosetolerance and undetected diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2011;92(1):46-52.
  • 18. Saaristo T, Peltonen M, Lindström J, et al. Cross-sectional evaluation of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score: a tool to identify undetected type 2 diabetes, abnormal glucose tolerance and metabolic syndrome. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2005;2:67-72.
  • 19. Costa B, Barrio F, Piñol JL, et al. Shifting from glucose diagnosis to the new HbA1c diagnosis reduces the capability ofthe Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) to screen for glucose abnormalities with in a real life primary healthcare preventive strategy.BMCMed.2013;11:45.
  • 20. Yıldız E. Obezite ve Tip 2 Diyabet. Ankara: Sağlık Bakanlığı Yayın No:729;2012.
  • 21. Wang J, Stancakova A, Kuusisto J et al. Identification of undiagnosed type 2 diabetic individuals by the Finnish diabetes risk score and biochemical and genetic markers: a population-based study of 7232 Finnish men. J Clin EndocrinolMetab 2010.95:3858-3862.
  • 22. Schwarz PE, Li J, Reimann M, et al. The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score is associated with insulin resistance and progression towards type 2 diabetes. J Clin EndocrinolMetab2009;94:920-6.
  • 23. Lebovitz HE, Banerji MA. Point: visceral adiposity is causally related to insulin resistance. Diabetes Care 2005;28(9):2322-5.
  • 24. Janghorbani M, Adineh H, Amini M. Evaluation of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) as a screening tool for the metabolic syndrome. RevDiabet Stud.2013;10(4):283-92.
  • 25. ÖnderMR, ÖzerkanF. Diyabet ve Hipertansiyon. Türkiye Klinikleri J Cardiol 2000;13(5):401-3.
  • 26. Kutlu R, Çivi S. Aile Hekimliği Polikliniğine Başvuran Yirmi Yaş ve Üzeri Erişkinlerde Metabolik Sendrom Sıklığı ve İlişkili FaktörlerKonuralpMedicalJournal2014;6(2):47-54.
  • 27. Vandersmissen GJ, Godderis L. Evaluation of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) for diabetes screening in occupational health care. Int J OccupMed EnvironHealth. 2015;28(3):587-91.
  • 28. Gomez-Arbelaez D, Alvarado-Jurado L, Ayala-Castillo M, et al. Evaluation of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score to predict type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Colombian population: A longitudinal observational study. World J Diabetes. 2015;6(17):1337-44.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ruhuşen Kutlu

Seher Sayın This is me

Ahmet Koçak This is me

Publication Date December 26, 2016
Acceptance Date December 22, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016

Cite

APA Kutlu, R., Sayın, S., & Koçak, A. (2016). Applicability of the Finnish Diabetes Risk (FINDRISC) as a Screening Tool for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Konuralp Medical Journal, 8(3), 158-166. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.287466
AMA Kutlu R, Sayın S, Koçak A. Applicability of the Finnish Diabetes Risk (FINDRISC) as a Screening Tool for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Konuralp Medical Journal. December 2016;8(3):158-166. doi:10.18521/ktd.287466
Chicago Kutlu, Ruhuşen, Seher Sayın, and Ahmet Koçak. “Applicability of the Finnish Diabetes Risk (FINDRISC) As a Screening Tool for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus”. Konuralp Medical Journal 8, no. 3 (December 2016): 158-66. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.287466.
EndNote Kutlu R, Sayın S, Koçak A (December 1, 2016) Applicability of the Finnish Diabetes Risk (FINDRISC) as a Screening Tool for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Konuralp Medical Journal 8 3 158–166.
IEEE R. Kutlu, S. Sayın, and A. Koçak, “Applicability of the Finnish Diabetes Risk (FINDRISC) as a Screening Tool for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus”, Konuralp Medical Journal, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 158–166, 2016, doi: 10.18521/ktd.287466.
ISNAD Kutlu, Ruhuşen et al. “Applicability of the Finnish Diabetes Risk (FINDRISC) As a Screening Tool for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus”. Konuralp Medical Journal 8/3 (December 2016), 158-166. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.287466.
JAMA Kutlu R, Sayın S, Koçak A. Applicability of the Finnish Diabetes Risk (FINDRISC) as a Screening Tool for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2016;8:158–166.
MLA Kutlu, Ruhuşen et al. “Applicability of the Finnish Diabetes Risk (FINDRISC) As a Screening Tool for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus”. Konuralp Medical Journal, vol. 8, no. 3, 2016, pp. 158-66, doi:10.18521/ktd.287466.
Vancouver Kutlu R, Sayın S, Koçak A. Applicability of the Finnish Diabetes Risk (FINDRISC) as a Screening Tool for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2016;8(3):158-66.