The Characteristics of Families who rejected Vaccination during the Mop-up Oral Polio Vaccination Campaign and Their Reasons of Rejection: A Family Health Center Experience

Abstract

Objective: Mop-Up Polio Vaccination Campaign is a movement which aims to reach the target of eliminating polio. Our aim in this study is to investigate the characteristics of the families who have rejected oral polio vaccination (OPV) of their children within the OPV Campaign in a family health center and to examine the reasons of rejecting the vaccination.

Methods: The data was obtained through a survey in face-to-face interviews which were performed with the families who have rejected the vaccination of their children within the Mop-Up Oral polio vaccination campaign. The survey form consisted of 14 questions about the socio-demographic features of the families and children, and the reasons of rejecting oral polio.

Results: 1250 children were included in the vaccination program during the campaign. 38 of the children (3.04%) rejected vaccination during the campaign, the average age of the children was 23.2±17.7 months. The youngest one was three days old and the eldest one was 59 months old. Looking over the family members who took the survey, it is seen that 71 % of those were the mothers (n=27), 8% of those were the fathers (n=3) and 21% of those were the relatives (n=8). It was discovered that 94.7 % of the children who rejected OPA vaccination got other vaccinations according to the Ministry of Health National Vaccination Calendar (n=36), whereas 5.3% of those children lacked of other vaccinations (n=2). Though 81.6% of the children were given OPA beforehand (n=31), 18.4% were not given at all (n=7).

Conclusion: Levels of educational and awareness are important in reaching the targeted vaccination rates in the conduction of vaccination works. We believe that informing the medical personnel, especially those who work at the first step, on the vaccination campaigns to be conducted and increasing their awareness will decrease the vaccination rejections.

Keywords

• Oral Poliovirus Vaccine,Family characteristics,Vaccination,Rejection

Mop-Up Oral Polio Aşı Kampanyasında Aşıyı Reddetme Nedenleri: Bir Aile Sağlığı Merkezi Deneyimi

Abstract

ÖZET

Amaç: Mop-Up Polio aşı kampanyası, çocuk felcinin ortadan kaldırılması için uygulanan aşılama çalışmalarıdır. Bu çalışmada amacımız, Diyarbakır’da bir aile sağlığı merkezi bölgesinde Mop-up oral polio aşı (OPA) kampanyası kapsamında çocuklarına OPA yapılmasını reddeden ailelerin özelliklerinin ve aşıyı reddetme nedenlerinin belirlenmesidir.

Yöntem: Veriler Mop-up OPA kampanyasında, çocuklarına aşı yapılmasını reddeden ailelerle yüz yüze görüşülerek elde edildi. Anket formu; aile ve çocukların sosyo-demografik özellikleri ve OPA’nın reddedilmesi ile ilgili 14 sorudan oluşturuldu. Bulgular: Kampanya boyunca 1250 çocuk aşı programına alındı. Bunlardan 38 tanesi (%3.04) aşıyı reddetti. Aşısı yaptırılmayan bu çocukların yaş ortalaması 23.2±17.7 ay idi. En küçüğü 3 günlük ve en büyüğü ise 59 aylık idi. Ankete cevap veren aile bireyleri incelendiğinde; %71’ini çocuğun annesi (n=27), %8’ini çocuğun babası (n=3) ve %21’ini ise çocuğun diğer yakınları (n=8) oluşturmaktaydı. Aşıyı reddeden ailelerin çocuklarının %94.7’sinin diğer aşıları; Sağlık Bakanlığı Ulusal aşı takvimine göre tam iken (n=36), %5.3’ünün ise diğer aşılarının eksik olduğu (n=2) tespit edilmiştir. Çocukların %81.6’sına daha önce OPA yapılmış iken (n=31) %18.4’üne ise hiç yapılmamıştır (n=7).

Sonuç: Aşılama faaliyetlerinin yürütülmesinde ebeveynlerin eğitim seviyeleri ve farkındalık düzeyleri hedeflenen aşılama oranlarına ulaşılması için önemlidir. Yapılacak aşı kampanyalarında ailelerin aşılama konusunda eğitilmesi ve farkındalıklarının arttırılmasının aşı retlerini azaltacağı kanaatindeyiz.

Keywords

• Oral Polyovirüs Aşısı,Aile özellikleri,Aşılama,Reddetme

References

1. 1. Mohammed A, Sabitu K, Nguku P, et al. Characteristics of persons refusing oral polio vaccine during the immunization plus days – Sokoto, Nigeria 2011. Pan African Medical Journal 2014;18(Supp1):10.
2. 2. Henderson DA. Lessons from the eradication campaigns. Vaccine 1999;17(3):53-5.
3. 3. Özkaya E. Türkiye’de poliomyelit eradikasyon programı çalışmalarında son durum, 1999-2000. İnfeksiyon Dergisi [Turkish Journal of Infection] 2002;16(2):129-32.
4. 4. http://thsk.saglik.gov.tr/cocuk-felci-hastaligi/954-d%C3%BCnyada-%C3%A7ocuk-felci-hastal%C4% B1 % C4%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n-durumu-nedir.html. (Erişim tarihi: 09.03.2015).
5. 5. Feldman-Savelsberg P, Ndonko FT, Schmidt-Ehry B. Sterilizing vaccine sorthe politics of the womb: retrospective study of a rumor in Cameroon. Med Anthropol Q 2000;14(2):159-79.
6. 6. Nzolo D, Aloni MN, Ngamasata TM, et al. Adverse events following immunization with oral poliovirus in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo: preliminary results. Pathogens and Global Health 2013;107(7): 381-4.
7. 7. Waldman EA, Luhm KR, Monteiro SA, et al. Surveillance of adverse effects following vaccination and safety of immunization programs. Rev Saude Publica 2011;45(1):173-84.
8. 8. Ankrah DN, Mantel-Teeuwisse AK, De Bruin ML, et al. Incidence of adverse events among health care workers following H1N1 Mass immunization in Ghana: a prospective study. Drug Saf 2013;36(4):259-66.

9. 9. Mahajan D, Roomiani I, Gold MS, et al. Annual report: surveillance of adverse events following immunization in Australia, 2009. Commun Dis Intell Q Rep 2010; 34(3):259-76.
10. 10. World Health Organization, Department of Vaccines and Biological. Supplementary information on vaccine safety; Part2: Background rates of adverse events following immunization. WHO/V&B/00.36. Geneva: ISO; December, 2000;72-8.
11. 11. Singh B, Suresh K, Kumar S, et al. Pulse polio immunization in Delhi-1995-96: a survey. Indian J Pediatr. 1997;64(1):57-64.
12. 12. Omer SB, Salmon DA, Orenstein WA, et al. Vaccine refusal, mandatory immunization, and the risks of vaccine-preventable diseases. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(19):1981-8.
13. 13. Gidado S, Nguku P, Biya O, et al. Determinants of routine immunization coverage in Bungudu, Zamfara State, Northern Nigeria, May 2010. The Pan African Medical Journal. 2014;18(Suppl 1):9. doi:10.11694/pamj.supp.2014.18.1.4149.
14. 14. Altinkaynak S, Ertekin V, Guraksın A, Kılıc A. Effect of several socio demographic factors on measles immunization in children of EasternTurkey. Public Health 2004;118(8):565-9.
15. 15. Bates AS, Wolinsky FD. Personal, financial, and structural barriers to immunization in socioeconomically disadvantaged urban children. Pediatrics 1998;101(4):591-6.
16. 16. Etiler N, Pasaoglu VS, Aktekin M. Risk factors for overall and persistent diarrhoea in infancy in Antalya, Turkey: a cohort study. Public Health 2004;118(1):62-9.
17. 17. Aksit B. Sociocultural determinants of infant and child mortality in Turkey. SocSciMed 1989, 28:571-6.
18. 18. Torun SD, Bakirci N. Vaccination coverage and reasons for non-vaccination in a district of Istanbul. BMC Public Health 2006;6(1):125.
19. 19. Ay P, Topuzoglu A, Korukluoglu G, Cali S. Rubella seroprevalence among first-grade primary school students in a district in Istanbul, Turkey. Public Health 2006: 120(3):267-3.
20. 20. Olmez S, Uzamis M. Risk factors of early childhood caries in Turkish children. Turk J Pediatr 2002;44(3): 230-6.
21. 21. Parker AA, Staggs W, Dayan GH, et al. Implications of a 2005 measles outbreak in Indiana for sustained elimination of measles in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2006;355(5):447-55.
22. 22. Örmen B, Türker N, Vardar İ, et al. Hastane Personeline Pandemik İnfluenza A (H1N1) Aşı Uygulamasının Ardından Aşılama Hakkındaki Görüşler ve Gözlenen Yan Etkiler Mikrobiyol Bul 2012;46(1):57-64.
23. 23. Ghinai I, Willotta C, Dadaric I, Larson HJ. Listening to the rumours: What the northern Nigeria polio vaccine boycott can tell us ten years. Global Public Health 2013;8(10):1138-50.
24. 24. Murakami H, Kobayashi M, Hachiya M, et al. Refusal of oral polio vaccine in northwestern Pakistan: A qualitative and quantitative study. Vaccine 2014;32(12):1382-7.
25. 25. Gençer MZ, Alıcıoğlu F, Arıca S, Arıca V. 24–72 Ay Çocukları olan Ebeveynlerin Sosyo-Demografik Özellikleri ve Rutin Dışı Aşılar Hakkındaki Bilgi Düzeyleri: Doğu-Batı Karşılaştırması. Konuralp Tıp Dergisi [Konuralp Medical Journal] 2015;7(3):141-5.