Weight Loss Experiences of Obese Individuals; Qualitative Study

Abstract

Objectives: Obesity is a leading preventable cause of death worldwide. Being overweight or obese has a serious impact on health. Treatment of obesity needs a comprehensive approach. Biopsychosocial approach of family physicians is invaluable in obesity management. This study was performed in order to find answers to “why”, “how’’ and “when’’ our patients became obese.

Methods:We conducted in-depth, semi-structured, face to face interviews with 30 participants (BMI>30). Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed, and qualitatively analysed using a thematic framework method.

Results:26 women and 4 men accepted to join our study. Analysis of indepth interviews emerged 5 major themes which were the different perception of obesity among individuals; awareness of obesity; loss of selfconfidence; belief in treatment and effects on quality of life.

Conclusion:Each patient has a different need and different expectation while controlling weight. As a part of biopsychosocial approach the family physician needs to understand the factors that bring the patient to current condition and see which approach would be the best for individual patient for weight management.

Keywords

• Obesity,Qualitative Research,Weight Loss

Obez Bireylerin Kilo Verme Deneyimleri; Kalitatif Çalışma

Abstract

Amaç: Obezite dünya genelindeki önlenebilir ölüm nedenlerinin başında gelmektedir. Aşırı kilolu veya obez olmanın sağlık üzerinde ciddi bir yan etkisi vardır. Obezite tedavisi kapsamlı bir yaklaşım gerektirir. Özellikle aile hekimlerinin biyopsikososyal yaklaşım göstermeleri kilo verme sürecinde çok önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, obez bireylerin kilo verme girişimleri sırasındaki deneyimlerini değerlendirmeyi ve başarı ve başarısızlığı etkileyen faktörleri bulmayı amaçladık.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Beden kitle indeksi 30 üzeri olan hastalarla derinlemesine, yarı yapılandırılmış, yüz yüze görüşmeler yaptık. Görüşmeler ses kaydına alındı ve yazıya aktarıldı. Daha sonra tematik çerçeve yöntemi ile kalitatif analizi yapıldı.

Bulgular: 26 kadın ve 4 erkek çalışmaya katılmayı kabul etti. Derinlemesine röportajlar sonucu 5 ana tema ortaya çıktı: obezitenin bireyler arasında farklı algılanışı; obezitenin farkındalığı; öz güven kaybı; tedaviye inanç; hayat kalitesi üzerine etkileri.

Sonuç: Her hastanın kilo kontrolüne farklı bir ihtiyacı ve bundan farklı bir beklentisi vardır. Biyopsikososyal yaklaşımın bir parçası olarak aile hekimi hastayı o anki duruma getiren etkenleri anlamalı ve hangi yaklaşımın hastanın kilo kontrolünde daha iyi olacağına karar vermelidir.

Keywords

• Obezite,Kalitatif Çalışma,Kilo verme

References

1. REFERENCES
2. 1. http://www.who.int/gho/ncd/risk_factors/bmi_text/en/
3. 2. World Health Organization. Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic (Report of a WHO Consultation: WHO Technical Report Series 894). Geneva: World Health Organization; 2000.
4. 3. Taverno Ross SE, Larson N, Graham DJ, Neumark-Sztainer D. Longitudinal changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior from adolescence to adulthood: comparing U.S.-born and foreign-born populations. J Phys Act Health. 2014;11:519-27.
5. 4. Gordon-Larsen P, Harris KM, Ward DS, Popkin BM. Acculturation and overweight-related behaviors among Hispanic immigrants to the US: the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Soc Sci Med. 2003;57:2023-34.
6. 5. Kocken PL, Schönbeck Y, Henneman L, Janssens AC, Detmar SB. Ethnic differences and parental beliefs are important for overweight prevention and management in children: a cross-sectional study in the Netherlands. BMC Public Health. 2012;12:867.
7. 6. Crawford PB, Story M, Wang MC, Ritchie LD, Sabry ZI. Ethnic issues in the epidemiology of childhood obesity. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2001;48:855-78.
8. 7. Peña MM, Dixon B, Taveras EM. Are you talking to ME? The importance of ethnicity and culture in childhood obesity prevention and management. Child Obes.2012;8:23-7.

9. 8. Claire Wang Y, Gortmaker SL, Taveras EM. Trends and racial/ethnic disparities in severe obesity among US children and adolescents, 1976-2006. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2011 Feb;6:12-20. 9. Kumanyika SK. Environmental influences on childhood obesity: ethnic and cultural influences in context. Physiol Behav. 2008;94:61-70.
10. 10. Hendley Y, Zhao L, Coverson DL et al. Differences in weight perception among blacks and whites. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2011;20:1805-11.
11. 11. Lau PW, Lee A, Ransdell L.Parenting style and cultural influences on overweight children's attraction to physical activity. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007;15:2293-302.
12. 12. Baruffi G, Hardy CJ, Waslien CI, Uyehara SJ, Krupitsky D.Ethnic differences in the prevalence of overweight among young children in Hawaii. J Am Diet Assoc. 2004;104:1701-7.
13. 13. Kaholokula JK, Townsend CK, Ige A et al. Sociodemographic, behavioral, and biological variables related to weight loss in native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2013;21:196-203.
14. 14. Wang Y, Beydoun MA. The obesity epidemic in the United States--gender, age, socioeconomic, racial/ethnic, and geographic characteristics: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Epidemiol Rev. 2007;29:6-28.
15. 15. Taveras EM, Durousseau S, Flores G. Parents' beliefs and practices regarding childhood fever: a study of a multiethnic and socioeconomically diverse sample of parents. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2004;20:579-87.
16. 16. Stern MP, Pugh JA, Gaskill SP, Hazuda HP. Knowledge, attitudes, and behavior related to obesity and dieting in Mexican Americans and Anglos: the San Antonio Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1982;115:917-28.
17. 17. Shoneye C, Johnson F, Steptoe A, Wardle J. A qualitative analysis of black and white British women's attitudes to weight and weight control. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2011; 24:536-42.
18. 18. Smith LH, Holm L.Social class and body management. A qualitative exploration of differences in perceptions and practices related to health and personal body weight. Appetite. 2010;55:311-8.
19. 19. Morrison Z, Douglas A, Bhopal R, Sheikh A. Understanding experiences of participating in a weight loss lifestyle intervention trial: a qualitative evaluation of South Asians at high risk of diabetes. BMJ Open 2014;4:e004736.
20. 20. Lewis S, Thomas SL, Blood RW et al. Do health beliefs and behaviors differ according to severity of obesity? A qualitative study of Australian adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2010; 7: 443-59.
21. 21. Epstein L, Ogden J. A qualitative study of GPs’ views of treating obesity. British Journal of General Practice 2005; 55: 750-4.
22. 22. Thomas SL, Hyde J, Karunaratne A, Herbert D, Komesaroff PA. Being 'fat' in today's world: a qualitative study of the lived experiences of people with obesity in Australia. Health Expect 2008; 11: 321-30.
23. 23. Weaver NF, Hayes L, Unwin NC, Murtagh MJ. "Obesity" and "Clinical Obesity" Men's understandings of obesity and its relation to the risk of diabetes: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2008; 8: 311.
24. 24. Puhl RM, Moss-Racusin CA, Schwartz MB, Brownell KD. Weight stigmatization and bias reduction: perspectives of overweight and obese adults. Health Educ Res 2008; 23:347-58.
25. 25. Ritchie J, Spencer L. Qualitative data analysis for applied policy research. In: Bryman A, Burgess RG, editors. Analyzing qualitative research. London: Routledge; 1994. pp. 173–94.