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Are Blood Groups Protective Against COVID-19?

Year 2021, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 160 - 167, 11.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.840276

Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 disease, which has spread rapidly since its first appearance and caused pandemic, has become more dangerous day by day, and by infecting large masses caused the death of many people. The number of cases and deaths reaching dangerous levels globally have pushed scientists to get to know this infection more closely and to investigate preventive and therapeutic methods. At this point, scientists have discovered, based on past infectious disease researches, that some individuals are more susceptible to certain infections. Importantly, in the light of this information, it has been determined that there is a relationship between infectious diseases and blood groups, and individuals with certain blood groups are more susceptible to these infectious diseases. The obtained data suggested that there may be a relationship between blood groups and SARS-CoV-2, and research has been shifted in this direction in order to quickly determine susceptibility to the disease. Indeed, relationships between SARS-CoV-19 patients' blood groups, from hospitals in China, US, Italy, Spain and Turkey, and caught this infectious were investigated. It has been demonstrated that blood groups have an effect on getting this disease. With the discovery of this relationship, it has been revealed in studies that A, B, AB and O blood groups can be a potential biomarker in determining the sensitivity to COVID-19 infection. Studies have determined that individuals with blood type A have an increased sensitivity to COVID-19, and individuals with blood type O have a decreased sensitivity to it. It is thought that the reason for the decreased sensitivity to COVID-19 in individuals with that blood group, and the increased sensitivity seen in individuals with blood group A is due to the antibody A in the blood. This antibody can inhibit virus-cell adhesion in individuals with antibody A. Therefore, it is very important for individuals with blood group A, who do not carry this antibody in their blood, to use personal protective equipment to protect themselves from COVID-19. The purpose of this review is to bring together studies that reveal the relationship between COVID-19 and blood type.

References

  • Cooling L. Blood Groups in Infection and Host Susceptibility. Clinical microbiology reviews. 2015;28(3):801-70.
  • Zeng X, Fan H, Lu D, Huang F, Meng X, Li Z, et al. Association between ABO blood groups and clinical outcome of coronavirus disease 2019: Evidence from two cohorts. medRxiv. 2020.
  • Dzik S. COVID-19 convalescent plasma: now is the time for better science. Transfus Med Rev. 2020.
  • Silva-Filho JC, de Melo CGF, de Oliveira JLJMH. The influence of ABO blood groups on COVID-19 susceptibility and severity: a molecular hypothesis based on carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions. 2020;144:110155.
  • Tirado SMC, Yoon K-J. Antibody-dependent enhancement of virus infection and disease. Viral Immunol. 2003;16(1):69-86.
  • Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. The Lancet. 2020;395(10223):507-13.
  • Zhao J, Yang Y, Huang H-P, Li D, Gu D-F, Lu X-F, et al. Relationship between the ABO Blood Group and the COVID-19 Susceptibility. medRxiv. 2020.
  • Li S-S, Zhou C-Y, Liao R, Xiong L, Weng N-N, Zhao Y-Q, et al. ABO blood type, smoking status, other risk factors and prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Medicine. 2020;99(14):e19413.
  • Davison GM, Hendrickse HL, Matsha TE. Do Blood Group Antigens and the Red Cell Membrane Influence Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection? Cells-Basel. 2020;9(4):845.
  • Liumbruno GM, Franchini M. Beyond immunohaematology: the role of the ABO blood group in human diseases. Blood Transfus-Italy. 2013;11(4):491.
  • He M, Wolpin B, Rexrode K, Manson JE, Rimm E, Hu FB, et al. ABO blood group and risk of coronary heart disease in two prospective cohort studies. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2012;32(9):2314-20.
  • Meo S, Rouq F, Suraya F, Zaidi S. Association of ABO and Rh blood groups with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2016;20(2):237-42.
  • Takayama W, Endo A, Koguchi H, Sugimoto M, Murata K, Otomo Y. The impact of blood type O on mortality of severe trauma patients: a retrospective observational study. Crit Care Med. 2018;22(1):100.
  • Gotsman I, Keren A, Zwas DR, Lotan C, Admon D. Clinical impact of ABO and rhesus D blood type groups in patients with chronic heart failure. The American journal of cardiology. 2018;122(3):413-9.
  • Shiratori F, Shimada H, Yajima S, Suzuki T, Oshima Y, Nanami T, et al. Relationship between ABO blood group and clinicopathological factors and their effect on the survival of Japanese patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Surgery today. 2017;47(8):959-65.
  • Rezoagli E, Gatti S, Villa S, Villa G, Muttini S, Rossi F, et al. ABO blood types and major outcomes in patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure: A multicenter retrospective cohort study. Plos One. 2018;13(10):e0206403.
  • Cheng Y, Cheng G, Chui C, Lau F, Chan PK, Ng MH, et al. ABO blood group and susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome. Jama Cardiol. 2005;293(12):1447-51.
  • Loscertales MP, Owens S, O'Donnell J, Bunn J, Bosch‐Capblanch X, Brabin BJ. ABO blood group phenotypes and Plasmodium falciparum malaria: unlocking a pivotal mechanism. Advances in parasitology. 2007;65:1-50.
  • Boren T, Falk P, Roth KA, Larson G, Normark S. Attachment of Helicobacter pylori to human gastric epithelium mediated by blood group antigens. Sci Educ-Netherlands. 1993;262(5141):1892-5.
  • Lindesmith L, Moe C, Marionneau S, Ruvoen N, Jiang X, Lindblad L, et al. Human susceptibility and resistance to Norwalk virus infection. Nat Med. 2003;9(5):548-53.
  • Wang DS, Chen DL, Ren C, Wang ZQ, Qiu MZ, Luo HY, et al. ABO blood group, hepatitis B viral infection and risk of pancreatic cancer. International journal of cancer. 2012;131(2):461-8.
  • Guillon P, Clément M, Sébille V, Rivain J-G, Chou C-F, Ruvoën-Clouet N, et al. Inhibition of the interaction between the SARS-CoV spike protein and its cellular receptor by anti-histo-blood group antibodies. Glycobiology. 2008;18(12):1085-93.
  • Zietz M, Tatonetti, P N. Testing the association between blood type and COVID-19 infection, intubation, and death. medRxiv. 2020.
  • Medicine SC-GGJNEJo. Genomewide association study of severe Covid-19 with respiratory failure. 2020;383(16):1522-34.
  • Wu B-B, Gu D-Z, Yu J-N, Yang J, Shen W-QJI, Genetics, Evolution. Association between ABO blood groups and COVID-19 infection, severity and demise: A systematic review and meta-analysis. 2020;84:104485.
  • Göker H, Karakulak EA, Demiroğlu H, Ceylan ÇMA, Büyükaşik Y, Inkaya AÇ, et al. The effects of blood group types on the risk of COVID-19 infection and its clinical outcome. 2020;50(4):679-83.
  • Zietz M, Zucker J, Tatonetti NPJNc. Associations between blood type and COVID-19 infection, intubation, and death. 2020;11(1):1-6.
  • Li J, Wang X, Chen J, Cai Y, Deng A, Yang M. Association between ABO blood groups and risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 pneumonia. Brit J Haematol. 2020.
  • Peng M, Huang S, Zhu S, Chen C, Qin J, He M, et al. Distribution of ABO blood groups and association to low risk of COVID-19 infection in patients. Translational Medicine. 2020.
  • Esref A, SOLMAZ I, AKKOC H, DONMEZDIL S, KARAHAN Z, Safak K, et al. Association Between the Rh Blood Group and the Covid-19 Susceptibility. Int J Hematol. 2020;30(2):081-6.
  • Lu R, Zhao X, Li J, Niu P, Yang B, Wu H, et al. Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding. The Lancet. 2020;395(10224):565-74.
  • Hoffmann M, Kleine-Weber H, Krüger N, Mueller MA, Drosten C, Pöhlmann S. The novel coronavirus 2019 (2019-nCoV) uses the SARS-coronavirus receptor ACE2 and the cellular protease TMPRSS2 for entry into target cells. BioRxiv. 2020.
  • Wan Y, Shang J, Graham R, Baric RS, Li F. Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus. J Virol. 2020;94(7).
  • Batool Z, Durrani SH, Tariq S. Association of ABO and Rh blood group types to hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV and Syphillis infection, a five year’experience in healthy blood donors in a tertiary care hospital. Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad. 2017;29(1):90-2.
  • Jing W, Zhao S, Liu J, Liu M. ABO blood groups and hepatitis B virus infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Bmj Open. 2020;10(1).
  • Gérard C, Maggipinto G, Minon JM. COVID‐19 & ABO blood group: another viewpoint. Brit J Haematol. 2020.
  • Wu O, Bayoumi N, Vickers M, Clark P. ABO (H) blood groups and vascular disease: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. J Thromb Haemost. 2008;6(1):62-9.
  • Paré G, Chasman DI, Kellogg M, Zee RY, Rifai N, Badola S, et al. Novel association of ABO histo-blood group antigen with soluble ICAM-1: results of a genome-wide association study of 6,578 women. PLoS Genet. 2008;4(7):e1000118.
  • Dai X. ABO blood group predisposes to COVID-19 severity and cardiovascular diseases. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2020;27(13):1436-7.

Kan Grupları COVID-19’a Karşı Koruyucu Mu?

Year 2021, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 160 - 167, 11.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.840276

Abstract

İlk ortaya çıktığı andan itibaren hızla yayılan ve pandemiye neden olan SARS-CoV-2 veya COVID-19 hastalığı, gün geçtikçe daha tehlikeli bir hale gelmiş ve geniş kitlelere bulaşarak birçok insanın ölümüne neden olmuştur. Küresel olarak tehlikeli seviyelere ulaşan vaka ve ölümlerin sayısı, bilim insanlarını bu enfeksiyonu daha yakından tanımaya ve önleyici ve tedavi edici yöntemleri araştırmaya itmiştir. The number of cases and deaths reaching dangerous levels globally have pushed scientists to get to know this infection more closely and to investigate preventive and therapeutic methods. Bu noktada bilim insanları, geçmiş enfeksiyöz hastalıkları araştırmalarına dayanarak bazı bireylerin bazı enfeksiyonlara daha duyarlı olduğunu keşfetmişlerdir. Önemli olarak, bu edinilen bilgiler ışığında geçtiğimiz yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarla enfeksiyöz hastalıklar ile kan grupları arasında bir ilişki olduğu saptanmış ve belirli kan gruplarına sahip bireylerin bu bulaşıcı hastalıklara daha duyarlı oldukları saptanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler kan grupları ile SARS-CoV-2 arasında bir ilişki olabileceğini düşündürmüş ve araştırmalar hastalığa karşı duyarlılığın hızlı bir şekilde belirlenmesi amacıyla bu yöne kaydırılmıştır. Nitekim Çin’in farklı bölgelerinde, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde, İtalya, İspanya ve Türkiye’deki hastanelerde SARS-CoV-19 hastalarının kan grupları ile bu hastalığa yakalanma ilişkileri araştırılmış ve kan gruplarının bu hastalığa yakalanmada etkisinin olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Bu ilişkinin keşfedilmesiyle birlikte insanlarda bulunan A, B, AB ve O kan gruplarının COVID-19 enfeksiyonuna duyarlılığın belirlenmesinde potansiyel bir biyobelirteç olabileceği araştırmalarda ortaya çıkmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalarda kan grubu A olan bireylerin COVID-19'a karşı artmış bir duyarlılığının olduğu ve kan grubu O olan bireylerin ise azalmış bir duyarlılığa sahip olduğu belirlendi. O kan grubuna sahip bireylerde COVID-19’a karşı görülen azalmış duyarlılığın ve A kan grubuna sahip bireylerde görülen artmış duyarlılığın nedeninin kanda bulunan A antikorundan kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir. A antikoruna sahip bireylerde bu antikor virus-hücre adezyonunu inhibe edebilmektedir. Bu nedenledir ki özellikle bu antikoru kanında taşımayan A kan grubuna sahip bireylerin COVID-19'dan korunması için kişisel koruyucu ekipman kullanmaları çok önemlidir. Bu derlemenin amacı COVID-19 ile kan grubu arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koyan çalışmaları bir araya getirmektir.

References

  • Cooling L. Blood Groups in Infection and Host Susceptibility. Clinical microbiology reviews. 2015;28(3):801-70.
  • Zeng X, Fan H, Lu D, Huang F, Meng X, Li Z, et al. Association between ABO blood groups and clinical outcome of coronavirus disease 2019: Evidence from two cohorts. medRxiv. 2020.
  • Dzik S. COVID-19 convalescent plasma: now is the time for better science. Transfus Med Rev. 2020.
  • Silva-Filho JC, de Melo CGF, de Oliveira JLJMH. The influence of ABO blood groups on COVID-19 susceptibility and severity: a molecular hypothesis based on carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions. 2020;144:110155.
  • Tirado SMC, Yoon K-J. Antibody-dependent enhancement of virus infection and disease. Viral Immunol. 2003;16(1):69-86.
  • Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. The Lancet. 2020;395(10223):507-13.
  • Zhao J, Yang Y, Huang H-P, Li D, Gu D-F, Lu X-F, et al. Relationship between the ABO Blood Group and the COVID-19 Susceptibility. medRxiv. 2020.
  • Li S-S, Zhou C-Y, Liao R, Xiong L, Weng N-N, Zhao Y-Q, et al. ABO blood type, smoking status, other risk factors and prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Medicine. 2020;99(14):e19413.
  • Davison GM, Hendrickse HL, Matsha TE. Do Blood Group Antigens and the Red Cell Membrane Influence Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection? Cells-Basel. 2020;9(4):845.
  • Liumbruno GM, Franchini M. Beyond immunohaematology: the role of the ABO blood group in human diseases. Blood Transfus-Italy. 2013;11(4):491.
  • He M, Wolpin B, Rexrode K, Manson JE, Rimm E, Hu FB, et al. ABO blood group and risk of coronary heart disease in two prospective cohort studies. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2012;32(9):2314-20.
  • Meo S, Rouq F, Suraya F, Zaidi S. Association of ABO and Rh blood groups with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2016;20(2):237-42.
  • Takayama W, Endo A, Koguchi H, Sugimoto M, Murata K, Otomo Y. The impact of blood type O on mortality of severe trauma patients: a retrospective observational study. Crit Care Med. 2018;22(1):100.
  • Gotsman I, Keren A, Zwas DR, Lotan C, Admon D. Clinical impact of ABO and rhesus D blood type groups in patients with chronic heart failure. The American journal of cardiology. 2018;122(3):413-9.
  • Shiratori F, Shimada H, Yajima S, Suzuki T, Oshima Y, Nanami T, et al. Relationship between ABO blood group and clinicopathological factors and their effect on the survival of Japanese patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Surgery today. 2017;47(8):959-65.
  • Rezoagli E, Gatti S, Villa S, Villa G, Muttini S, Rossi F, et al. ABO blood types and major outcomes in patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure: A multicenter retrospective cohort study. Plos One. 2018;13(10):e0206403.
  • Cheng Y, Cheng G, Chui C, Lau F, Chan PK, Ng MH, et al. ABO blood group and susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome. Jama Cardiol. 2005;293(12):1447-51.
  • Loscertales MP, Owens S, O'Donnell J, Bunn J, Bosch‐Capblanch X, Brabin BJ. ABO blood group phenotypes and Plasmodium falciparum malaria: unlocking a pivotal mechanism. Advances in parasitology. 2007;65:1-50.
  • Boren T, Falk P, Roth KA, Larson G, Normark S. Attachment of Helicobacter pylori to human gastric epithelium mediated by blood group antigens. Sci Educ-Netherlands. 1993;262(5141):1892-5.
  • Lindesmith L, Moe C, Marionneau S, Ruvoen N, Jiang X, Lindblad L, et al. Human susceptibility and resistance to Norwalk virus infection. Nat Med. 2003;9(5):548-53.
  • Wang DS, Chen DL, Ren C, Wang ZQ, Qiu MZ, Luo HY, et al. ABO blood group, hepatitis B viral infection and risk of pancreatic cancer. International journal of cancer. 2012;131(2):461-8.
  • Guillon P, Clément M, Sébille V, Rivain J-G, Chou C-F, Ruvoën-Clouet N, et al. Inhibition of the interaction between the SARS-CoV spike protein and its cellular receptor by anti-histo-blood group antibodies. Glycobiology. 2008;18(12):1085-93.
  • Zietz M, Tatonetti, P N. Testing the association between blood type and COVID-19 infection, intubation, and death. medRxiv. 2020.
  • Medicine SC-GGJNEJo. Genomewide association study of severe Covid-19 with respiratory failure. 2020;383(16):1522-34.
  • Wu B-B, Gu D-Z, Yu J-N, Yang J, Shen W-QJI, Genetics, Evolution. Association between ABO blood groups and COVID-19 infection, severity and demise: A systematic review and meta-analysis. 2020;84:104485.
  • Göker H, Karakulak EA, Demiroğlu H, Ceylan ÇMA, Büyükaşik Y, Inkaya AÇ, et al. The effects of blood group types on the risk of COVID-19 infection and its clinical outcome. 2020;50(4):679-83.
  • Zietz M, Zucker J, Tatonetti NPJNc. Associations between blood type and COVID-19 infection, intubation, and death. 2020;11(1):1-6.
  • Li J, Wang X, Chen J, Cai Y, Deng A, Yang M. Association between ABO blood groups and risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 pneumonia. Brit J Haematol. 2020.
  • Peng M, Huang S, Zhu S, Chen C, Qin J, He M, et al. Distribution of ABO blood groups and association to low risk of COVID-19 infection in patients. Translational Medicine. 2020.
  • Esref A, SOLMAZ I, AKKOC H, DONMEZDIL S, KARAHAN Z, Safak K, et al. Association Between the Rh Blood Group and the Covid-19 Susceptibility. Int J Hematol. 2020;30(2):081-6.
  • Lu R, Zhao X, Li J, Niu P, Yang B, Wu H, et al. Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding. The Lancet. 2020;395(10224):565-74.
  • Hoffmann M, Kleine-Weber H, Krüger N, Mueller MA, Drosten C, Pöhlmann S. The novel coronavirus 2019 (2019-nCoV) uses the SARS-coronavirus receptor ACE2 and the cellular protease TMPRSS2 for entry into target cells. BioRxiv. 2020.
  • Wan Y, Shang J, Graham R, Baric RS, Li F. Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus. J Virol. 2020;94(7).
  • Batool Z, Durrani SH, Tariq S. Association of ABO and Rh blood group types to hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV and Syphillis infection, a five year’experience in healthy blood donors in a tertiary care hospital. Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad. 2017;29(1):90-2.
  • Jing W, Zhao S, Liu J, Liu M. ABO blood groups and hepatitis B virus infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Bmj Open. 2020;10(1).
  • Gérard C, Maggipinto G, Minon JM. COVID‐19 & ABO blood group: another viewpoint. Brit J Haematol. 2020.
  • Wu O, Bayoumi N, Vickers M, Clark P. ABO (H) blood groups and vascular disease: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. J Thromb Haemost. 2008;6(1):62-9.
  • Paré G, Chasman DI, Kellogg M, Zee RY, Rifai N, Badola S, et al. Novel association of ABO histo-blood group antigen with soluble ICAM-1: results of a genome-wide association study of 6,578 women. PLoS Genet. 2008;4(7):e1000118.
  • Dai X. ABO blood group predisposes to COVID-19 severity and cardiovascular diseases. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2020;27(13):1436-7.
There are 39 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Reviews
Authors

Özge Beyazçiçek 0000-0002-8617-4380

Ersin Beyazçiçek 0000-0002-6817-4512

Serif Demir 0000-0002-0305-5758

Publication Date March 11, 2021
Acceptance Date February 25, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 13 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Beyazçiçek, Ö., Beyazçiçek, E., & Demir, S. (2021). Are Blood Groups Protective Against COVID-19?. Konuralp Medical Journal, 13(1), 160-167. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.840276
AMA Beyazçiçek Ö, Beyazçiçek E, Demir S. Are Blood Groups Protective Against COVID-19?. Konuralp Medical Journal. March 2021;13(1):160-167. doi:10.18521/ktd.840276
Chicago Beyazçiçek, Özge, Ersin Beyazçiçek, and Serif Demir. “Are Blood Groups Protective Against COVID-19?”. Konuralp Medical Journal 13, no. 1 (March 2021): 160-67. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.840276.
EndNote Beyazçiçek Ö, Beyazçiçek E, Demir S (March 1, 2021) Are Blood Groups Protective Against COVID-19?. Konuralp Medical Journal 13 1 160–167.
IEEE Ö. Beyazçiçek, E. Beyazçiçek, and S. Demir, “Are Blood Groups Protective Against COVID-19?”, Konuralp Medical Journal, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 160–167, 2021, doi: 10.18521/ktd.840276.
ISNAD Beyazçiçek, Özge et al. “Are Blood Groups Protective Against COVID-19?”. Konuralp Medical Journal 13/1 (March 2021), 160-167. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.840276.
JAMA Beyazçiçek Ö, Beyazçiçek E, Demir S. Are Blood Groups Protective Against COVID-19?. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2021;13:160–167.
MLA Beyazçiçek, Özge et al. “Are Blood Groups Protective Against COVID-19?”. Konuralp Medical Journal, vol. 13, no. 1, 2021, pp. 160-7, doi:10.18521/ktd.840276.
Vancouver Beyazçiçek Ö, Beyazçiçek E, Demir S. Are Blood Groups Protective Against COVID-19?. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2021;13(1):160-7.