Improving the Knowledge, Skill, and Attitudes of Medical Faculty Students on the Breast Cancer

Year 2024, Volume: 16 Issue: 2, 168 - 173, 30.06.2024

Aslı Türközen Erdoğan Yeşim Şenol

https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1471571

Abstract

Objective: In this study, it was aimed for third-year medical school students to improve their knowledge, examination skills and attitudes about breast cancer, and to experience the skills of taking a disease history, communicating effectively and giving bad news.
Method: The present study was carried out with 406 3rd-year medical faculty students from Akdeniz University and a semi-experimental method was employed. The content of implementation consists of improving the students’ skills in receiving disease history from the patient and “clinical breast examination” on breast model, as well as informing the patient about the examination findings. Before the application, all students were given theoretical information about the subject and practiced with a learning guide on clinical breast examination. The pretest-posttest results of surveys received from the participating students and the standardized patient practice feedback form were analyzed.
Result: Examining the surveys conducted before and after the implementation with 406 students, it was found that the students learned what the risk factors related with breast cancer are and they could question them while receiving the patient history (p<0.05). Their ability to perform breast examination was improved and they could detect the lump in breast (p<0.05). They gained experience about informing the patients and referring them to the departments related with preliminary diagnosis of breast cancer, as well as giving bad news (p<0.05).
Conclusion: With a suitable scenario and planned educations, “Standardized Patient Practice” can be successfully used in preclinical educations.

Keywords

breast examination, breast cancer, simulation applications, standardized patient, feedback

Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Meme Kanserine İlişkin Bilgi, Beceri Ve Tutumlarının Geliştirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada tıp fakültesi dönem üç öğrencilerinin meme kanseri ile ilgili bilgi, muayene becerisi ve tutum düzeylerini geliştirmeleri ayrıca hastalık hikayesi alma, etkili iletişim kurma ve kötü haber verme becerisini deneyimlemeleri amaçlanmıştır.
Metod: Çalışma Akdeniz Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesindeki 406 dönem üç öğrencisi ile yapılmış, yarı deneysel bir yöntem uygulanmıştır. Uygulamanın içeriği standart hastadan hastalık hikayesi alma ve meme maketi üzerinde “klinik meme muayene” becerisinin geliştirme ve muayene sonucunun hastaya bilgi verilmesinden oluşmaktadır. Uygulama öncesi tüm öğrencilere konu hakkında teorik bilgi verilmiş ve klinik meme muayenesi konusunda öğrenim rehberiyle uygulama yaptırılmıştır. Uygulamalara katılan öğrencilerden alınan anketlerin öntest- sontest sonuçları ve standart hasta uygulaması geribildirim formu değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan 406 öğrenciye uygulama öncesinde ve sonrasında uygulanan anketler değerlendirildiğinde, öğrenciler meme kanseri ile ilgili risk faktörlerinin neler olduğunu öğrenmiş ve hasta hikayesi alırken bunları sorgulayabildikleri belirlendi. (p<0,05). Meme muayenesi yapma becerisini geliştirmiş ve memede kitle varlığını saptayabilmişlerdir (p<0,05). Hastalara bilgilendirme ve meme kanseri ön tanısı ile ilgili branşlara yönlendirme yaparak kötü haber verme becerisi deneyimi kazandılar. (p<0,05).
Sonuç: Uygun bir senaryo ve planlı eğitimlerle “Standart Hasta Uygulamaları” klinik öncesi dönem eğitimlerinde başarıyla kullanılabilir.

Keywords

meme muayenesi, meme kanseri, simülasyon uygulamaları, standart hasta

References

• 1. Ghoncheh M, Pournamdar Z, Salehiniya H. Incidence and Mortality and Epidemiology of Breast Cancer in the World. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2016;17 (3):43-6.
• 2. T. C Public Health Agency of Turkey Ministry of Health. Turkey Cancer Statistics. [cited 2024 Apr 20]. Available from: https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/depo/birimler/kanser-db/Dokumanlar/Istatistikler/2014-RAPOR._uzuuun.pdf
• 3. Özkan S, Keskinkılıç B, Gültekin M, Karaca AS, Öztürk C, Boztaş G, et al. National Cancer Control Plan 2013-2018 [Internet]. T. C Ministry of Health Public Health Agency of Turkey. 2018: 42-47. [cited 2024 Apr 20]. Available from: https://www.iccp-portal.org/system/files/plans/Ulusal_Kanser_Kontrol_Plani_2013_2018.pdf
• 4. Utkan NZ. Breast Cancer. In: Turkish Surgical Society Summer School Proficiency Course Notes [Internet]. Ed: Özçelik MF. Turkish Surgery Association Publications. Ankara (Turkey); 2018: 298-313. [cited 2024 Apr 20]. Available from: https://www.turkcer.org.tr/files/publications/93/92df9b069dd3392e431da026cb3701e7.pdf
• 5. Thompson PA, Lopez AM, Stopeck A. Breast Cancer Prevention. In: Alberts DS, Hess LM, editors. Fundamentals of Cancer Prevention. Springer, Ltd; 2005. p. 255-76.
• 6. Açıkgöz A, Çehreli R, Ellidokuz H. Determination of Knowledge and Behavior of Women Working at a Hospital on Breast Cancer Early Detection Methods, and Investigation of Efficiency of Planned Education. J Breast Health. 2015;11(1):31-8.
• 7. Gülpınar MA, Gürpınar E, Songur A, Vitrinel A. National Core Education Program for Pre-Graduate Medical Education ‐ 2014 [Internet]. Turkey National Core Curriculum, 2014: 84. [cited 2024 Apr 20]. Available from: http://www.ktu.edu.tr/dosyalar/medtip_752c6.pdf
• 8. Cooke M, Irby DM, O'brien BC. Educating physicians: a call for reform of medical school and residency. John Wiley and Sons; 2010.
• 9. Triola M, Feldman H, Kalet AL, Zabar S, Kachur EK, Gillespie C, et al. Randomized trial of teaching clinical skills using virtual and live standardized patients. Journal of General Internal Medicine. 2006;21(5):424-29.
• 10. Aslan A, Temiz M, Yiğit Y, Can R, Canbolant E, Yiğit F. The Knowledge Attitude and Behaviors of Nursery Students about Breast Cancer. TAF Prev Med Bull. 2007;6(3):193-8.
• 11. Seidel AK, Schetzina KE, Freeman SC, Coulter MM, Colgrove NJ. Comparison of Breast-Feeding Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs Before and After Educational Intervention for Rural Appalachian High School Students. South Med J. 2013;106(3):224-29.
• 12. Karayurt Ö, Coşkun A, Cerit K. Nurses’ Beliefs About Breast Cancer and Breast Self-Examination and Their Breast Self-Examination Performance. The Journal of Breast Health. 2008;4(1):15-20. 13. Moustafa DG, Abd-Allah ES, Taha NM. Effect of a Breast-Self Examination (BSE) Educational Intervention among Female University Students. American Journal of Nursing Science. 2015;4(4):159-65.
• 14. World Health Organization. Cancer [Internet]. [cited 2024 Apr 20]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cancer
• 15. World Health Organization. Breast Cancer [Internet]. [cited 2024 Apr 20]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/breast-cancer#:~:text=Breast%20cancer%20is%20a%20disease,producing%20lobules%20of%20the%20breast
• 16. İlhan N, Çöl AG, Tanboğa E, Şengül A, Batmaz M. Behavior of College Students in Health Related Departments Towards Early Diagnosis of Breast Cancer. J Breast Health. 2014;10(3):147-53.
• 17. Göçgeldi E, Açıkel CH, Hasde M. Investigation of Attitudes and Behaviors of a Group of Women who Reside at in Ankara Gölbaşı on Self-Breast Examination. Fırat Tıp Dergisi. 2008;13(4):261-65.
• 18. Yıldırım AD, Özaydın AN. Sources of Breast Cancer Knowledge of Women Living in Moda / İstanbul and Their Attendance to Breast Cancer Screening. J Breast Health. 2014;10(1):47-56.
• 19. İtilli Ö. Evaluation of behavior of women on breast self-examination and mammography, breast ultrasonography results at our hospital [medical specialization thesis]. Dr. Lütfi Kırdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital Family Medicine Department; 2009 Mentor: [Op. Dr. Cem Fazlı Gezgen]
• 20. Uzun Ö, Karabulut N, Karaman Z. Knowledge and practice of nursing students on breast self-examination. Journal of Atatürk University Nursing School. 2004;7(1):33-41.
• 21. Maurer F. A peer education model for teaching breast self– examination to undergraduate college woman. Cancer Nursing. 1997;20(1):49-61.
• 22. Malak AT, Dicle A. Assessing the efficacy of a Peer Education Model in teaching Breast self-examination to university students. Asian Pasific J Cancer Preven. 2007;8(4):481-4.
• 23. American Cancer Society. Breast Cancer Facts & Figures 2019-2020. [Internet]. Atlanta: American Cancer Society, Inc. 2019. [cited 2024 Apr 20]. Available from: https://www.cancer.org/content/dam/cancer-org/research/cancer-facts-and-statistics/breast-cancer-facts-and-figures/breast-cancer-facts-and-figures-2019-2020.pdf
• 24. Aygın D, Uludağ C, Şahin S. Evaluation of information, attitudes and behaviors of young people about breast cancer and breast self-examination. Journal of Nursing Forum. 2004;7(4):1-6.