Araştırma Makalesi
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Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Egzersiz Konulu Çevrimiçi Bilgilerin İçeriğinin, Kalitesinin ve Okunabilirliğinin Araştırılması

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 69 - 81, 30.04.2025

Yasin Ali Cimen

https://doi.org/10.59244/ktokusbd.1622151

Öz

Amaç: Kardiyovasküler hastalıklar (KVH) toplumda önde gelen ölüm nedenidir. KVH için kesin bir tedavi olmasa da egzersiz KVH'nin ilerlemesini ve komplikasyonlarını azaltabilir. Teknolojik gelişmelerle birlikte bireylerin internet üzerinden KVH ve egzersiz hakkında bilgiye erişimi artmaktadır. İnternet bilgilerinin doğruluğu ve güvenilirliği önem kazanmaktadır. Çalışmamızın amacı KVH egzersizleri hakkındaki çevrimiçi bilgilerin içeriğini, kalitesini ve okunabilirliğini değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: 12 Ocak 2025'te Google'da kardiyovasküler hastalıklarda egzersiz anlamına gelen Türkçe 'kardiyovasküler hastalıklarda egzersiz' anahtar kelimesiyle arama yapıldı. 39 web sitesi belirlendi. Web siteleri sahiplerine göre hastane, klinik, sağlık sayfaları, tıp doktoru ve genel olmak üzere beş kategoriye ayrıldı. Web sitelerinin güvenilirliği ve kalitesi Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) ve DISCERN puanları kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Okunabilirlik düzeyi Atesman skorlaması kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Sonuçlar: Bu platformlardaki çevrimiçi bilgiler JAMA puanlamasına göre genel olarak orta düzeyde güvenilirdi ve kategoriler arasında anlamlı bir fark yoktu (p>0,05). Sayfalar DISCERN puanlamasına göre genel olarak iyi kalitedeydi ve kategoriler arasında anlamlı bir fark yoktu (p>0,05). Atesman puanlamasına göre okunabilirlik düzeyleri orta düzeyde zorluktaydı ve kategoriler arasında anlamlı bir fark yoktu (p>0,05).
Sonuç: Kardiyovasküler hastalıklarda egzersizle ilgili web sitelerinin içerikleri okunabilirlik, kalite ve güvenilirlik açısından iyileştirilmeli ve yetkin kişiler tarafından hazırlanmalıdır. Ayrıca bu konuda bir kontrol mekanizması ve standardizasyon oluşturulmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

egzersiz internet kalite kardiyovasküler hastalıklar okunabilirlik

Etik Beyan

Çalışmamız kesitsel bir çalışma olarak tasarlanmıştır. Bu çalışma, kamuya açık çevrimiçi içeriğin analizine dayandığı ve betimleyici bir içerik analizi yöntemi kullandığı için etik onay gerektirmemektedir. Ancak etik araştırma ilkelerine uygun olarak yürütülmüştür.

Kaynakça

  • Altun, B., Arici, M., Nergizoglu, G., Derici, U., Karatan, O., Turgan, C., Sindel, S., Erbay, B., Hasanoglu, E., & Caglar, S. (2005). Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Turkey (the PatenT study) in 2003. J. Hypertens., 23(10), 1817-1823. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.hjh.0000176789.89505.59
  • Atesman, E. (1997). Türkçede okunabilirliğin ölçülmesi. Dil Dergisi, 58(71-74).
  • Bressler, J., Knopman, D. S., Sharrett, A. R., Gottesman, R. F., Penman, A., Chang, P. P., Rosamond, W. D., Boerwinkle, E., & Mosley, T. H. (2017). Incident heart failure and cognitive decline: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. J. Card. Fail., 23(1), 47-55.
  • Briffa, T. G., Kinsman, L., Maiorana, A. J., Zecchin, R., Redfern, J., Davidson, P. M., Paull, G., Nagle, A., & Denniss, A. R. (2009). An integrated and coordinated approach to preventing recurrent coronary heart disease events in Australia. MJA, 190(12), 683.
  • Bujnowska-Fedak, M. M., & Węgierek, P. (2020). The impact of online health information on patient health behaviours and making decisions concerning health. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17(3), 880. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030880
  • Charnock, D., Shepperd, S., Needham, G., & Gann, R. (1999). DISCERN: an instrument for judging the quality of written consumer health information on treatment choices. JECH, 53(2), 105-111. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.53.2.105
  • Contador, I., Del Ser, T., Llamas, S., Villarejo, A., Benito-León, J., & Bermejo-Pareja, F. (2017). Impact of literacy and years of education on the diagnosis of dementia: A population-based study. J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol., 39(2), 112-119. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2016.1204992
  • Cuan-Baltazar, J. Y., Muñoz-Perez, M. J., Robledo-Vega, C., Pérez-Zepeda, M. F., & Soto-Vega, E. (2020). Misinformation of COVID-19 on the internet: infodemiology study. JPHS, 6(2), e18444. https://doi.org/10.2196/18444
  • Dogan, B. (2015). Okuma ve görsel okumanın bir metnin ana düşüncesini bulma ile metni analiz etme üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi. EÜSBED, 9(2), 67-84.
  • Gottesman, R. F., Albert, M. S., Alonso, A., Coker, L. H., Coresh, J., Davis, S. M., Deal, J. A., McKhann, G. M., Mosley, T. H., & Sharrett, A. R. (2017). Associations between midlife vascular risk factors and 25-year incident dementia in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort. JAMA neurology, 74(10), 1246-1254. https://doi.org/doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.1658
  • Gottesman, R. F., Schneider, A. L., Albert, M., Alonso, A., Bandeen-Roche, K., Coker, L., Coresh, J., Knopman, D., Power, M. C., & Rawlings, A. (2014). Midlife hypertension and 20-year cognitive change: the atherosclerosis risk in communities neurocognitive study. JAMA neurology, 71(10), 1218-1227. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.1646
  • Jackson, R. H., Davis, T. C., Bairnsfather, L. E., George, R. B., Crouch, M. A., & Gault, H. (1991). Patient reading ability: an overlooked problem in health care. South. Med. J., 84(10), 1172-1175. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1097/00007611-199110000-00004
  • Johansen, M. C., Langton-Frost, N., & Gottesman, R. F. (2020). The role of cardiovascular disease in cognitive impairment. Curr. Geriatr. Rep., 9(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s13670-020-00309-7
  • Kalyoncu, R., & Memis, M. (2024). Türkçe İçin Oluşturulmuş Okunabilirlik Formüllerinin Karşılaştırılması ve Tutarlılık Sorgusu. Ana Dili Eğitimi Dergisi, 12(2), 417-436. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.16916/aded.1434650
  • Kayikcioglu, M., & Oto, A. (2020). Control and management of cardiovascular disease in Turkey. Circ., 141(1), 7-9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1161/Circulationha.119.037606
  • Keskin, T., Ergan, M., Ünüvar, B. S., & Başkurt, Z. (2024). Yaşlilarda egzersiz ile ilgili türkçe web sitelerinin okunabilirlik, güvenirlik ve kalite açisindan değerlendirilmesi. spormetre, 22(4), 63-72. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.1472811
  • Noble, K., Glosser, G., & Grossman, M. (2000). Oral reading in dementia. BRAIN LANG, 74(1), 48-69. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1006/brln.2000.2330
  • Otu, M., & Karagozoglu, S. (2022). Investigating the Websites in Turkey that Providing Information on Fibromyalgia Syndrome by Readability, Content and Quality. Turk J Osteoporos., 28(1), 19. https://doi.org/10.4274/tod.galenos.2021.75508
  • Ozduran, E. (2022). “Bel Ağrısı” ile İlgili Türkçe İnternet Kaynaklı Hasta Eğitim Materyallerinin Okunabilirliklerinin Değerlendirilmesi. Journal of DEU Medical Faculty, 36(2), 135-150. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18614/deutip.1174522
  • Ozturk, T. (2021). Üniversitelere ait internet web sitelerinin ortodonti hastaları için sağladığı bilgi kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi. Selcuk Dent J, 8 (1), 106-112.
  • Perez-Terzic, C. M. (2012). Exercise in cardiovascular diseases. PM&R, 4(11), 867-873. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2012.10.003
  • Pirincci, C. S., & Cihan, E. (2024). Türkiye’de Yapılan Lenfödem Konulu Tezlerin Bibliyometrik Analizi. İzmir democr. univ. health sci. j., 7(1), 101-108.
  • Powell, J., & Clarke, A. (2006). Internet information-seeking in mental health: population survey. BJPsych, 189(3), 273-277. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.105.017319
  • Roffi, M., Patrono, C., Collet, J.-P., Mueller, C., Valgimigli, M., Andreotti, F., Bax, J., Borger, M., Brotons, C., & Chew, D. (2016). ESC Scientific Document Group. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation: Task Force for the Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Patients Presenting without Persistent ST-Segment Elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J, 37(3), 267-315.
  • Roth, G. A., Abate, D., Abate, K. H., Abay, S. M., Abbafati, C., Abbasi, N., Abbastabar, H., Abd-Allah, F., Abdela, J., & Abdelalim, A. (2018). Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. The lancet, 392(10159), 1736-1788.
  • Silberg, W. M., Lundberg, G. D., & Musacchio, R. A. (1997). Assessing, controlling, and assuring the quality of medical information on the Internet: Caveant lector et viewor—Let the reader and viewer beware. Jama, 277(15), 1244-1245.
  • StatCounter, G. (2019). Search engine market worldwide.
  • Tian, D., & Meng, J. (2019). Exercise for prevention and relief of cardiovascular disease: prognoses, mechanisms, and approaches. Oxidative Med. Cell. Longev., 2019(1), 3756750. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3756750
  • Tighe, S. A., Ball, K., Kayser, L., Kensing, F., & Maddison, R. (2022). Qualitative study of the views of people living with cardiovascular disease, and healthcare professionals, towards the use of a digital platform to support cardiovascular disease self-management. BMJ open, 12(11), e056768. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056768
  • Unuvar, B. S., Aydemir, B., & Aydemir, F. (2024). Vestibüler Rehabilitasyon Başlıklı Lisansüstü Tezlerin Nitel ve Nicel İçerik Analizi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(4), 1818-1828.
  • Unuvar, B. S., & Ozmen, E. E. (2023). Examining the Content, Quality, and Readability of Online Information on Exercise for Temporomandibular Joint Pain. SDU Journal of Health Sciences, 14(3), 395-405. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22312/sdusbed.1377114
  • Vanhees, L., Geladas, N., Hansen, D., Kouidi, E., Niebauer, J., Reiner, Ž., Cornelissen, V., Adamopoulos, S., Prescott, E., & Börjesson, M. (2012). Importance of characteristics and modalities of physical activity and exercise in the management of cardiovascular health in individuals with cardiovascular risk factors: recommendations from the EACPR (Part II). Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol., 19(5), 1005-1033. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/17418267114309
  • Yılancı, H. Ö., Akkaya, N., & Akçiçek, G. (2023). Oral ülser ve rekürrent aftöz stomatit ile ilgili Türkçe internet sitelerindeki hasta bilgilendirme metinlerinin içerik kalitesi ve okunabilirliği. ADO Klinik Bilimler Dergisi, 12(2), 266-272.
  • Yong, J., Lin, D., & Tan, X.-R. (2017). Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in older adults in China. World J Clin Cases, 5(9), 349. https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v5.i9.349
  • Yusuf, S., Hawken, S., Ôunpuu, S., Dans, T., Avezum, A., Lanas, F., McQueen, M., Budaj, A., Pais, P., & Varigos, J. (2004). Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. The lancet, 364(9438), 937-952. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17018-9

Investigation of the Content, Quality and Readability of Online Information on Exercise in Cardiovascular Diseases

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 69 - 81, 30.04.2025

Yasin Ali Cimen

https://doi.org/10.59244/ktokusbd.1622151

Öz

Objective: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death in the population. Although there is no definitive treatment for CVD, exercise may reduce the progression and complications of CVD. With technological developments, individuals accessing information about CVD and exercise from the internet is increasing. The accuracy and reliability of internet information is gaining importance. The aim of our study was to evaluate the content, quality and readability of online information on CVD exercises.
Materials and Methods: On 12 January 2025, Google was searched with the Turkish keyword ‘kardiyovasküler hastalıklarda egzersiz’, which means exercise in cardiovascular diseases. 39 websites were identified. Websites were categorised into five according to their owners: hospital, clinic, health pages, medical doctor and general. The reliability and quality of the websites were assessed using the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) and DISCERN scores, and readability was assessed using the Atesman score.
Results: Online information on these platforms was generally moderately reliable according to JAMA scoring, with no significant difference between categories (p>0.05). Pages were generally of good quality according to DISCERN scoring, with no significant difference between categories (p>0.05). According to Atesman scoring, readability levels were of moderate difficulty and there was no significant difference between the categories (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The content of websites related to exercise in cardiovascular diseases should be improved in terms of readability, quality and reliability and should be prepared by competent people. In addition, a control mechanism and standardization should be established in this regard.

Anahtar Kelimeler

cardiovascular diseases exercise internet quality readability

Etik Beyan

Our study was designed as a cross-sectional study. This study does not require ethical approval as it is based on the analysis of publicly available online content and uses a descriptive content analysis method. However, it was conducted in accordance with ethical research principles.

Kaynakça

  • Altun, B., Arici, M., Nergizoglu, G., Derici, U., Karatan, O., Turgan, C., Sindel, S., Erbay, B., Hasanoglu, E., & Caglar, S. (2005). Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Turkey (the PatenT study) in 2003. J. Hypertens., 23(10), 1817-1823. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.hjh.0000176789.89505.59
  • Atesman, E. (1997). Türkçede okunabilirliğin ölçülmesi. Dil Dergisi, 58(71-74).
  • Bressler, J., Knopman, D. S., Sharrett, A. R., Gottesman, R. F., Penman, A., Chang, P. P., Rosamond, W. D., Boerwinkle, E., & Mosley, T. H. (2017). Incident heart failure and cognitive decline: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. J. Card. Fail., 23(1), 47-55.
  • Briffa, T. G., Kinsman, L., Maiorana, A. J., Zecchin, R., Redfern, J., Davidson, P. M., Paull, G., Nagle, A., & Denniss, A. R. (2009). An integrated and coordinated approach to preventing recurrent coronary heart disease events in Australia. MJA, 190(12), 683.
  • Bujnowska-Fedak, M. M., & Węgierek, P. (2020). The impact of online health information on patient health behaviours and making decisions concerning health. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17(3), 880. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030880
  • Charnock, D., Shepperd, S., Needham, G., & Gann, R. (1999). DISCERN: an instrument for judging the quality of written consumer health information on treatment choices. JECH, 53(2), 105-111. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.53.2.105
  • Contador, I., Del Ser, T., Llamas, S., Villarejo, A., Benito-León, J., & Bermejo-Pareja, F. (2017). Impact of literacy and years of education on the diagnosis of dementia: A population-based study. J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol., 39(2), 112-119. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2016.1204992
  • Cuan-Baltazar, J. Y., Muñoz-Perez, M. J., Robledo-Vega, C., Pérez-Zepeda, M. F., & Soto-Vega, E. (2020). Misinformation of COVID-19 on the internet: infodemiology study. JPHS, 6(2), e18444. https://doi.org/10.2196/18444
  • Dogan, B. (2015). Okuma ve görsel okumanın bir metnin ana düşüncesini bulma ile metni analiz etme üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi. EÜSBED, 9(2), 67-84.
  • Gottesman, R. F., Albert, M. S., Alonso, A., Coker, L. H., Coresh, J., Davis, S. M., Deal, J. A., McKhann, G. M., Mosley, T. H., & Sharrett, A. R. (2017). Associations between midlife vascular risk factors and 25-year incident dementia in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort. JAMA neurology, 74(10), 1246-1254. https://doi.org/doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.1658
  • Gottesman, R. F., Schneider, A. L., Albert, M., Alonso, A., Bandeen-Roche, K., Coker, L., Coresh, J., Knopman, D., Power, M. C., & Rawlings, A. (2014). Midlife hypertension and 20-year cognitive change: the atherosclerosis risk in communities neurocognitive study. JAMA neurology, 71(10), 1218-1227. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.1646
  • Jackson, R. H., Davis, T. C., Bairnsfather, L. E., George, R. B., Crouch, M. A., & Gault, H. (1991). Patient reading ability: an overlooked problem in health care. South. Med. J., 84(10), 1172-1175. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1097/00007611-199110000-00004
  • Johansen, M. C., Langton-Frost, N., & Gottesman, R. F. (2020). The role of cardiovascular disease in cognitive impairment. Curr. Geriatr. Rep., 9(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s13670-020-00309-7
  • Kalyoncu, R., & Memis, M. (2024). Türkçe İçin Oluşturulmuş Okunabilirlik Formüllerinin Karşılaştırılması ve Tutarlılık Sorgusu. Ana Dili Eğitimi Dergisi, 12(2), 417-436. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.16916/aded.1434650
  • Kayikcioglu, M., & Oto, A. (2020). Control and management of cardiovascular disease in Turkey. Circ., 141(1), 7-9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1161/Circulationha.119.037606
  • Keskin, T., Ergan, M., Ünüvar, B. S., & Başkurt, Z. (2024). Yaşlilarda egzersiz ile ilgili türkçe web sitelerinin okunabilirlik, güvenirlik ve kalite açisindan değerlendirilmesi. spormetre, 22(4), 63-72. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.1472811
  • Noble, K., Glosser, G., & Grossman, M. (2000). Oral reading in dementia. BRAIN LANG, 74(1), 48-69. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1006/brln.2000.2330
  • Otu, M., & Karagozoglu, S. (2022). Investigating the Websites in Turkey that Providing Information on Fibromyalgia Syndrome by Readability, Content and Quality. Turk J Osteoporos., 28(1), 19. https://doi.org/10.4274/tod.galenos.2021.75508
  • Ozduran, E. (2022). “Bel Ağrısı” ile İlgili Türkçe İnternet Kaynaklı Hasta Eğitim Materyallerinin Okunabilirliklerinin Değerlendirilmesi. Journal of DEU Medical Faculty, 36(2), 135-150. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18614/deutip.1174522
  • Ozturk, T. (2021). Üniversitelere ait internet web sitelerinin ortodonti hastaları için sağladığı bilgi kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi. Selcuk Dent J, 8 (1), 106-112.
  • Perez-Terzic, C. M. (2012). Exercise in cardiovascular diseases. PM&R, 4(11), 867-873. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2012.10.003
  • Pirincci, C. S., & Cihan, E. (2024). Türkiye’de Yapılan Lenfödem Konulu Tezlerin Bibliyometrik Analizi. İzmir democr. univ. health sci. j., 7(1), 101-108.
  • Powell, J., & Clarke, A. (2006). Internet information-seeking in mental health: population survey. BJPsych, 189(3), 273-277. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.105.017319
  • Roffi, M., Patrono, C., Collet, J.-P., Mueller, C., Valgimigli, M., Andreotti, F., Bax, J., Borger, M., Brotons, C., & Chew, D. (2016). ESC Scientific Document Group. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation: Task Force for the Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Patients Presenting without Persistent ST-Segment Elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J, 37(3), 267-315.
  • Roth, G. A., Abate, D., Abate, K. H., Abay, S. M., Abbafati, C., Abbasi, N., Abbastabar, H., Abd-Allah, F., Abdela, J., & Abdelalim, A. (2018). Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. The lancet, 392(10159), 1736-1788.
  • Silberg, W. M., Lundberg, G. D., & Musacchio, R. A. (1997). Assessing, controlling, and assuring the quality of medical information on the Internet: Caveant lector et viewor—Let the reader and viewer beware. Jama, 277(15), 1244-1245.
  • StatCounter, G. (2019). Search engine market worldwide.
  • Tian, D., & Meng, J. (2019). Exercise for prevention and relief of cardiovascular disease: prognoses, mechanisms, and approaches. Oxidative Med. Cell. Longev., 2019(1), 3756750. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3756750
  • Tighe, S. A., Ball, K., Kayser, L., Kensing, F., & Maddison, R. (2022). Qualitative study of the views of people living with cardiovascular disease, and healthcare professionals, towards the use of a digital platform to support cardiovascular disease self-management. BMJ open, 12(11), e056768. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056768
  • Unuvar, B. S., Aydemir, B., & Aydemir, F. (2024). Vestibüler Rehabilitasyon Başlıklı Lisansüstü Tezlerin Nitel ve Nicel İçerik Analizi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(4), 1818-1828.
  • Unuvar, B. S., & Ozmen, E. E. (2023). Examining the Content, Quality, and Readability of Online Information on Exercise for Temporomandibular Joint Pain. SDU Journal of Health Sciences, 14(3), 395-405. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22312/sdusbed.1377114
  • Vanhees, L., Geladas, N., Hansen, D., Kouidi, E., Niebauer, J., Reiner, Ž., Cornelissen, V., Adamopoulos, S., Prescott, E., & Börjesson, M. (2012). Importance of characteristics and modalities of physical activity and exercise in the management of cardiovascular health in individuals with cardiovascular risk factors: recommendations from the EACPR (Part II). Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol., 19(5), 1005-1033. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/17418267114309
  • Yılancı, H. Ö., Akkaya, N., & Akçiçek, G. (2023). Oral ülser ve rekürrent aftöz stomatit ile ilgili Türkçe internet sitelerindeki hasta bilgilendirme metinlerinin içerik kalitesi ve okunabilirliği. ADO Klinik Bilimler Dergisi, 12(2), 266-272.
  • Yong, J., Lin, D., & Tan, X.-R. (2017). Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in older adults in China. World J Clin Cases, 5(9), 349. https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v5.i9.349
  • Yusuf, S., Hawken, S., Ôunpuu, S., Dans, T., Avezum, A., Lanas, F., McQueen, M., Budaj, A., Pais, P., & Varigos, J. (2004). Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. The lancet, 364(9438), 937-952. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17018-9
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri (Diğer), Fizyoterapi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Yasin Ali Cimen 0000-0002-8787-3108

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Ocak 2025
Kabul Tarihi 4 Mart 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Cimen, Y. A. (2025). Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Egzersiz Konulu Çevrimiçi Bilgilerin İçeriğinin, Kalitesinin ve Okunabilirliğinin Araştırılması. KTO Karatay Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(1), 69-81. https://doi.org/10.59244/ktokusbd.1622151
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