Research Article

Madness and the Fractured Psyche in Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s The Yellow Wallpaper

Number: 27 December 10, 2025
EN TR

Madness and the Fractured Psyche in Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s The Yellow Wallpaper

Abstract

Framed through Freudian and Lacanian psychoanalysis, The Yellow Wallpaper reveals madness as both fracture and form, exposing a paradoxical state where repression and resistance coexist. The narrator’s psychological disintegration, catalyzed by enforced silence and infantilization, transforms into an act of symbolic rebellion. The yellow wallpaper becomes a psychic mirror, reflecting not only internal conflict but also an unconscious strategy of survival. Freud’s concept of repression unveils how language, or its absence, distorts emotion into obsession. Lacan’s theory of the split subject locates the narrator’s crisis in the unstable space between desire and identity, a conflict shaped by the collision of the Imaginary and the Symbolic. Narrator’s fixation on the trapped woman and her eventual identification with her suggests a failed attempt to bridge this gap. What begins as a slow mental collapse becomes a desperate quest for coherence within a system that denies her agency. In this analysis, madness is explored as not simply pathology but a language of the silenced, a final, fractured means of self-assertion. This paper aims to examine how The Yellow Wallpaper illustrates the coexistence of repression and resistance through psychoanalytic concepts of the unconscious, to posit how madness operates as a fractured form of subjectivity and symbolic expression.

Keywords

Charlotte Perkins Gilman, psychoanalysis, madness, repression, female agency

References

  1. Billig, Michael (1999). Freudian Repression: Conversation Creating the Unconscious. Cambridge University Press.
  2. Eigen, Michael (2018). The Psychotic Core. Taylor and Francis.
  3. Evans, Dylan (1996). An Introductory Dictionary of Lacanian Psychoanalysis. Routledge.
  4. Fatima, Rameen (2024). “The Intersection of Feminist Psychoanalysis and Literature: A Critical Examination of Sylvia Plath’s The Bell Jar and Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s ‘The Yellow Wallpaper’”. Journal of Excellence in Social Sciences, 4(1): 12–23.
  5. Gilman, Charlotte Perkins (1990). The Living of Charlotte Perkins Gilman. The University of Wisconsin Press. [Originally published in 1935].
  6. Hale, Nathan G. (1971) Freud and the Americans: The Beginning of Psychoanalysis in the United States 1876-1917. Oxford.
  7. Hendrix, John S. (2019). The Other of Jacques Lacan. https://docs.rwu.edu/ saahp_fp/47 (Accessed 19 Dec. 2024).
  8. Kapuni-Reynolds, Halena (2009). “Sickly Yellow: Freedom and Confinement in The Yellow Wallpaper”. Hohonu: A Journal of Academic Writing, 7. University of Hawaii at Hilo.
  9. Knight, Denise D. (2006). “‘I am Getting Angry Enough to Do Something Desperate’: The Question of Female ‘Madness’”. The Yellow Wall-Paper: A Dual Text Critical Edition. Ed. Shawn St. Jean. Ohio University Press, 73–87.
  10. Laing, R. D. (1967). The Politics of Experience. Pantheon Books.
APA
Mızrak, B. S. (2025). Madness and the Fractured Psyche in Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s The Yellow Wallpaper. Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi, 27, 27-40. https://doi.org/10.46250/kulturder.1751965
AMA
1.Mızrak BS. Madness and the Fractured Psyche in Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s The Yellow Wallpaper. KAD. 2025;(27):27-40. doi:10.46250/kulturder.1751965
Chicago
Mızrak, Begüm Sude. 2025. “Madness and the Fractured Psyche in Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s The Yellow Wallpaper”. Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi, nos. 27: 27-40. https://doi.org/10.46250/kulturder.1751965.
EndNote
Mızrak BS (December 1, 2025) Madness and the Fractured Psyche in Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s The Yellow Wallpaper. Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi 27 27–40.
IEEE
[1]B. S. Mızrak, “Madness and the Fractured Psyche in Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s The Yellow Wallpaper”, KAD, no. 27, pp. 27–40, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.46250/kulturder.1751965.
ISNAD
Mızrak, Begüm Sude. “Madness and the Fractured Psyche in Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s The Yellow Wallpaper”. Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi. 27 (December 1, 2025): 27-40. https://doi.org/10.46250/kulturder.1751965.
JAMA
1.Mızrak BS. Madness and the Fractured Psyche in Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s The Yellow Wallpaper. KAD. 2025;:27–40.
MLA
Mızrak, Begüm Sude. “Madness and the Fractured Psyche in Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s The Yellow Wallpaper”. Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi, no. 27, Dec. 2025, pp. 27-40, doi:10.46250/kulturder.1751965.
Vancouver
1.Begüm Sude Mızrak. Madness and the Fractured Psyche in Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s The Yellow Wallpaper. KAD. 2025 Dec. 1;(27):27-40. doi:10.46250/kulturder.1751965