ENERJİ ARZ GÜVENLİĞİ BAĞLAMINDA AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ’NİN GÜNEY GAZ KORİDORU VE TÜRKİYE’NİN KONUMU

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3, 288 - 306, 30.12.2019

Zekiye Nazlı Kansu

Öz

Avrupa Birliği (AB) ülkeleri,
dünyanın en büyük enerji tüketicilerinden birisidir. Avrupa kıtası, enerji
kaynaklarından yoksunluğu ile ağırlıklı olarak enerjiyi ithal etmektedir.
Yaşamsal fonksiyonların ana unsurunu oluşturan enerji kaynaklarından birisi de
doğal gazdır. Doğal gaz tüketiminde önemli oranda Rus doğal gaz ithalatına
bağımlı olan AB, Ukrayna Krizi’nde görüldüğü gibi enerji kesintilerine maruz
kalmaktadır. AB ülkelerinin enerji arz güvenliği, Rusya tarafından
gerçekleştirilen doğal gaz kesintilerinden oldukça olumsuz etkilenmektedir. Bu
nedenle, topluluğunun çeşitli enerji politikaları benimsediği görülmektedir.
Bunların başında enerji kaynaklarını çeşitlendirme politikaları gelmektedir.
Avrupa Komisyonu, enerji kaynaklarını çeşitlendirme politikaları kapsamında
Güney Gaz Koridoru projesini benimsemiştir. Bu projenin ana güzergahı Türkiye
üzerinden geçmektedir. Türkiye’nin önemli bir transit ülke olması ve enerji
koridoru olarak tanımlanması, ülkenin AB ve Güney Gaz Koridoru adına önemini
arttırmaktadır.

Bu çalışmada, AB’nin enerji arz
güvenliğini sağlamak adına benimsediği enerji kaynaklarını çeşitlendirme
politikası kapsamında Güney Gaz Koridoru; buna ilişkin Türkiye ve AB’nin konumu
ile projenin hedefleri gerçekleştirme dinamikleri değerlendirilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

AB, Türkiye, Enerji, Güney Gaz Koridoru

EUROPEAN UNIONS’S SOUTHERN GAS CORRIDOR AND TURKEY’S POSITION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ENERGY SUPPLY SECURITY

Öz

The European Union (EU) countries
are one of the largest energy consumers in the world. The Europe imports energy
mainly due to the lack of energy resources. Natural gas is one of the main resources
for human life. The EU, which is heavily dependent on Russian natural gas
imports on natural gas consumption, experiences energy interruptions as seen in
the Ukrainian Crisis. The EU’s energy supply security is affected negatively by
natural gas interruptions by Russia. Therefore, it is seen that the EU has
adopted various energy policies. Most important of them is diversification of
energy resources policy. The European Commission has adopted the Southern Gas
Corridor project as part of it’s energy diversification policies. This
project's main route passes through Turkey. Turkey is a major transit country
and is defined as an energy corridor. Turkey’s role as an transit country and
energy corridor has increased by Southern Gas Corridor.

In this study, the Southern Gas
Corridor is analyzed within the scope of EU's policy of diversification of
energy resources which was adopted in order to provide energy supply security.
Turkey and the EU’s role in the Southern Gas Corridor Project project are
evaluated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

EU, Turkey, Energy, Southern Gas Corridor

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