COVID-19 Geçirmiş Bireylerde Kinezyofobi, Fiziksel Aktivite, Depresyon, Anksiyete ve Stres Düzeyleri: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma

Abstract

Amaç: COVID-19 geçirmiş bireylerde kinezyofobi, inaktivite ve duygu durum bozuklukları yeterince araştırılmamıştır. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmanın amacı COVID-19 geçirmiş ve sağlıklı olan bireylerde kinezyofobi, fiziksel aktivite, depresyon, anksiyete ve stres ölçümlerini karşılaştırmaktı. Yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışma 25 Kasım 2021 ile 30 Aralık 2021 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirildi Bireyler genel toplumdan dahil edildi. Tüm bireylerde kinezyofobi Tampa Kinezyofobi Ölçeğiyle, fiziksel aktivite Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi Kısa-Formuyla ve ruh hali (depresyon, anksiyete ve stres) Depresyon Anksiyete Stres Ölçeği-21 ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Ortalama yaşı 33,41±7,95 yıl olan COVID-19 geçirmiş 29 birey vardı. Sağlıklı kontroller, yaş ortalaması 31,3±7,81 yıl olan 20 gönüllüden oluşuyordu. COVID-19 geçirmiş grupta anksiyete (%55,2'ye karşı %20) ve stres (%34,5'e karşı %5) daha sık gözlendi. Sağlıklı bireylere göre COVID-19 geçirmiş bireylerde kinezyofobi ve anksiyete puanları anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (p<0,05). Gruplar arasında fiziksel aktivite, depresyon ve stres puanları benzerdi (p>0,05). COVID-19 geçirmiş bireylerde i) kinezyofobi ve stres puanları ve ii) fiziksel aktivite, stres ve depresyon puanları arasında anlamlı ilişkiler bulundu (p<0,05). Sağlıklı bireylerde kinezyofobi ile diğer sonuçlar arasında ilişki yoktu (p>0,05). Sonuç: Hem COVID-19 geçirmiş hem de sağlıklı bireylerde yüksek derecede kinezyofobi görülse de COVID-19'a maruz kalan bireylerde kinezyofobi, kaygı ve stres ölçümleri diğerlerine göre daha yüksekti. COVID-19 geçirmiş bireylerde stres arttıkça kinezyofobi arttı ve stres ve depresyon arttıkça fiziksel aktiviteler azaldı. Bu nedenle COVID-19'a maruz kalan bireylere egzersiz, fiziksel aktiviteler ve psikolojik danışmanlık önerilmelidir.

Keywords

• anksiyete
• COVID-19
• depresyon
• egzersiz
• fiziksel aktivite
• hareket

Kinesiophobia, Physical Activity, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Levels in Post COVID-19 Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Objective: Kinesiophobia, inactivity and mood disturbances in post-COVID-19 individuals are poorly investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare measures of kinesiophobia, physical activity, depression, anxiety and stress in post-COVID-19 individuals and healthy individuals. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between 25 November 2021 and 30 December 2021. The individuals were recruited from the general community. Kinesiophobia was assessed with the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, physical activity levels with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short-Form, and mood (depression, anxiety, and stress) with the Depression Anxiety Stress-21 Scale in all individuals. Results: There were 29 volunteer individuals who had COVID-19 with a mean age of 33.41±7.95 years. Healthy controls consisted of 20 volunteers with a mean age of 31.3±7.81 years. Anxiety (55.2% versus 20%) and stress (34.5% versus 5%) were observed more frequently in the post-COVID-19 group. The scores for kinesiophobia and anxiety were significantly higher in post-COVID-19 individuals than healthy individuals (p<0.05). The scores for physical activity, depression and stress were similar between groups (p>0.05). Significant correlations were found among post-COVID-19 individuals for i) the scores for kinesiophobia and stress, and ii) the scores for physical activity, stress, and depression (p<0.05). There was no relationship between kinesiophobia and other outcomes in healthy individuals (p>0.05). Conclusion: Although a high degree of kinesiophobia is observed in both post-COVID-19 and healthy individuals, kinesiophobia, anxiety and stress measures were higher in people exposed to COVID-19 than others. In post-COVID-19 individuals, kinesiophobia increased as stress increased, and physical activities decreased while stress and depression increased. Hence, exercises, physical activities and psychological counseling should be recommended to individuals exposed to COVID-19.

Keywords

• Anxiety
• COVID-19
• Depression
• Exercise
• Movement
• Physical Activity

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