Kocaeli Üniversitesi’ndeki COVID-19 Hastalarının Toraks Bilgisayarlı Tomografi Bulguları

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Kocaeli Üniversitesi’nde Mart-Haziran 2020 tarihleri arasında gerçek zamanlı ters transkriptaz-polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (RT-PCR) testi pozitif olan koronavirüs hastalığı 2019’un (COVID-19) toraks bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) görüntüleme bulguları ve farklılıklarını değerlendirmektir. Yöntem: Belirtilen tarihlerde COVID-19 şüphesi ile başvuran 1875 hastadan RT-PCR testi pozitif olan 189 hasta değerlendirildi. Dahil etme kriterlerine uygun 114 hastanın sosyodemografik verileri, semptom başlangıcı ile BT çekimi arasındaki süre, BT’deki akciğer bulguları Microsoft Office Excel'e kaydedildi. BT bulguları Radiological Society of North America (RSNA)’nın önerdiği raporlama diline uygun kategorize edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil olan 114 hastanın 52’si (%45,6) kadın, 62’si (%54,4) erkekti. Tüm hastaların yaş ortalaması 46,4 (±17,2) olup 41 hastada (%35,9) tipik görünüm, 3 hastada (%2,6) atipik görünüm, 18 hastada (%15,7) belirsiz görünüm, 52 hastada (%45,6) ise normal BT bulguları mevcuttu. BT bulguları olan 62 hastanın 42’sinde (%67,7) bilateral akciğer tutulumu, 20’sinde (%32,3) unilateral akciğer tutulumu mevcuttu.15 hastada (%24,2) tek akciğer lobu tutulumu, 47 hastada (%75,8) birden fazla lob tutulumu izlendi. Tutulan loblardan en sık alt loblarda tutulum mevcuttu (%77,4, n=48). Hastaların %3,2’sinde (n=2) santral buzlu cam opasiteleri mevcut iken %96,8’inde (n=60) periferal buzlu cam opasiteleri izlendi. COVID-19 BT duyarlılığı %42,7 idi. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda COVID-19’un BT bulguları literatürle benzer şekilde multiple, bilateral ve periferal yerleşimli buzlu cam opasiteleri şeklinde iken duyarlılığı yeterli düzeyde değildir. Bu nedenle özellikle hastalığın erken dönemlerinde BT bulgusunun olmaması hastalığı dışlatmamalıdır.

Keywords

• COVID-19
• RT-PCR
• toraks BT

Thorax Computed Tomography Imaging Findings of COVID-19 at Kocaeli University

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate imaging findings and differences of thorax computed tomography (CT) of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) at Kocaeli University. Methods: 114 patient’s sociodemographic data, the time between onset of symptoms and CT, lung findings in CT were recorded in Microsoft Office Excel. CT findings were categorized according to the reporting language suggested by the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA). Results: 52 (45.6%) patients were female and 62 (54.4%) were male. The average age of all patients was 46.4 (± 17.2). Typical appearance in 41 patients (35.9%), atypical appearance in 3 patients (2.6%), indetermine appearance in 18 patients (15.7%), and normal CT findings in 52 patients (45.6%) were observed. 42 (67.7%) patients had bilateral lung involvement, 20 (32.3%) had unilateral lung involvement. Single lung lobe involvement was observed in 15 patients (24.2%), and multiple lobe involvement was observed in 47 patients (75.8%). Of the lobes that were involved, the most common involvement was in the lower lobes (77.4%, n = 48). While central ground glass opacities were present in 3.2% (n = 2) of the patients, peripheral ground glass opacities were observed in 96.8% (n = 60). CT sensitivity in COVID-19 was 42.7%. Conclusion: In our study, CT findings of COVID-19 were similar to the literature, meaning CT sensitivity was not sufficient. Therefore, the absence of CT findings especially in the early stages of the disease should not exclude the disease.

Keywords

• COVID-19
• RT-PCR
• thorax CT

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