Research Article
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From Social Isolation to Social Integration in Disadvantaged Children: Kocaeli Governorship ÖNEM Project, Kocaeli, Türkiye

Year 2024, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 77 - 85, 04.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1489862

Abstract

Objective: Addressing the needs of disadvantaged or vulnerable children and young people is of vital importance in today's society. Comprehensive efforts within both educational institutions and the wider society are essential to provide support and opportunities to these vulnerable groups. The aim of this article is to present the model of the Kocaeli ONEM project, which aims to increase the social integration of disadvantaged children.

Methods: Children from broken families, children from families with members in prison, refugee children and children with health problems were included in the study. The study was carried out in 3 different periods. Nineteen activities were planned to improve the social integration of the children. Questionnaires were sent to children, teachers and their families for feedback.

Results: A total of 14682 activities were organised, consisting of 19 different categories. A total of 65.695 children participated in the activities. Totally, 15860 supporters were involved in the project. Satisfaction rates obtained through feedback surveys for the last two study periods were 84% for students, 81% and 82% for teachers, 75% and 81% for parents.

Conclusion: The activities carried out in the ONEM project served to improve children's problem-solving skills and quality of life. Thanks to these activities, children were able to cope better with the stress caused by biological and social changes, the effects of peer pressure were reduced and their desire to be part of a group was positively addressed.

References

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  • Wang D, Jiang Q, Yang Z, Choi JK. The longitudinal influences of adverse childhood experiences and positive childhood experiences at family, school, and neighborhood on adolescent depression and anxiety. J Affect Disord. 2021; 292:542–51. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.108.
  • Hunt TK, Slack KS, Berger LM. Adverse childhood experiences and behavioral problems in middle childhood. Child Abuse Negl. 2017; 67:391–402. Doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.11.005.
  • Yeşilyaprak B. 21. Yüzyılda Eğitimde Rehberlik Hizmetleri Gelişimsel Yaklaşım. 21. Baskı. Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım; 2013.
  • Korkut F. Okul Temelli Önleyici Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışma, 6. Baskı. Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık; 2020.
  • Caplan G. Principles of preventive psychiatry. New York: Basic Books; 1964.
  • Masten AS, Cicchetti D, Cicchetti D. Resilience in development: progress and transformation In: Developmental Psychopathology. New York: Wiley; 2016:271–333.
  • Lerner JV, Phelps E, Forman Y, Bowers EP, Lerner RM, Steinberg L. Positive youth development. In: Handbook of Adolescent Psychology: Individual bases of Adolescent Development. John Wiley & Sons Inc; 2009:524–558.
  • Bronfenbrenner U. Ecological systems theory (1992). In: Bronfenbrenner U ed. Making human beings human: Bioecological perspectives on human development. Sage Publications; 2005:106-173.
  • Zimmerman MA. Resiliency theory: a strengths-based approach to research and practice for adolescent health. Health Educ Behav. 2013;40(4):381–383. doi:10.1177/1090198113493782.
  • Sege RD, Browne CH. Responding to ACEs with HOPE: health outcomes from positive experiences. Acad Pediatr. 2017; 17(7):79–85. doi: 10.1016/j. acap.2017.03.007.
  • Bernaras E, Jaureguizar J, Garaigordobil M. Child and adolescent depression: a review of theories, evaluation instruments, prevention programs, and treatments. Front Psychol. 2019; 10:543. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00543.
  • Crandall A, Broadbent E, Stanfill M, et al. The influence of adverse and advantageous childhood experiences during adolescence on young adult health. Child Abuse Negl. 2020; 108:104644. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104644.
  • Jaffee SR, Gallop R. Social, emotional, and academic competence among children who have had contact with child protective services: Prevalence and stability estimates. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2007; 46:757–765. doi: 10.1097/chi.0b013e318040b2 47.
  • Profe W, Wild LG. Mother, father, and grandparent involvement: associations with adolescent mental health and substance use. J Fam Issues. 2017; 38(6):776–797. doi: 10.1177/0192513X15583069.
  • Uddin J, Alharbi N, Uddin MH, et al. Parenting stress and family resilience affect the association of adverse childhood experiences with children’s mental health and attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. J Affect Disord. 2020; 272:104–109. doi: 10.1016/j. jad.2020.03.132.
  • Crouch E, Radcliff E, Strompolis M, Srivastav A. Safe, stable, and nurtured: protective factors against poor physical and mental health outcomes following exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). J Child Adolesc Trauma. 2019;12(2):165–173. doi: 10.1007/s40653-018-0217-9.
  • European Union. European Joint Action on Mental Health and Well-Being, 2013–2016. EU Web site. https://www.mentalhealthandwellbeing.eu/the-joint-action/. 5 Mayıs 2024 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Green Paper. Transforming Children and Young People’s Mental Health Provision: A Green Paper. Department of Health and Social Care and the Department of Education; 2017
  • Thapar A, Collishaw S, Pine DS, Thapar AK. Depression in adolescence. Lancet North Am Ed. 2012;379:1056–1067. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11) 60871-4, 9820.
  • Crouch E, Radcliff E, Hung P, Bennett K. Challenges to school success and the role of adverse childhood experiences. Acad Pediatr. 20139; 19(8):899–907. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2019.08.006.
  • Goodenow C. The psychological sense of school membership among adolescents: scale development and educational correlates. Psychol Schools. 1993; 30:79–90. doi: 10.1002/1520-6807(199301)30:1<79::AID-PITS2310300113>3.0.CO;2-X.
  • Shochet IM, Dadds MR, Ham D, Montague R. School connectedness is an underemphasized parameter in adolescent mental health: results of a community prediction study. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2006; 35(2):170–179. doi: 10.1207/s15374424jccp3502_1.
  • Somersalo H, Solantaus T, Almqvist F. Classroom climate and the mental health of primary school children. Nordic J Psychiatr. 2002; 56:285–290.
  • Thumann BF, Nur U, Naker D, Devries KM. Primary school students’ mental health in Uganda and its association with school violence, connectedness, and school characteristics: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2016; 16:662.
  • Patalay P, Fitzsimons E. Development and predictors of mental ill-health and wellbeing from childhood to adolescence. Soc Psychiatr Epidemiol 2018; 53:1311–1323.
  • Crosnoe R, Johnson MK, Elder GH. Intergenerational bonding in school: The behavioral and contextual correlates of student-teacher relationships. Sociol Educ. 2004; 77:60–81.
  • Hopson LM, Lee E. Mitigating the effect of family poverty on academic and behavioral outcomes: The role of school climate in middle and high school. Children and Youth Services Review. 2011;33: 2221–2229.
  • López F. Moderators of language acquisition models and reading achievement for English language learners: The role of emotional warmth and instructional support. Teachers College Record. 2012; 114(8):1–30.
  • Choi JK, Kelley MS, Wang D. Neighborhood characteristics, maternal parenting, and health and development of children from socioeconomically disadvantaged families. Am J Community Psychol. 2018; 62:476–491. doi: 10.1002/ajcp.12276.
  • Conger KJ, Rueter MA, Conger RD. The role of economic pressure in the lives of parents and their adolescents: the family stress model. In: Crockett LJ, Silbereisen RK eds. Negotiating Adolescence in Times of Social Change. Cambridge University Press, 2000; 201–223.
  • Cuellar J, Jones DJ, Sterrett E. Examining parenting in the neighborhood context: a review. J Child Fam Stud. 2015; 24(1):195–219. doi: 10.1007/ s10826-013-9826-y.
  • Sampson RJ, Raudenbush SW, Earls F. Neighborhoods and violent crime: a multilevel study of collective efficacy. Science. 1997;277(5328):918–924. doi: 10.1126/science.277.5328.918.
  • Choi JK, Teshome T, Smith J. Neighborhood disadvantage, childhood adversity, bullying victimization, and adolescent depression: A multiple mediational analysis. J Affect Disord. 2021; 279:554–562. doi: 10.1016/j. jad.2020.10.041.
  • Wang D, Choi JK, Shin J. Long-term neighborhood effects on adolescent outcomes: mediated through adverse childhood experiences and parenting stress. J Youth Adolesc. 2020; 49:2160–2173. doi: 10.1007/s10964-020-01305-y.
  • Greenberg MT, Weissberg RP, O'Brien MU, et al. Enhancing school-based prevention and youth development through coordinated social, emotional, and academic learning. Am Psychol. 2003; 58(6-7):466–474. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.58.6-7.466
  • Bungay H, Vella-Burrows T. The effects of participating in creative activities on the health and well-being of children and young people: a rapid review of the literature. Perspect Public Health. 2013;133(1):44-52. doi:10.1177/1757913912466946
  • Miller E, Almon J. Crisis in the Kindergarten: Why Children Need to Play in School. College Park, MD: Alliance for Childhood; 2009
  • Mahoney JL, Stattin H. Leisure activities and adolescent antisocial behavior: The role of structure and social context, J Adolesc. 2020;23(2): 113-127. doi: 10.1006/jado.2000.0302.
Year 2024, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 77 - 85, 04.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1489862

Abstract

References

  • TUIK, 2024, Adrese Dayalı Nüfus Kayıt Sistemi Sonuçları, 2023. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Adrese-Dayal%C4%B1-N%C3%BCfus-Kay%C4%B1t-Sistemi-Sonu%C3%A7lar%C4%B1-2023-49684&dil=1. 5 Mayıs 2024’te erişildi.
  • Smokowski PR. Prevention and intervention strate- gies for promoting resilience in disadvantaged children. Soc Serv Rev. 1998; 72:337-364. doi: https://doi.org/10.1086/515762,
  • Felitti VJ, Anda RF. Therelationship of adverse childhood experiences to adult medical disease, psychiatric disorders and sexual behavior: implications for healthcare. In: Lanius RA, Vermetten E, Pain C, eds. The Impact of Early Life Trauma on Health and Disease: The Hidden Epidemic. Cambridge University Press; 2010:77-87.
  • Wang D, Jiang Q, Yang Z, Choi JK. The longitudinal influences of adverse childhood experiences and positive childhood experiences at family, school, and neighborhood on adolescent depression and anxiety. J Affect Disord. 2021; 292:542–51. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.108.
  • Hunt TK, Slack KS, Berger LM. Adverse childhood experiences and behavioral problems in middle childhood. Child Abuse Negl. 2017; 67:391–402. Doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.11.005.
  • Yeşilyaprak B. 21. Yüzyılda Eğitimde Rehberlik Hizmetleri Gelişimsel Yaklaşım. 21. Baskı. Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım; 2013.
  • Korkut F. Okul Temelli Önleyici Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışma, 6. Baskı. Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık; 2020.
  • Caplan G. Principles of preventive psychiatry. New York: Basic Books; 1964.
  • Masten AS, Cicchetti D, Cicchetti D. Resilience in development: progress and transformation In: Developmental Psychopathology. New York: Wiley; 2016:271–333.
  • Lerner JV, Phelps E, Forman Y, Bowers EP, Lerner RM, Steinberg L. Positive youth development. In: Handbook of Adolescent Psychology: Individual bases of Adolescent Development. John Wiley & Sons Inc; 2009:524–558.
  • Bronfenbrenner U. Ecological systems theory (1992). In: Bronfenbrenner U ed. Making human beings human: Bioecological perspectives on human development. Sage Publications; 2005:106-173.
  • Zimmerman MA. Resiliency theory: a strengths-based approach to research and practice for adolescent health. Health Educ Behav. 2013;40(4):381–383. doi:10.1177/1090198113493782.
  • Sege RD, Browne CH. Responding to ACEs with HOPE: health outcomes from positive experiences. Acad Pediatr. 2017; 17(7):79–85. doi: 10.1016/j. acap.2017.03.007.
  • Bernaras E, Jaureguizar J, Garaigordobil M. Child and adolescent depression: a review of theories, evaluation instruments, prevention programs, and treatments. Front Psychol. 2019; 10:543. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00543.
  • Crandall A, Broadbent E, Stanfill M, et al. The influence of adverse and advantageous childhood experiences during adolescence on young adult health. Child Abuse Negl. 2020; 108:104644. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104644.
  • Jaffee SR, Gallop R. Social, emotional, and academic competence among children who have had contact with child protective services: Prevalence and stability estimates. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2007; 46:757–765. doi: 10.1097/chi.0b013e318040b2 47.
  • Profe W, Wild LG. Mother, father, and grandparent involvement: associations with adolescent mental health and substance use. J Fam Issues. 2017; 38(6):776–797. doi: 10.1177/0192513X15583069.
  • Uddin J, Alharbi N, Uddin MH, et al. Parenting stress and family resilience affect the association of adverse childhood experiences with children’s mental health and attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. J Affect Disord. 2020; 272:104–109. doi: 10.1016/j. jad.2020.03.132.
  • Crouch E, Radcliff E, Strompolis M, Srivastav A. Safe, stable, and nurtured: protective factors against poor physical and mental health outcomes following exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). J Child Adolesc Trauma. 2019;12(2):165–173. doi: 10.1007/s40653-018-0217-9.
  • European Union. European Joint Action on Mental Health and Well-Being, 2013–2016. EU Web site. https://www.mentalhealthandwellbeing.eu/the-joint-action/. 5 Mayıs 2024 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Green Paper. Transforming Children and Young People’s Mental Health Provision: A Green Paper. Department of Health and Social Care and the Department of Education; 2017
  • Thapar A, Collishaw S, Pine DS, Thapar AK. Depression in adolescence. Lancet North Am Ed. 2012;379:1056–1067. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11) 60871-4, 9820.
  • Crouch E, Radcliff E, Hung P, Bennett K. Challenges to school success and the role of adverse childhood experiences. Acad Pediatr. 20139; 19(8):899–907. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2019.08.006.
  • Goodenow C. The psychological sense of school membership among adolescents: scale development and educational correlates. Psychol Schools. 1993; 30:79–90. doi: 10.1002/1520-6807(199301)30:1<79::AID-PITS2310300113>3.0.CO;2-X.
  • Shochet IM, Dadds MR, Ham D, Montague R. School connectedness is an underemphasized parameter in adolescent mental health: results of a community prediction study. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2006; 35(2):170–179. doi: 10.1207/s15374424jccp3502_1.
  • Somersalo H, Solantaus T, Almqvist F. Classroom climate and the mental health of primary school children. Nordic J Psychiatr. 2002; 56:285–290.
  • Thumann BF, Nur U, Naker D, Devries KM. Primary school students’ mental health in Uganda and its association with school violence, connectedness, and school characteristics: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2016; 16:662.
  • Patalay P, Fitzsimons E. Development and predictors of mental ill-health and wellbeing from childhood to adolescence. Soc Psychiatr Epidemiol 2018; 53:1311–1323.
  • Crosnoe R, Johnson MK, Elder GH. Intergenerational bonding in school: The behavioral and contextual correlates of student-teacher relationships. Sociol Educ. 2004; 77:60–81.
  • Hopson LM, Lee E. Mitigating the effect of family poverty on academic and behavioral outcomes: The role of school climate in middle and high school. Children and Youth Services Review. 2011;33: 2221–2229.
  • López F. Moderators of language acquisition models and reading achievement for English language learners: The role of emotional warmth and instructional support. Teachers College Record. 2012; 114(8):1–30.
  • Choi JK, Kelley MS, Wang D. Neighborhood characteristics, maternal parenting, and health and development of children from socioeconomically disadvantaged families. Am J Community Psychol. 2018; 62:476–491. doi: 10.1002/ajcp.12276.
  • Conger KJ, Rueter MA, Conger RD. The role of economic pressure in the lives of parents and their adolescents: the family stress model. In: Crockett LJ, Silbereisen RK eds. Negotiating Adolescence in Times of Social Change. Cambridge University Press, 2000; 201–223.
  • Cuellar J, Jones DJ, Sterrett E. Examining parenting in the neighborhood context: a review. J Child Fam Stud. 2015; 24(1):195–219. doi: 10.1007/ s10826-013-9826-y.
  • Sampson RJ, Raudenbush SW, Earls F. Neighborhoods and violent crime: a multilevel study of collective efficacy. Science. 1997;277(5328):918–924. doi: 10.1126/science.277.5328.918.
  • Choi JK, Teshome T, Smith J. Neighborhood disadvantage, childhood adversity, bullying victimization, and adolescent depression: A multiple mediational analysis. J Affect Disord. 2021; 279:554–562. doi: 10.1016/j. jad.2020.10.041.
  • Wang D, Choi JK, Shin J. Long-term neighborhood effects on adolescent outcomes: mediated through adverse childhood experiences and parenting stress. J Youth Adolesc. 2020; 49:2160–2173. doi: 10.1007/s10964-020-01305-y.
  • Greenberg MT, Weissberg RP, O'Brien MU, et al. Enhancing school-based prevention and youth development through coordinated social, emotional, and academic learning. Am Psychol. 2003; 58(6-7):466–474. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.58.6-7.466
  • Bungay H, Vella-Burrows T. The effects of participating in creative activities on the health and well-being of children and young people: a rapid review of the literature. Perspect Public Health. 2013;133(1):44-52. doi:10.1177/1757913912466946
  • Miller E, Almon J. Crisis in the Kindergarten: Why Children Need to Play in School. College Park, MD: Alliance for Childhood; 2009
  • Mahoney JL, Stattin H. Leisure activities and adolescent antisocial behavior: The role of structure and social context, J Adolesc. 2020;23(2): 113-127. doi: 10.1006/jado.2000.0302.
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Psychiatry
Journal Section Original Article / Medical Sciences
Authors

Aslıhan Polat 0000-0001-9649-8701

Osman Nejat Akfırat 0000-0002-6748-9539

Bahadır Geniş 0000-0001-8541-7670

Ezgi Şişman 0000-0001-9496-991X

Publication Date September 4, 2024
Submission Date May 25, 2024
Acceptance Date July 25, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 10 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Polat, A., Akfırat, O. N., Geniş, B., Şişman, E. (2024). From Social Isolation to Social Integration in Disadvantaged Children: Kocaeli Governorship ÖNEM Project, Kocaeli, Türkiye. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(2), 77-85. https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1489862
AMA Polat A, Akfırat ON, Geniş B, Şişman E. From Social Isolation to Social Integration in Disadvantaged Children: Kocaeli Governorship ÖNEM Project, Kocaeli, Türkiye. KOU Sag Bil Derg. September 2024;10(2):77-85. doi:10.30934/kusbed.1489862
Chicago Polat, Aslıhan, Osman Nejat Akfırat, Bahadır Geniş, and Ezgi Şişman. “From Social Isolation to Social Integration in Disadvantaged Children: Kocaeli Governorship ÖNEM Project, Kocaeli, Türkiye”. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 10, no. 2 (September 2024): 77-85. https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1489862.
EndNote Polat A, Akfırat ON, Geniş B, Şişman E (September 1, 2024) From Social Isolation to Social Integration in Disadvantaged Children: Kocaeli Governorship ÖNEM Project, Kocaeli, Türkiye. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 10 2 77–85.
IEEE A. Polat, O. N. Akfırat, B. Geniş, and E. Şişman, “From Social Isolation to Social Integration in Disadvantaged Children: Kocaeli Governorship ÖNEM Project, Kocaeli, Türkiye”, KOU Sag Bil Derg, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 77–85, 2024, doi: 10.30934/kusbed.1489862.
ISNAD Polat, Aslıhan et al. “From Social Isolation to Social Integration in Disadvantaged Children: Kocaeli Governorship ÖNEM Project, Kocaeli, Türkiye”. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 10/2 (September 2024), 77-85. https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1489862.
JAMA Polat A, Akfırat ON, Geniş B, Şişman E. From Social Isolation to Social Integration in Disadvantaged Children: Kocaeli Governorship ÖNEM Project, Kocaeli, Türkiye. KOU Sag Bil Derg. 2024;10:77–85.
MLA Polat, Aslıhan et al. “From Social Isolation to Social Integration in Disadvantaged Children: Kocaeli Governorship ÖNEM Project, Kocaeli, Türkiye”. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 10, no. 2, 2024, pp. 77-85, doi:10.30934/kusbed.1489862.
Vancouver Polat A, Akfırat ON, Geniş B, Şişman E. From Social Isolation to Social Integration in Disadvantaged Children: Kocaeli Governorship ÖNEM Project, Kocaeli, Türkiye. KOU Sag Bil Derg. 2024;10(2):77-85.