Intracellular Pharmacokinetic Properties of Antibiotics

Abstract

Pathogenic bacteria that have the ability to enter and multiply in the cell, cause a large number of diseases. In order to obtain efficient results from the antibiotics used in the treatment of these diseases, intracellular pharmacokinetic values should be taken into consideration as well as plasma pharmacokinetic parameters. Thus, drugs used in treatment of diseases caused by intracellular pathogens have to accumulate intracellulary in adequate concentration and time while maintaining their antibacterial activity. However, intracellular pH affects the activity of the antibiotics. If the intracellular pH is below 6, some antibiotics retain their antibacterial activity, while others lose it. In this review, the aim is to give information about the intracellular pharmacokinetic properties of antibiotics used in the treatment of diseases caused by intracellular pathogenic bacteria.

Keywords

• Antibiotic
• Distribution
• Efflux
• Intracellular
• Pharmacokinetics

ANTİBİYOTİKLERİN HÜCRE İÇİ FARMAKOKİNETİK ÖZELLİKLERİ

Abstract

Hücre içine girebilme ve çoğalabilme kabiliyetine sahip olan patojen bakteriler; çok sayıda hastalığa neden olmaktadır. Bu hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanılan antibiyotiklerden verimli sonuçlar elde edilebilmesi için, plazma farmakokinetik parametreleri yanında hücre içi farmakokinetik değerler de dikkate alınmalıdır. Çünkü hücre içi bu patojen bakterilerin neden olduğu hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanılacak ilacın, uygun hücre içi bölümde birikmesi, antibakteriyel özelliğini muhafaza etmesi, hücre içinde yeterli konsantrasyon ve sürede bulunması gerekmektedir. Ancak hücre içi pH değeri, antibiyotiklerin etkinliğini etkilemektedir. Hücre içi pH değeri 6’nın altındaki değerlerde olursa; bazı antibiyotikler antibakteriyel etkinliğini korurken, bazıları ise kaybetmektedir. Bu derlemede, hücre içi patojen bakterilerin neden olduğu hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanılan antibiyotiklerin, hücre içi farmakokinetik özellikleri hakkında bilgi verilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Keywords

• Antibiyotik
• Dağılım
• Efluks
• Farmakokinetik
• Hücre içi

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