Periodontitis and Diabetes Mellitus: Directional Relationship

Year 2017, Volume: 19 Issue: 2, 103 - 113, 31.08.2017

Şükran Acıpınar , Meltem Karşıyaka Hendek , Ebru Olgun Erdemir

https://doi.org/10.24938/kutfd.321684

Abstract

Periodontitis
and diabetes mellitus (DM) are common chronic diseases in the society.
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition that can result in tooth loss
due to destruction of the supporting tissues (periodontal ligament and bone) of
the teeth resulting from impaired balance between bacterial plaque and host
immune response. Diabetes mellitus is an impairment of carbohydrate, fat and
protein metabolism, manifested by the absence of insulin hormone secretion /
insufficiency or by various complications of insulin resistance. Periodontitis has recently become one of the classic complications of diabetes. Epidemiological
data suggest that diabetes is a major risk factor for periodontitis and that
diabetics are more likely to be periodontitis than non-diabetics. It is known
that there is a mutual relationship between these two chronic diseases.
Although the role of various cellular, immunological pathways and cytokines has
been determined, the mechanism is still not fully understood.

Keywords

Diabetes Mellitus, inflammation, periodontitis

PERİODONTİTİS VE DİABETES MELLİTUS: ÇİFT YÖNLÜ İLİŞKİ

Abstract

Periodontitis ve diabetes mellitus (DM) toplumda
yaygın görülen kronik hastalıklardır. Periodontitis bakteriyel plak ve konak
immün yanıtı arasındaki dengenin bozulmasından kaynaklanan dişlerin destek
dokularının (periodontal ligament ve kemik) yıkımıyla karakterize diş kaybıyla
sonuçlanabilen kronik inflamatuar bir durumdur. Diabetes mellitus insülin
hormon sekresyonunun yokluğu / yetersizliği veya insülin direnci ile
karakterize çeşitli komplikasyonlarla kendini gösteren karbonhidrat, yağ ve
protein metabolizma bozukluğu hastalığıdır. Periodontitis son dönemlerde
diyabetin klasik komplikasyonlarından biri halini almıştır. Epidemiyolojik
veriler diyabetin periodontitis için majör risk faktörü olduğunu ve
diyabetiklerin diyabetik olmayanlara göre periodontitise daha yatkın olduğunu
göstermektedir. Bu iki kronik hastalık arasında karşılıklı ilişki olduğu
bilinmektedir. Çeşitli hücresel, immünolojik yolların ve sitokinlerin rolü
olduğu belirlenmiş olsa da mekanizma halen tam olarak anlaşılamamıştır. 

Keywords

Diabetes Mellitus, Periodontitis, inflamasyon

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