VENA SAFENA MAGNANIN ANATOMİK VARYASYONU DERİN VEN TROMBOZU İÇİN BİR RİSK FAKTÖRÜ MÜDÜR?

Year 2021, Volume: 23 Issue: 2, 343 - 350, 31.08.2021

Ali Bolat , Yıldırım Gültekin

https://doi.org/10.24938/kutfd.916762

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Amaç: Bu retrospektif çalışmanın amacı, vena safena magnanın, anatomik varyasyonunun femoral ven trombozuna olan etkisini araştırmaktır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Kalp ve Damar Cerrahisi Kliniğinde Ocak 2017 ve Ağustos 2019 tarihleri arasında takip ve tedavi edilen femoral ven trombozu tanısı olan hastalarda yapıldı. Hastaların demografik özellikleri, venöz renkli Doppler ultrasonografi raporları ve eşlik eden hastalıklar retrospektif olarak incelendi. Vena safena magnanın tipleri, uyluk seviyesinde safen kompartmanındaki yerleşimlerine göre belirlendi.

Bulgular: Çalışma ana ve superfisiyal femoral vende derin ven trombozu tanısı konulan 130 hasta üzerinde yapılmıştır. Hastaların 62’si kadın ve 68’i erkekti ve yaşları 16 ile 89 yıl arasında değişmekteydi. Ortalama yaşları ise 55.8±17.3 yıldı. Derin ven trombozu risk faktörlerinden, en sık ileri yaş (%37), en az oral kontraseptif kullanımı (%1.5) gözlendi. On hastada predispozan faktör saptanamadı. Ana ve superfisiyal femoral derin ven trombozu olan hastalarda vena safena magna tiplerinin görülme yüzdeleri normal popülasyona göre aynı bulunmuştur.

Sonuç: Çalışmada ana ve superfisiyal femoral derin ven trombozu olan hastalarda vena safena magna varyasyonlarının görülme oranının normal popülasyona göre benzer olduğu saptandı.

Keywords

Vena safena magna, anatomik varyasyon, derin ven trombozu

Is the Anatomic Variation of Vena Saphena Magna A Risk Factor for Deep Vein Thrombosis?

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study is to investigate the relationship between the anatomical variation of the vena saphena magna and femoral vein thrombosis.

Material and Methods: This study was conducted in patients with femoral vein thrombosis who were followed up and treated between January 2017 and August 2019 in Kırıkkale University Faculty of Medicine Hospital Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic. The demographic characteristics of the patients, venous color Doppler ultrasonography reports and accompanying diseases were retrospectively analyzed. Vena saphena magna types were determined according to their position in the saphenous compartment at the thigh level.

Results: The study was conducted on 130 patients diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis in the common and superficial femoral vein. Sixty-two of the patients were female and 68 were male and their ages ranged from 16 to 89 years. Mean age was 55.8±17.3 years. Among the DVT risk factors, old age (37%) was the most common and use of oral contraceptives (1.5%) was the least observed. No predisposing factor was found in 10 patients. The percentages of vena saphena magna types in patients with common and superficial femoral deep vein thrombosis were found to be the same compared to the normal population.

Conclusion: In the study, the incidence of vena saphena magna variations in patients with common and superficial femoral deep vein thrombosis was found to be similar compared to the normal population.

Keywords

Vena saphena magna, anatomical variation, deep vein thrombosis

References

• 1. Wallis M, Autar R. Deep vein thrombosis: clinical nursing management. Nurs Stand. 2001;15(18):47-54.
• 2. Nutescu EA. Assessing, preventing, and treating venous thromboembolism: evidencebased approaches. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2007;64(7):5-13.
• 3. Heit JA. The epidemiology of venous thromboembolism in the community. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28(3):370-2.
• 4. Forster AJ, Wells PS. The rationale and evidence for the treatment of lower-extremity deep venous thrombosis with thrombolytic agents. Curr Opin Hematol. 2002;9(2):437-42.
• 5. Stamatakis JD, Kakkar VV, Sagar S, Lawrence D, Naırn D, Bentley PG. Femoral vein thrombosis and total hip replacement. Br Med J. 1977;2(6081):223-5.
• 6. Stone J, Hangge P, Albadawi H, Wallace A, Shamoun F, Knuttien MG et al. Deep vein thrombosis: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and medical management. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2017;7(3):276-84.
• 7. Labropoulos N, Delis K, Nicolaides AN, Leon M, Ramaswami G, Volteas N. The role of the distribution and anatomic extent of reflux in the development of signs and symptoms in chronic venous insufficiency. J Vasc Surg. 1996;23(5):504-10.
• 8. Verlato F, Zucchetta P, Prandoni P, Camporese G, Marzola MC, Salmistraro G et al. An unexpectedly high rate of pulmonary embolism in patients with superficial thrombophlebitis of the thigh. J Vasc Surg. 1999;30(6):1113-15.
• 9. Lurie F. Venous haemodynamics: what we know and don’t know. Phlebology. 2009;24(2):3-7.
• 10. Thomson H. The surgical anatomy of the superficial and perforating veins of the lower limb. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1979;61(7):198-205.
• 11. Somjen GM. Anatomy of the superficial venous system. Dermatol Surg. 1995;21(1):35-45.
• 12. Quenet S, Laporte S, Decousus H, Leizorovicz A, Epinat M, Mismetti P et al. Factors predictive of venous thrombotic complications in patients with isolated superficial vein thrombosis. J Vasc Surg. 2003;38(5):944-9.
• 13. Decousus H, Leizorovicz A. Superficial thrombophlebitis of the legs: still a lot to learn. J Thromb Haemost. 2005;3(6):1149-51.
• 14. Ricci S, Caggiati A. Echoanatomical patterns of the long saphenous vein in patients with primary varices and in healthy subjects. Phlebology. 1999;14(2):54-60.
• 15. Di Nisio M, Van Es N, Büller HR. Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Lancet. 2016;388(10063):3060-73.
• 16. Kniffin WD Jr, Baron JA, Barrett J, Birkmeyer JD, Anderson FA Jr. The epidemiology of diagnosed pulmonary embolism and deep venous thrombosis in the elderly. Arch Intern Med. 1994;154(5):861-6.
• 17. Lee YK, Chung CY, Koo KH, Lee KM, Ji HM, Park MS. Conflict of interest in the assessment of thromboprophylaxis after total joint arthroplasty: a systematic review. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2012;94(1):27-33.
• 18. Hopkins NF, Wolfe JH. ABC of vascular diseases. Deep venous insufficiency and occlusion. BMJ, 1992;304(6819):107-10.
• 19. Mihmanlı İ. Vasküler Ultrasona Giriş. Birinci baskı, İstanbul. İstanbul Medikal Yayıncılık, 2006.
• 20. Naidich JB, Feinberg AW, Karp-Harman H, Karmel MI, Tyma CG, Stein HL. Contrast venography: reassessment of its role. Radiology. 1988;168(1):97-100.
• 21. Bounameaux H, Reber-Wasem MA. Superficial thrombophlebitis and deep vein thrombosis. A controversial association. Arch Intern Med. 1997;157(16):1822-4.
• 22. Blumenberg RM, Barton E, Gelfand ML, Skudder P, Brennan J. Occult deep venous thrombosis complicating superficial thrombophlebitis. J Vasc Surg. 1998;27(2):338- 43.
• 23. Kostas T, Ioannou C, Touloupakis E, Daskalaki E, Giannoukas AD, Tsetis D et al. Recurrent varicose veins after surgery: a new appraisal of a common and complex problem in vascular surgery. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2004;27(7):275-82.
• 24. Somjen GM, Royle JP, Fell G, Roberts AK, Hoare MC, Tong Y. Venous reflux patterns in the popliteal fossa. J Cardiovasc Surg. 1992;33(4):85-91.
• 25. Brasic N, Lopresti D, McSwain H. Endovenous laser ablation and sclerotherapy for treatment of varicose veins. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2008;27(9):264-75.
• 26. Ricci S, Cavezzi A. Echo-anatomy of long saphenous vein in the knee region: proposal for a classification in five anatomical patterns. Phlebology. 2002;16(3):111-9.
• 27. Bailly M. Cartographie CHIVA. In: Elsevier Masson SAS, ed. Encyclopedie Medico-Chirurgicale. 1st ed. Paris. Editions Techniques, 1993:43-161.
• 28. Caggiati A, Bergan JJ, Gloviczki P, Jantet G, Wendell-Smith CP, Partsch H. Nomenclature of the veins of the lower limbs:an international interdisciplinary consensus statement. J Vasc Surg. 2002;36(2):416-22.
• 29. Yuce I, Oguzkurt L, Eren S, Levent A, Kantarci M, Yalçın A et al. Assessment of posterior accessory great saphenous vein of the leg using ultrasonography: a preliminary study. Surg Radiol Anat. 2016;38(5):123-9.
• 30. Kockaert M, De Roos KP, Van Dijk L, Nijsten T, Neumann M. Duplication of the great saphenous vein: a definition problem and implications for therapy. Dermatol Surg. 2012;38(6):77-82.
• 31. Ricci S, Caggiati A. Does a double long saphenous vein exist? Phelebology. 1999;14(5):59-64.
• 32. Oguzkurt L. Ultrasonography study on the segmental aplasia of the great saphenous vein. Phlebology. 2014;29(9):447-55.
• 33. Pittaluga P, Chastanet DS. Influence on chronic venous ınsufficiency of primary absence of the great saphenous vein in the saphenous compartment at the thigh. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2013;1(1):101.
• 34. Caggiati A, Mendoza E. Segmental hypoplasia of the great saphenous vein and varicose disease. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2004;28(8):257-63.
• 35. Binder B, Lackner HK, Salmhofer W, Kroemer S, Custovic J, Hofmann-Wellenhof R. Association between superficial vein thrombosis and deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities. Arch Dermatol. 2009;145(7):753-7.
• 36. Sipahi M, Bolat A, Serin HI, Erkoc MF, Acikgoz B, Kulah B. Clinical Manifestations in Patients with Segmental Hypoplasia of Great Saphenous Vein. Kuwaıt Medical Journal. 2017;49(2):119-23.
• 37. Jovic S, Delic J, Ljuca F, Mujanovic E, Custendil-Delic S, Zabic A et al. Frequency of superficial and deep vein thrombosis in patients with variations of superficial veins of lower extremities. Med Arh. 2012;66(1):16-8.
• 38. Simpson WL, Krakowski DM. Prevalence of lower extremity venous duplication. Indian JR Radio Imaging. 2010;20(3):230-4.