Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

ÖZEL ÖĞRENME GÜÇLÜĞÜ TANILANMA SÜRECİ

Year 2021, Volume: 23 Issue: 2, 395 - 404, 31.08.2021
https://doi.org/10.24938/kutfd.955800

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı özel öğrenme güçlüğü olan çocukların tanılanma sürecinin çocuk ve ergen psikiyatristleri görüşlerine göre değerlendirilmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemlerine dayalı bir fenomenoloji çalışmasıdır. Araştırmada veri eldesi yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği ile sağlanmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcı grubunu toplam 17 çocuk ve ergen psikiyatristi oluşturmaktadır.
Bulgular: Araştırma bulguları değerlendirme, sorunlar ve öneriler başlıkları altında toplanmıştır. Değerlendirme ile ilgili bulgularda tanılamanın nasıl gerçekleştiğine ilişkin en fazla kodlanan madde “klinik görüşme/muayene” olurken, tanılama sürecinde kullanılan ölçme araçlarına ilişkin en fazla kodlanan maddeler “WISC-R” ve “Özel Öğrenme Güçlüğü Bataryası” olmuştur. Tanılama sürecinde ortaya çıkan sorunlara ilişkin en fazla kodlanan maddeler ise “öykü almada güçlük”, “dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu ile sık birliktelik gösterdiği için belirtilerin karışması” ve “öğretmenden bilgi alınamaması” şeklindedir. Öneriler ile ilgili doktorların ailelerden beklentilerine ilişkin kodlanan maddeler “açık ve net bir şekilde çocuğun yaşadığı güçlükleri anlatma” ve “düzenli takip ve sıkı gözlem yapmaları” olmuştur.
Sonuç: Özel öğrenme güçlüğü tanılama sürecinde çoğunlukla klinik görüşmeye dayalı karar verildiği, bu süreçte risk grubundaki çocukla ilgili öykü almada güçlük yaşandığı, bu nedenle aileler ve öğretmenlerden daha kapsamlı bilgiye gereksinim duyulduğu sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda aileler ve öğretmenlerin, özel öğrenme güçlüğü tıbbi tanılama sürecindeki rol ve sorumlulukları hakkında bilgilendirilmeleri, araştırmacıların farklı gereksinim gruplarının tıbbi tanılama sürecini ele almaları ve özel öğrenme güçlüğü tanılama sürecinde kullanılabilecek farklı ölçme araçlarının geliştirilmesine yönelik çalışmalar yapmaları ve son olarak hastanelerde görev alan psikologların nicelik yönünden arttırılması önerileri geliştirilmiştir.

References

  • 1. American Psychiatric Association (APA). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. Fifth edition. Washington, DC. American Psychiatric Publishing, 2013.
  • 2. Pierangelo R, Giuliani GA. Learning disabilities: A practical approach to foundations, assessment, diagnosis, and teaching. New York. Pearson, 2006.
  • 3. Lerner J, Johns B. Learning disabilities and related mild disabilities. 11th ed. Belmont, CA. Wadsworth, Cengage Learning, 2009.
  • 4. Driscoll K. When Learning disabilities mask ADHD. In: Schonwald A, ed. ADHD in Adolescents. 1st ed. Cham. Springer, 2020:101-7.
  • 5. Kranzler JH, FloydRG, Benson N, Zaboski B, Thibodaux L. Classification agreement analysis of Cross-Battery Assessment in the identification of specific learning disorders in children and youth. International Journal of School & Educational Psychology. 2016;4(3):124-136.
  • 6. Öğülmüş K, Açıkgöz MH, Okur M. Examining the diagnosis process of children with specific learning disabilities from the perspective of the family views. Route Educational & Social Science Journal. 2021; 8(7):201-18.
  • 7. Merriam SB. Qualitative research.and case study application in education. 2nd ed. San Francisco. Jossey-Bass, 1998.
  • 8. Creswell JW. Araştırma Deseni: Nitel, Nicel ve Karma Yöntem Yaklaşımları. (Demir SB, çev. ed). Ankara. Eğiten Kitap, 2013.
  • 9. Yıldırım A, Şimşek H. Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara. Seçkin Yayıncılık, 2018.
  • 10. Mapou RL. Adult Learning Disabilities and ADHD: Research-Informed Assessment. New York. Oxford University Press, 2008.
  • 11. Tuckman A. Integrative Treatment for Adult ADHD: A Practical, Easy-to-Use Guide for Clinicians. Oakland, Calif. New Harbinger Publications, 2007.
  • 12. Fletcher JM, Lyon GR, Fuchs LS, Barnes MA. Learning Disabilities: From Identification to Intervention. New York. Guilford Publications, 2018.
  • 13. Keogh EHABK, Brown FR. Diagnosis and Management of Learning Disabilities: An Interdisciplinary/Lifespan Approach. Cham. Springer, 2013.
  • 14. Kavale K, Fornes S, Bender M. Handbook of Learning Disabilities. 1th ed. San Diego. College Hill, 1987.
  • 15. Turgut S, Erden G, Karakaş S. Özgül öğrenme güçlüğü (ÖÖG), dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB) birlikteliği ve kontrol gruplarının ÖÖG bataryası ile belirlenen profilleri. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi. 2010:17(1):13-25.
  • 16. Vance HB. Psychological Assessment of Children: Best Practices for School and Clinical Settings. Hoboken, New Jersey. John Wiley & Sons Incorporated, 1998.
  • 17. Wiger DE. The Clinical Documentation Sourcebook: The Complete Paperwork Resource for Your Mental Health Practice. Hoboken, New Jersey. John Wiley & Sons, 2010.
  • 18. Karp RS. Library Services for Disabled Individuals. Boston. GK Hall, 1991.
  • 19. Styck KM, Watkins MW. Structural validity of the WISC-IV for students with learning disabilities. Journal of Learning Disabilities. 2016:49(2):216-24.
  • 20. Görgün B, Melekoğlu MA. Türkiye’de özel öğrenme güçlüğü alanında yapılan çalışmaların incelenmesi. Sakarya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 2019:9(1):83-106.
  • 21. Shaywitz BA, Fletcher JM, Shaywitz SE. Defining and classifying learning disabilities and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Child Neurology. 1995;10(suppl1):50-7.
  • 22. Mayes SD, Calhoun SL, Crowell EW. Learning disabilities and ADHD: Overlapping spectrum disorders. Journal of learning disabilities. 2000:33(5):417-24.
  • 23. Guerriero TS, Houser MA, McGinley VA. The Special Educator’s Guide to Assessment: A Comprehensive Overview by Idea Disability Category. Thousand Oaks. Calif: Sage Publications, 2020.
  • 24. Ollendick TH, Hersen ME. Handbook of Child and Adolescent Assessment. Boston. Allyn & Bacon, 1993.
  • 25. Lerner JW. Learning Disabilities: Theories, Diagnosis, and Teaching Strategies. Boston. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 1993.
  • 26. Banks CS, Feinberg S, Jordan BA, Deerr K., Langa M. Including Families of Children with Special Needs: A How-To-Do-It Manual for Librarians. Chicago. American Library Association, 2014.
  • 27. Brock A, Shute R. Group coping skills program for parents of children with dyslexia and other learning disabilities. Australian Journal of Learning Difficulties. 2001:6(4):15-25.
  • 28. McCaffrey E. The Maternal Experience in the Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Clinical Psychology Dissertation. Philadelphia. Chestnut Hill College, 2011.
  • 29. Carey WB, Crocker AC, Elias ER, Feldman HM, Coleman WL. Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics E-Book. Amsterdam. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2009.
  • 30. Handler SM, Fierson WM. Learning disabilities, dyslexia, and vision. Pediatrics. 2011:127(3):818-56.

Diagnosis Process of Specific Learning Disability

Year 2021, Volume: 23 Issue: 2, 395 - 404, 31.08.2021
https://doi.org/10.24938/kutfd.955800

Abstract

Objective: This study was carried out to evaluate the diagnosis process of children with specific learning disabilities according to the views of child and adolescent psychiatrists.
Material and Methods: This study is a phenomenology study based on qualitative research methods. Data collection in the research was carried out by semi-structured interview technique. The participant group of the study consisted of 17 child and adolescent psychiatrists.
Results: Research findings were gathered under the headings of evaluation, problems and suggestions. In the evaluation findings, the most coded item regarding how the diagnosis made was "clinical interview ", while the most coded items regarding the measurement tools used in the diagnosis process were "WISC-R" and "Specific Learning Disability Battery". The most frequently coded items regarding the problems occurring in the diagnosis process are "difficulty in taking anamnesis", "symptoms being confused because it is frequently associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder" and "not being able to get information from the teacher". The items coded regarding the expectations of the doctors from the families are "explaining the difficulties clearly experienced by the child" and "regular follow-up and close observation".
Conclusion: It was concluded that the decision was made mostly based on clinical interview in the diagnosis process of specific learning disabilities, and there was difficulty in taking the story of the child, therefore, more comprehensive information was needed from families and teachers. In line with the findings, following recommendations have been developed; families and teachers should be informed about the roles and responsibilities in diagnosis process of specific learning disabilities, researchers should work on the development of different measurement tools that can be used in the diagnosis of specific learning disabilities, and finally, the number of psychologists working in hospitals should be increased.

References

  • 1. American Psychiatric Association (APA). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. Fifth edition. Washington, DC. American Psychiatric Publishing, 2013.
  • 2. Pierangelo R, Giuliani GA. Learning disabilities: A practical approach to foundations, assessment, diagnosis, and teaching. New York. Pearson, 2006.
  • 3. Lerner J, Johns B. Learning disabilities and related mild disabilities. 11th ed. Belmont, CA. Wadsworth, Cengage Learning, 2009.
  • 4. Driscoll K. When Learning disabilities mask ADHD. In: Schonwald A, ed. ADHD in Adolescents. 1st ed. Cham. Springer, 2020:101-7.
  • 5. Kranzler JH, FloydRG, Benson N, Zaboski B, Thibodaux L. Classification agreement analysis of Cross-Battery Assessment in the identification of specific learning disorders in children and youth. International Journal of School & Educational Psychology. 2016;4(3):124-136.
  • 6. Öğülmüş K, Açıkgöz MH, Okur M. Examining the diagnosis process of children with specific learning disabilities from the perspective of the family views. Route Educational & Social Science Journal. 2021; 8(7):201-18.
  • 7. Merriam SB. Qualitative research.and case study application in education. 2nd ed. San Francisco. Jossey-Bass, 1998.
  • 8. Creswell JW. Araştırma Deseni: Nitel, Nicel ve Karma Yöntem Yaklaşımları. (Demir SB, çev. ed). Ankara. Eğiten Kitap, 2013.
  • 9. Yıldırım A, Şimşek H. Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara. Seçkin Yayıncılık, 2018.
  • 10. Mapou RL. Adult Learning Disabilities and ADHD: Research-Informed Assessment. New York. Oxford University Press, 2008.
  • 11. Tuckman A. Integrative Treatment for Adult ADHD: A Practical, Easy-to-Use Guide for Clinicians. Oakland, Calif. New Harbinger Publications, 2007.
  • 12. Fletcher JM, Lyon GR, Fuchs LS, Barnes MA. Learning Disabilities: From Identification to Intervention. New York. Guilford Publications, 2018.
  • 13. Keogh EHABK, Brown FR. Diagnosis and Management of Learning Disabilities: An Interdisciplinary/Lifespan Approach. Cham. Springer, 2013.
  • 14. Kavale K, Fornes S, Bender M. Handbook of Learning Disabilities. 1th ed. San Diego. College Hill, 1987.
  • 15. Turgut S, Erden G, Karakaş S. Özgül öğrenme güçlüğü (ÖÖG), dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB) birlikteliği ve kontrol gruplarının ÖÖG bataryası ile belirlenen profilleri. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi. 2010:17(1):13-25.
  • 16. Vance HB. Psychological Assessment of Children: Best Practices for School and Clinical Settings. Hoboken, New Jersey. John Wiley & Sons Incorporated, 1998.
  • 17. Wiger DE. The Clinical Documentation Sourcebook: The Complete Paperwork Resource for Your Mental Health Practice. Hoboken, New Jersey. John Wiley & Sons, 2010.
  • 18. Karp RS. Library Services for Disabled Individuals. Boston. GK Hall, 1991.
  • 19. Styck KM, Watkins MW. Structural validity of the WISC-IV for students with learning disabilities. Journal of Learning Disabilities. 2016:49(2):216-24.
  • 20. Görgün B, Melekoğlu MA. Türkiye’de özel öğrenme güçlüğü alanında yapılan çalışmaların incelenmesi. Sakarya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 2019:9(1):83-106.
  • 21. Shaywitz BA, Fletcher JM, Shaywitz SE. Defining and classifying learning disabilities and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Child Neurology. 1995;10(suppl1):50-7.
  • 22. Mayes SD, Calhoun SL, Crowell EW. Learning disabilities and ADHD: Overlapping spectrum disorders. Journal of learning disabilities. 2000:33(5):417-24.
  • 23. Guerriero TS, Houser MA, McGinley VA. The Special Educator’s Guide to Assessment: A Comprehensive Overview by Idea Disability Category. Thousand Oaks. Calif: Sage Publications, 2020.
  • 24. Ollendick TH, Hersen ME. Handbook of Child and Adolescent Assessment. Boston. Allyn & Bacon, 1993.
  • 25. Lerner JW. Learning Disabilities: Theories, Diagnosis, and Teaching Strategies. Boston. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 1993.
  • 26. Banks CS, Feinberg S, Jordan BA, Deerr K., Langa M. Including Families of Children with Special Needs: A How-To-Do-It Manual for Librarians. Chicago. American Library Association, 2014.
  • 27. Brock A, Shute R. Group coping skills program for parents of children with dyslexia and other learning disabilities. Australian Journal of Learning Difficulties. 2001:6(4):15-25.
  • 28. McCaffrey E. The Maternal Experience in the Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Clinical Psychology Dissertation. Philadelphia. Chestnut Hill College, 2011.
  • 29. Carey WB, Crocker AC, Elias ER, Feldman HM, Coleman WL. Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics E-Book. Amsterdam. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2009.
  • 30. Handler SM, Fierson WM. Learning disabilities, dyslexia, and vision. Pediatrics. 2011:127(3):818-56.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Kürşat Öğülmüş 0000-0001-7551-6894

Publication Date August 31, 2021
Submission Date June 22, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 23 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Öğülmüş, K. (2021). ÖZEL ÖĞRENME GÜÇLÜĞÜ TANILANMA SÜRECİ. Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(2), 395-404. https://doi.org/10.24938/kutfd.955800
AMA Öğülmüş K. ÖZEL ÖĞRENME GÜÇLÜĞÜ TANILANMA SÜRECİ. Kırıkkale Uni Med J. August 2021;23(2):395-404. doi:10.24938/kutfd.955800
Chicago Öğülmüş, Kürşat. “ÖZEL ÖĞRENME GÜÇLÜĞÜ TANILANMA SÜRECİ”. Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 23, no. 2 (August 2021): 395-404. https://doi.org/10.24938/kutfd.955800.
EndNote Öğülmüş K (August 1, 2021) ÖZEL ÖĞRENME GÜÇLÜĞÜ TANILANMA SÜRECİ. Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 23 2 395–404.
IEEE K. Öğülmüş, “ÖZEL ÖĞRENME GÜÇLÜĞÜ TANILANMA SÜRECİ”, Kırıkkale Uni Med J, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 395–404, 2021, doi: 10.24938/kutfd.955800.
ISNAD Öğülmüş, Kürşat. “ÖZEL ÖĞRENME GÜÇLÜĞÜ TANILANMA SÜRECİ”. Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 23/2 (August 2021), 395-404. https://doi.org/10.24938/kutfd.955800.
JAMA Öğülmüş K. ÖZEL ÖĞRENME GÜÇLÜĞÜ TANILANMA SÜRECİ. Kırıkkale Uni Med J. 2021;23:395–404.
MLA Öğülmüş, Kürşat. “ÖZEL ÖĞRENME GÜÇLÜĞÜ TANILANMA SÜRECİ”. Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 23, no. 2, 2021, pp. 395-04, doi:10.24938/kutfd.955800.
Vancouver Öğülmüş K. ÖZEL ÖĞRENME GÜÇLÜĞÜ TANILANMA SÜRECİ. Kırıkkale Uni Med J. 2021;23(2):395-404.

Bu Dergi, Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Yayınıdır.