Molecular Detection of INT, HWP, PLB, SAP and ALS Genes in Candida Species Isolated from Patients with Vulvovaginal Candidiasis

Year 2023, Volume: 25 Issue: 3, 431 - 437, 26.12.2023

Semih Tokak , İbrahim Halil Kılıç , Elif Gülbahçe Mutlu , Fadime Beyazyüz , Jule Eriç Horasanlı , Fatma Esenkaya Taşbent

https://doi.org/10.24938/kutfd.1332656

Abstract

Objective: Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a superficial fungal infection that occurs in approximately 75% of women at least once in their lifetime. Some genes are involved in the adhesion and pathogenesis of Candida species to the mucosa and epithelial cells of the vagina. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of HWP1 (hyphal wall protein), ALS1 (agglutinin-like sequence), SAP1 (secreted aspartyl proteases), PLB1 (phospholipase B), INT1 (integrin A) genes in Candida strains isolated from vulvovaginal candidiasis patients.
Material and Methods: The study included 100 vaginal Candida isolates identified by using molecular technique. The presence of INT1, HWP1, PLB1, SAP1 and ALS1 genes, which play an important role in infection, were investigated using PCR method in all isolated Candida strains.
Results: SAP1, INT1 and HWP1 virulence genes were commonly found in Candida strains, while the PLB gene was least detected. The SAP1 (93.0%) gene was the most detected virulence gene, followed by the HWP1 gene (86%) in Candida albicans strains. Similarly, among the virulence genes in non-albicans Candida strains, the SAP1 gene (86%) was the most detected virulence gene. At least two virulence factors have been identified that can cause VVC in 95% of the different Candida species.
Conclusion: The results obtained in this study suggests that INT, HWP, PLB, SAP and ALS genes expressed during vulvovaginal candidiasis infection may have contributed to the adherence of Candida strains to the vagina and biofilm formation.

Keywords

Candida, vulvovaginal candidiasis, virulence genes, adhesion

Project Number

Yok

VULVOVAJİNAL KANDİDİYAZİSLİ HASTALARDAN İZOLE EDİLEN CANDİDA TÜRLERİNDEKİ INT, HWP, PLB, SAP VE ALS GENLERİNİN MOLEKÜLER TESPİTİ

Abstract

Amaç: Vulvovajinal kandidiyazis, kadınların yaklaşık %75’inde yaşamları boyunca en az bir kez görülen yüzeysel mantar enfeksiyonudur. Bazı genler, Candida türlerinin vajina mukozasına ve epitel hücrelerine yapışmasında ve patogenezinde rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, vulvovajinal kandidiyazisli hastalardan izole edilen Candida suşlarındaki HWP1 (hifal duvar proteini), ALS1 (agglutinin benzeri sekans), SAP1 (sekrete aspartil proteaz), PLB1 (fosfolipaz B), INT1 (integrin A) genlerinin sıklığının araştırılmasıdır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya moleküler teknik kullanılarak tanımlanan 100 vajinal Candida izolatı dahil edildi. İzole edilen tüm Candida suşlarında, enfeksiyon da önemli rol oynayan INT1, HWP1, PLB1, SAP1 ve ALS1 genlerinin varlığı PCR yöntemi kullanılarak araştırıldı.
Bulgular: SAP1, INT1 ve HWP1 virülans genleri Candida suşları arasında en yaygın, PLB geni en az tespit edilen gen olmuştur. Candida albicans suşlarında SAP1 (%93.0) geni en çok saptanan virülans geni olurken, bunu HWP1 geni (%86) takip etmiştir. Benzer şekilde non-albicans Candida türlerinde saptanan virülans genleri arasında SAP1 geni (%86) en fazla saptanan virülans geni olmuştur. Farklı Candida türlerinin %95’inde VVK’ya neden olabilecek en az iki virülans faktörü tanımlanmıştır.
Sonuç: Bu çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar, vulvovajinal kandidiyazis enfeksiyonu sırasında eksprese edilen INT, HWP, PLB, SAP ve ALS genlerinin, Candida suşlarının vajinaya adezyonuna ve biyofilm oluşumuna katkıda bulunmuş olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.

Keywords

Candida, vulvovajinal kandidiyaz, virülans genleri, adezyon

Supporting Institution

Yok

Project Number

Yok

Thanks

Yok

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