Mavi Calopo (Calopogonium caeruleum) Tohumlarının Çimlenmesinin İyileştirilmesi

Abstract

Calopogonium caeruleum, Endonezya’daki plantasyonlarda yaygın olarak yem bitkisi ve toprak örtüsü olarak kullanılan baklagil bir bitkidir. Ayrıca, verimsiz (marjinal) arazilerde toprak örtüsü olarak kullanılabilecek umut verici bir seçenek olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Ancak, bu bitkinin yetiştirilmesi, çimlenmeyi engelleyen sert bir tohum kabuğuna sahip olması nedeniyle bazı zorluklar içermektedir. Bu nedenle, çimlenmeyi artırmak amacıyla çeşitli skarifikasyon (tohum kabuğunu yumuşatma) yöntemleri uygulanmıştır. Uygulanan ön işlemler arasında; (i) %95–98 sülfürik asitle 5, 10, 15 ve 20 dakika süreyle muamele, (ii) ortam sıcaklığında %0.3 KNO₃ çözeltisinde 12, 24, 36 ve 48 saat bekletme, (iii) 70 °C sıcaklıkta gliserin ile 30, 60, 90 ve 120 dakika işlem görme, (iv) zımpara kâğıdı ile 2 ve 4 kez fiziksel aşındırma yer almaktadır. Bu işlemler arasında, 70 °C’de 120 dakika boyunca gliserin ile yapılan uygulama, C. caeruleum tohumlarında en yüksek çimlenme oranı ve tohum canlılığı sonucunu vermiştir.

Keywords

• yem
• baklagil
• skarifikasyon
• tohum
• çimlenme

Optimizing Seed Sprouting of Blue Calopo (Calopogonium caeruleum)

Abstract

Calopogonium caeruleum is a leguminous plant commonly used as forage and as ground cover in Indonesian plantations. It is also regarded as a promising option for ground cover on marginal lands. However, its cultivation faces challenges due to the presence of a hard seed coat, which hinders germination. Various scarification methods were treated to seeds to enhance germination. It is used pre-treatment are (i) using 95-98 % of sulfuric acid for 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes, (ii) using 0.3 % of KNO3 in ambient temperature for 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours, (iii) using glycerine at 70oC for 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes, (iv) using sandpaper with 2 and 4 times of scratch. The treatment using glycerine at 60°C for 120 minutes showed the best result of germination percentage and seed vigor on C. caeruleum seeds.

Keywords

• forage
• legume
• scarification
• seed
• sprouting

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