Emergent Contaminants in Freshwater Ecosystem: A case study from Turkey

Year 2023, , 1 - 15, 31.03.2023

Ayhan Filazi , Özgür Kuzukıran , Gülçin Akca , Begüm Yurdakök Dikmen , Selin Özkan Kotiloğlu , Mahmut Selvi , Figen Erkoç

https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.1195207

Abstract

The current study evaluated certain emerging contaminants in the Susurluk sub-basin, an area under significant anthropogenic pollution pressure. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), organochlorine insecticides, and microplastics were investigated both from surface and sediment samples collected in dry and wet seasons. γ-HCH and β-HCH were detected in the dry season from Kocaçay River reaching the Marmara Sea. Dieldrin concentrations were also very high in river sediments during the dry season. Nilüfer Stream is a significant waterway close to industrial and urban areas and under impact of pollution due to high concentrations of PCBs, DDT, and its’ metabolites. Sediment samples contained higher levels of contaminants: DDT and metabolites were found in sediments from almost all stations. According to the Hazard quotient coefficient, all detected pollutants were found to be >1, indicating a high risk in the river system. Fiber was the dominant microplastic. The water quality of Nilüfer Stream was poor/bad in quality both in dry and wet seasons, while Kocaçay River was moderate and poor/bad quality in dry and wet seasons, respectively. The findings of bacterial growth augmented and worsened water quality in the river basin with coliforms dominating, as assessed at the genus/species level and were very abundant. 

Keywords

Aquatic Contaminants, Fecal coliform, Microplastics, POPs, Susurluk Basin, Water quality.

Supporting Institution

Gazi University BAP unit

Project Number

04/2018-08

Thanks

This research was funded by Gazi University BAP unit, Project No: 04/2018-08. We would like to thank Ülkü Nihan Tavşanoğlu, Gökben Başaran, Belda Erkmen, Tamer Çırak, Gizem Bezirci and Tuba Bucak for their contribution to field and laboratory studies, Elif Paçal, Fatma Feisal Almas, Tülay Pekmez and Recep Uyar for lab assistance, and Ali Serhan Çağan for field assistance.

Tatlısu Ekosisteminde Endişe Yaratan Kirleticiler: Türkiye’den Bir Vaka Çalışması

Abstract

Bu çalışma, önemli antropojenik kirlilik baskısı altındaki bir alan olan Susurluk alt havzasında ortaya çıkan bazı endişe yaratan kirleticiler değerlendirmiştir. Kurak ve yağışlı mevsimlerde toplanan yüzey ve sediman örneklerinde poliklorlu bifeniller (PCBler), polibromlu bifeniller difenil eterler (PBDEler), organoklorlu insektisitler ve mikroplastikler araştırılmıştır. γ-HCH and β-HCH, Kocaçay Nehri’nin Marmara Denizi’ne dökülen bölgesinde kurak mevsimde tespit edilmiştir. Dieldrin konsantrasyonları da kurak mevsim boyunca nehir sedimanlarında çok yüksektir. Nilüfer çayı endüstriyel ve kentsel alanlara yakın olan önemli bir su yoludur ve yüksek konsantrasyondaki PCBler, DDT ve metabolitleri nedeniyle kirlilik etkisi altındadır. Sediman örnekleri daha yüksek seviyede kirletici içermektedir: DDT ve metabolitleri neredeyse tüm istasyonlardan alınan sediman örneklerinde bulunmuştur. Tehlike oranı katsayısına (Hazard Quotient) göre tesbit edilen tüm kirleticiler >1 olarak bulunmuş ve bu da nehir sisteminde yüksek risk olduğunu göstermiştir. Mikroplastikler içinde fiber en baskın olanıdır. Nilüfer Çayı’nın su kalitesi hem kurak hem de yağışlı sezonda kötü iken, Kocaçay Nehri’nin su kalitesi kurak mevsimde orta ve yağışlı mevsimde kötüdür. Cins/tür düzeyinde değerlendirildiğinde koliformların hakim olduğu ve çok miktarda olan bakteriyel büyüme bulguları da nehir havzasındaki su kalitesini kötüleştirmiştir. 

Keywords

Sucul kirleticiler, Fekal koliform, Mikroplastikler, Kalıcı organik kirleticiler, Susurluk Havzası, Su kalitesi

Project Number

04/2018-08

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