Investigation of Novel Hematological Index Variations in Cats Naturally Infected with Feline Panleukopenia Virus

Abstract

Feline panleukopenia is a viral infection that impacts cats of all age groups, with particularly high mortality rates observed around the age of 3 months. The disease spreads through the fecal-oral transmission route. This study aims to evaluate the levels of various inflammatory hematologic indices—specifically, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), and systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII)—in cats naturally exposed to Feline Panleukopenia Virus (FPV), and to assess the potential of these indices as markers of inflammation. Two groups were included in the study: a control group consisting of 20 healthy cats and an experimental group consisting of 40 cats showing symptoms of anorexia, vomiting, and/or diarrhea, diagnosed with FPV using a rapid test kit. All cats in both groups were between 0 and 3 months old and represented a variety of breeds and genders. No significant differences were found between the groups for the NLR and LMR values (with p-values of 0.054 and 0.627, respectively). However, the PLR was significantly higher in the FPV-infected group compared to the control group (p<0.001). In contrast, the SIRI (p<0.001) and SII (p=0.002) values were notably lower in the FPV-infected cats. In conclusion, this study revealed that there were significant differences in haematological indices between the two groups and PLR, SIRI and SII were important markers to reflect the inflammatory status in FPV infection.

Keywords

• Feline panleukopenia virus
• Lymphocyte to monocyte ratio
• Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio
• Systemic immune-inflammation index
• Systemic inflammatory response index

Feline Panlökopeni Virüsüyle Doğal Enfekte Kedilerde Yeni Hematolojik İndeks Varyasyonlarının Araştırılması

Abstract

Feline panlökopeni, tüm yaş gruplarındaki kedileri etkileyen viral bir enfeksiyondur ve özellikle 3 aylık civarında yüksek ölüm oranları görülür. Hastalık fekal-oral bulaşma yolu ile yayılır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, doğal olarak Feline Panlökopeni Virüsüne (FPV) maruz kalan kedilerde çeşitli inflamatuar hematolojik indekslerin (özellikle nötrofil-lenfosit oranı (NLR), trombosit-lenfosit oranı (PLR), lenfosit-monosit oranı (LMR), sistemik inflamasyon yanıt indeksi (SIRI) ve sistemik immün-inflamatuar indeks (SII) düzeylerini ve bu indekslerin inflamasyon belirteçleri olarak potansiyelini değerlendirmektir. Çalışma 20 sağlıklı kediden oluşan bir kontrol grubu ve anoreksi, kusma ve/veya ishal semptomları gösteren ve hızlı test kitiyle FPV tanısı koyulmuş olan 40 kediden oluşan bir deney grubu olarak iki gruptan oluştu. Her iki gruptaki kediler 0 ila 3 aylık yaşta, çeşitli ırk ve cinsiyetlerden oluştu. Gruplar arasında NLR ve LMR değerleri açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır (p-değerleri sırasıyla 0,054 ve 0,627'dir). Ancak, PLR değeri FPV ile enfekte grupta kontrol grubuna kıyasla anlamlı derecede yüksekti (p<0,001). Buna karşılık, SIRI (p<0,001) ve SII (p=0,002) değerleri FPV ile enfekte kedilerde belirgin şekilde daha düşüktü. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma iki grup arasında hematolojik indekslerde önemli farklılıklar olduğunu ve PLR, SIRI ve SII'nin FPV enfeksiyonunda inflamatuar durumu yansıtmada önemli belirteçler olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.

Keywords

• Feline panlöpeni virüs
• Lenfosit-monosit oranı
• Nötrofil-lenfosit oranı
• Sistemik immun inflamasyon indeksi
• Sistemik inflamasyon yanıt indeksi

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