Orta Anadolu ve Trakya'da Kızıl Tilkilerde (Vulpes vulpes) Dışkı Muayenesine Göre Bulunan Helmint Türleri

Year 2019, , 343 - 350, 30.09.2019

Ali Tümay Gürler , Cenk Soner Bölükbaş , Mustafa Açıcı , Şinasi Umur

https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.548651

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Kızıl
tilkiler insanların yaşadığı alanlara yakın bölgelere adapte olmuş, dünyada en
yoğun popülasyona sahip olan yabani karnivorlardır. Birçok helmint türü için
sonkonak olan tilkilerde, zoonoz helmintler başta olmak üzere, çok sayıda
araştırma yapıldığı görülür. Ülkemizde ise konu ile ilgili bilgi oldukça
sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmada tilkilerde dışkı bakısıyla tespit ettiğimiz
helmintlerin bildirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma süresince Orta Anadolu'yu
temsilen Kayseri ve Nevşehir illerinden ve Trakya'yı temsilen Kırklareli,
Tekirdağ ve Edirne illerinden toplanan 409 tilki dışkısı fuelleborn-flotasyon
yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. İncelen örneklerin %65,8'inde 16 farklı helmint
yumurta tipine rastlanmıştır; Dicrocoelid, diplostomid, echinostomid,
heterophyid, anoplocephalid, Joyeuxiella sp., Mesocestoides sp., Taenia
sp. Capillaria sp., rictularid, strongyl, strongyloid, Trichuris sp., Toxascaris leonina, ve Toxocara
sp. Bu yumurtalardan trematodlar, taenid tip ve Toxocara sp. yumurtaları zoonotik önemlerinden dolayı ön plana
çıkmıştır. Ayrıca Trichuris sp. tilkilerden ülkemizde ilk bildirim
olmuştur.

Keywords

Kızıl tilki, helmint, dışkı bakısı, Orta Anadolu, Trakya

Determination of Helminths of Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) by Fecal Examination in Middle Anatolia and Thrace

Abstract

Red foxes, which are wild carnivores with the densest
population in the world, live in areas close to where people live. There are
numerous studies on parasites, especially about zoonotic helminths, in red
foxes are definitive hosts for various parasite species. Limited numbered of
researches have been conducted in Turkey. The purpose of this study was to
investigate the helminths of red fox by fecal examination. In total, 409 fox
feces were examined by fulleborne-flutation method and 16 different types of
helminth eggs were detected on 65,8% of samples; Dicrocoelid, diplostomid,
echinostomid, heterophyid, anoplocephalid, Joyeuxiella sp., Mesocestoides sp.,
Taenia sp. Capillaria sp., rictularid, strongyl, strongyloid, Trichuris sp.,
Toxascaris leonina, ve Toxocara sp. Trematod eggs, taenid type eggs and
Toxocara sp. had more importance, because of their zoonotic importance. Additionally,
Trichuris sp. was the first report from red foxes in Turkey.

Keywords

Red fox, helminth, fecal examination, Middle Anatolia, Thrace

References

• Alagaili AN, Osama BM, Sawsan AO. Gastrointestinal parasites and their prevalence in the Arabian red fox (Vulpes vulpes arabica) from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Veterinary Parasitology, 2011; 180: 336-339.
• Avcıoğlu H, Güven E, Balkaya İ, Kurt A, Oral A, Kirman R, Bia MM, Gülbeyen H, Yaya S, Akyurt M. Molecular epidemiology of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis in Erzurum, Turkey. 27. World Congress on Echinococcosis, Algiers, Algeria, 2018.
• Ayaz E, Değer S, Gül A. Van ilinde bir tilkide (Vulpes vulpes) bulunan helmintler. Türkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi, 2001; 25: 163-165.
• Aypak S, Aysul N, Ural K, Birincioğlu S, Atasoy A, Derincegöz O, Epikmen T, Karanenç T. A case of diffuse peritoneal larval Mesocestoides corti (syn. M. vogae) cestodiasis in a dog in Turkey. Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 2012; 18: 885-888.
• Biçek K, Değer MS, Karakuş A. The first case of Platynosomum fastosum Kossca, 1910 in cats in Turkey. Van Veterinary Journal, 2017; 28: 113-115.
• Bowman DD, Hendrix CM, Lindsay DS, Barr SC. Feline Clinical Parasitology. Iowa State University Press, Ames, 2002.
• Burgu A, Güçlü F. Bir tilkide rastlanan trematod türleri. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 1991; 38: 227-241.
• Cerbo AR, Manfredi MT, Trevisiol K, Bregoli M, Ferrari N, Pirinesi F, Bazzoli S. Intestinal helminth communities of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes L.) in the Italian Alps. Acta Parasitologica, 2008; 53: 302-311.
• Chai JY, Jung BK. Fishborne zoonotic heterophyid infections: An update. Food and Waterborne Parasitology, 2017; 8-9: 33-63.
• Craig HL, Craig PS.Helminth parasites of wolves (Canis lupus): a species list and an analysis of published prevalence studies in Nearctic and Palaearctic populations. Journal of Helminthology, 2005; 79: 95-103.
• Criado-Fornelio A, Gutierrez-Garcia L, Rodrigues-Caabeiro F, Reus-Garcia E, Roldan-Soriano MA, Diaz-Sanchez MA. A parasitological survey of wild red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from the province of Guadalajara, Spain. Veterinary Parasitology, 2000; 92: 245-251.
• Dalimi A, Sattari A, Motamedi G. A study on intestinal helminthes of dogs, foxes and jackals in the western part of Iran. Veterinary Parasitology, 2006; 142: 129-133.Dumanlı N, Karaer A. Veteriner Protozooloji. Medisan Yayınları, 2010, Ankara.
• Gıcık Y, Kara M, Sarı B, Kilis K, Arslan MÖ. Intestinal parasites of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and their zoonotic importance for humans in Kars Province. Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 2009; 15: 135-140.
• Gortazar C, Villafuerte R, Lucientes J, Fernandez de Luco D. Habitat related differences in helminth parasites of red foxes in the Ebro valley. Veterinary Parasitology, 1998; 80: 75-81.
• Gönenç B, Öge H, Öge S, Emir H, Özbakış G, Aştı C. First record of Lyperosomum longicauda Rudolphi, 1809 (Trematoda: Dicrocoeliidae) in Northern Bald Ibis (Geronticus eremita) in Turkey. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 2012; 59: 227-230.
• Güralp N. Helmintoloji. 2. Baskı. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Yayin No: 368/266, 1981, Ankara.
• Hackett F, Walters TMH. Helminths of the red fox in Mid-Wales. Veterinary Parasitology, 1980; 7: 181-184.
• Gürler AT, Gori F, Bölükbaş CS, Açıcı M, Umur Ş, Deplazes P. Investigation of Echinococcus multilocularis in environmental definitive host feces in the Asian and the European parts of Turkey. Frontiers Veterinary Science, 2018; 5: 48.
• Hegglin D, Deplazes P. Control strategy for Echinococcus multilocularis. Emergence of Infectious Disease. 2008; 14: 1626-1628.
• Hildebrand J, Sitko J, Zaleśny G, Jeżewski W, Laskowski Z. Molecular characteristics of representatives of the genus Brachylecithum Shtrom, 1940 (Digenea, Dicrocoeliidae) with comments on life cycle and host specificity. Parasitology Research, 2016; 115: 1417-1425.
• Letkova V, Lazar P, Curlik J, Goldova M, Kocisova A, Kosuthova L, Mojzisova J. The red fox (Vulpes vulpes L.) as a source of zoonoses. Veterinary Arhiv, 2006; 76: 73-81.
• Magi M, Calderini P, Gabrielli S, Dell'Omodarme M, Macchioni F, Prati MC, Cancrini G. Vulpes vulpes: A possible wild reservoir for zoonotic filariae. Vector Borne and Zoonotic Disease, 2008; 8: 249-252.
• Magnaval JF, Glickman LT. Management and treatment options for human toxocariasis. In: Toxocara, the Enigmatic Parasite, Holland CV and Smith HV (Eds.), CABI Publishing, Wallingford, Oxfordshire UK, 2006, pp. 113-126.
• Martinez-Carrasco C, Ruiz de Ybanez MR, Sagarminaga JL, Garijo MM, Moreno F, Acosta I Hernandez S, Alonso FD. Parasites of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes Linnaeus, 1758) in Murcia, southeast Spain. Revue de Medicine Veterinarie, 2007; 158: 331-335.
• Mimioğlu MM, Güralp N, Tolgay N, Sayın F. Ankara civarinda tilkilerde (Vulpes vulpes) bulduğumuz helmintler. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 1965; 12: 164-190.
• Moravec F. Review of capillariid and trichosomoidid nematodes from mammals in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemicae, 2000; 64: 271-304.
• Oksanen A, Siles-Lucas M, Karamın J, Possenti A, Conraths FJ, Romig T, Wysocki P, Mannocci A, Mipatrini D, Torre G, Boufana B, Casulli A. The geographical distribution and prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in animals in the European Union and adjacent countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Parasites & Vectors, 2016; 9: 519e.
• Olson PD, Cribbb TH, Tkach VV, Bray RA, Littlewood DTJ. Phylogeny and classification of the Digenea (Platyhelminthes: Trematoda). International Journal for Parasitology, 2003; 33: 733-755.
• Pojmańska T. Family Dicrocoeliidae Looss, 1899. In: Keys to the Trematoda, vol 3, Bray RA, Gibson DI and Jones A (Eds.), CABI Publishing and The Natural History Museum, London, 2008, pp 233-260.
• Rataj AV, Posedi J, Zele D, Vengust G. Intestinal parasites of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in Slovenia. Acta Veterinary Hungary, 2013; 61: 454-462.
• Reperant LA, Hegglin D, Fischer C, Kohler L, Weber JM, Deplazes P. Influence of urbanization on the epidemiology of intestinal helminths of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in Geneva, Switzerland. Parasitology Research, 2007; 101: 605-611.
• Richards DT, Harris S, Lewis JW. Epidemiological studies on intestinal helminth parasites of rural and urban red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in the United Kingdom. Veterinary Parasitology, 2007; 59: 39-51.
• Saeed I, Maddox-Hyttel C, Monrad J, Kapel CMO. Helminths of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Denmark. Veterinary Parasitology, 2006; 139: 168-179.
• Shimalov VV, Shimalov VT. Helminth fauna of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes Linnaeus, 1758) in southern Belarus. Parasitology Research, 2003; 89: 77-78.
• Smith GC, Gangadharan B, Taylor Z, Laurenson MK, Bradshaw H, Hide G, Hughes JM, Dinkel A, Romig T, Craig PS. Prevalence of zoonotic important parasite in the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in Great Britain. Veterinary Parasitology, 2003; 118: 133-142.
• Taşan E. Elazığ ve Tunceli yörelerinde yabani tavşanlarda (Lepus europaeus Pallas) helmintleri ve bunların yayılışı üzerinde araştırma. Fırat Universitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 1989; 3: 75-81.
• Thienpont D, Rochette F, Vanparijs OFJ. Diagnose von Helminthosen Durch Koproskopische Untersuchung. Janssen Pharmaceutica, Beerse, 1990.
• Tınar R. Ankara köpeklerinde iki yeni trematod olgusu: Phagicola italica (Alessandrini, 1906) ve Eclıinochasmus perfoliatus (Von Ratz. 1908). Fırat Universitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 1976; 3: 53-61.
• Tınar R. Veteriner Helmintoloji. Nobel Basımevi, Ankara, 2011.
• Umur Ş. Türkiye kedilerinde ilk Metagonimus yokogawai Katsurada, 1912 (Trematoda, Heterophyidae) olgusu. Türkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi, 1997; 21: 67-70.
• Umur Ş. Bir köpekte Alaria alata olgusu. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Science, 1998; 22: 89-92.
• Vervaeke M, Dorny P, Bruyn L, Vercammen F, Jordaens K, Berge K, Verhagen R. A survey of intestinal helminths of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in northern Belgium. Acta Parasitolica, 2005; 50: 221-227.
• Wolfe A, Hogan S, Maguire D, Fitzpatrick C, Vaughan L, Wall D, Hayden TJ, Mulcahy G. Red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Ireland as hosts for parasites of potential zoonotic and veterinary significance. Veterinary Record, 2001; 149: 759-763.
• Zare-Bidaki M, Mobedi I, Ahari SS, Habibizadeh S, Naddaf SR, Siavashi MR. Prevalence of zoonotic intestinal helminths of canids in Moghan Plain, Northwestern Iran. Iran Journal for Parasitology, 2010; 5: 42-51.
• Zeybek H, Tokay A. Ankara yöresinde evcil ve yabani canidaelerde Echinococcus türlerinin yayılışı, cyst şekillerinin ensidansı ve kontrol olanaklarının araştırılması. Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, 1990; 6: 1-19.
• Ziadinov I, Deplazes P, Mathis A, Mutunova B, Abdykerimov K, Nurgaziev R, Torgerson PR. Frequency distribution of Echinococcus multilocularis and other helminths of foxes in Kyrgyzstan. Veterinary Parasitology, 2010; 171: 286-292.