Farklı Dozlarda C Vitamini Uygulanan Koyunların İleri Gebelik, Erken ve Geç Laktasyon Dönemleri ile Bunlardan Doğacak Kuzularda Hematolojik ve Biyokimyasal Parametrelerin Tespiti

Year 2022, , 69 - 83, 31.03.2022

İlyas Alak , Sema Gürgöze

https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.952674

Abstract

Çalışma; antioksidan vitaminlerden C vitamininin farklı dozda uygulamalarının, gebelik ve laktasyon dönemindeki koyunlarda ve bunlardan doğacak kuzularda hematoloji ve bazı biyokimyasal parametreler üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırılması amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışmada toplam 48 koyun ile bunlardan doğan 50 kuzu kullanıldı. Koyunlar dört gruba ayrıldı. Grup1 (negatif (-) kontrol, n:8) ve Grup2 (pozitif (+) kontrol, n:13)’deki koyunlara serum fizyolojik, Grup3 (n:13) ve Grup4 (n:14)’teki koyunlara ise gebeliğin 4. ayının başlamasıyla birlikte doğuma kadar her hafta sırasıyla 2.5 ml ve 5 ml C vitamini enjeksiyonu yapıldı. Gebe koyunlarda C vitamini uygulamasının hematolojik parametreler ile ALP, AST, ALT, TP, Kreatinin, Üre, Fe, Na+ ve Ca++ parametreleri üzerine önemli bir etkisi olmazken; gebelik döneminde glikoz düzeyinde artma, laktasyon döneminde ise K+ düzeyinde azalma istatistiksel açıdan önemli bulundu (p<0.05). Kuzularda yapılan gruplar arası karşılaştırmalarda C vitamini enjeksiyonu, ölçülen parametreler üzerine etkili bulunmadı. Grup içi kıyaslamalarda ise 4 haftalık kuzularda 1 haftalık kuzulara göre MCV ve ALP düzeylerinde istatistiksel açıdan önemli derecede azalma (p:0.01), Fe düzeyinde ise artma tespit edildi (p:0.01). Sonuç olarak; gebelik döneminde C vitamini ilavesinin gebe koyunlar ile bu koyunlardan doğan kuzularda metabolik olarak fazlaca değişiklik yapmadığı görülmekte, bununla birlikte C vitamininin farklı doz ve uygulama yollarının denenebileceği daha ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

Keywords

Biyokimyasal parametreler, C vitamini, Gebelik, Koyun, Laktasyon

Supporting Institution

Dicle Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonu Başkanlığı

Project Number

VETERİNER.17.012

Thanks

VETERİNER.17.012 kodlu proje ile bu tez çalışmasının yapılmasındaki katkılarından dolayı Dicle Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi’ne ve Bahri Dağdaş Uluslararası Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Küçükbaş Hayvan Yetiştirme Bölümü Başkanı Mesut KIRBAŞ ile çalışanlarına teşekkür ederiz.

Determination of haematological and some biochemical parameters in lambs born to them, in the late pregnancy, early and late lactation periods of the sheep C vitamins at different doses application

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of vitamine C administration with different doses on some haematological and biochemical parameters in ewes of different pregnancy and lactation periods and in their lambs. A total of 48 sheep and 50 lambs born from them were used in the study. Ewes were divided into four groups. Group 1 (n:8) negative (-) control, Group 2 (n:13) positive (+) control were injected with phisiologic saline solution while Group 3 (n:13) and Group 4 (n:14) were injected with 2.5 ml and 5 ml vitamine C beginning from 4th month of pregnancy until delivery. While vitamin C administration in pregnant ewes had no significant effect on hemotological parameters and ALP, AST, TP, Creatinine, Urea, Fe, Na+ and Ca++ parameters; increase in glucose level during pregnancy and decrease in K+level during lactation were found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Vitamin C was not found to be effective on the measured parameters in the comparisons between groups in lambs. In the intergroup comparisons, a statistically significant decreased in MCV and ALP levels (p:0.01) and an increased in Fe levels were detected in 4 week old lambs compared to 1 week old lambs (p:0.01). As a result, it is seen that the addition of vitamin C during pregnancy does not make much metabolic changes in pregnant sheep and lambs born from these sheep, however, further studies are needed to test different doses and administration routes of vitamin C.

Keywords

Biochemical Parameters, Ewe, Lactation, Pregnancy, Vitamin C

Project Number

VETERİNER.17.012

References

• Abdou TA. Studies on pregnancy toxaemia in goatusing isotopes. Dept. of Internal Medicine Infections disease and Fish.Cairo University. (Ph.D. Thesis). 1995.
• Ahmed MMM, Siham AK, Barri MES. Macromineral profile in the plasma of Nubian goats as affected by the physiologial state. Small Ruminant Res. 2000; 38:249-254.
• Antunovic Z, Novoselec J, Speranda M, Vegara M, Pavic V, Mioc B, Djidara M. Changes in biochemical and hematological parameters and metabolic hormones in Tsigai ewes blood in the first third of lactation. Archiv Tierzucht. 2011; 54(5):535-545.
• Antunovic Z, Senci D, Šperanda M, Liker B. Influence of the season and the reproductive status of ewes on blood parameters. Small Ruminant Research. 2002; 45:39-44.
• Antunovic Z, Speranda M, Novoselec J, Didara M, Mioc B, Klir Z, Samac D. Blood metabolic profile and acid-base balance of dairy goats and their kids during lactation. Veterinarski Arhiv. 2017; 87(1):43-55.
• Antunovic Z, Speranda M, Sencic D, Novoselec J, Steiner Z, Djidara M. Influence of Age on Some Blood Parameters of Lambs in Organic Production. Macedonian Journal of Animal Science. 2012; 1(2):11-15.
• Azab ME, Abdel-Maksoud HA. Changes in some hematological and biochemical parameters during prepartum and postpartum periods in female Baladi goats. Small Ruminant Res. 1999; 34(1):77-85.
• Badawi NM, AL-Hadithy HAH. The Hematological Parameters in Clinically Healthy Iraqi Awassi Sheep. World's Vet. J. 2014; 4(1):01-05.
• Balikci E, Yildiz A, Gurdogan F. Blood metabolite concentration during pregnancy and postpartum in Akkaraman ewes. Small Rumin. 2007; 67:247-251.
• Belic B, Cincovic MR, Stojanovic D, Kovacevic Z, Medic S, Simic V. Hematology parameters and physical response to heat stress in dairy cows. Contemporary Agriculture. 2010; 59(1-2):161-166.
• Bell AW. Regulation of organic nutrient metabolism during transition from late pregnancy to early lactation. Journal of Animal Science. 1995; 73(9): 2804-2819.
• Blum JW, Kunz P, Leuenberger H, Gautschı K, Keller M. Thyroid hormones, blood plasma metabolites and haematological parameters in relationship to milk yield in dairy cows. Anim. Prod. 1983; 36:93-104.
• Chattopadhyay R, Choudhury G, Sinra R. Studies on The Ascorbic Acid Content of Blood Plasma During Different Stages of Oestrus Cycle and Early Pregnancy in Cross Bred Cows (Jersey X Hariana Cross). Proc. Session Indian Cong. 1972; 59(4):26-27.
• Cummins KA, Bush LJ, White TW. "Ascorbate in cattle: a review." The Professional Animal Scientist. 1992; 8(1):22-29.
• de Oliveira FBB, Fernandes CCL, Silva AM, Silva CMG, de Souza Rodrigues LF, da Silva CP, Rondina D. Impact of body condition on postpartum features in morada nova sheep. Semina: Ciências Agrárias. 2016; 37(3), 1581-1593.
• Durotoye LA. Effect of sex, pregnancy and lactation on the osmotic fragility of erythrocyte of the west African sheep. Bull. Animal. Hlth. Prod. Africa. 1987; 35:29.
• Elitok B. Reference Values for Hematological and Biochemical Parameters in Saanen Goats Breeding in Afyonkarahisar Province. Kocatepe Vet. J. 2012; 5(1):7-11.
• El-Sherif MMA, Assad F. Changes in some blood constituents of Barki ewes during pregnancy and lactation under semi arid conditions. Small Rum. Res. 2001; 40:269-277.
• Goff JP. Macromineral physiology and application to the feeding of the dairy cow for prevention of milk fever and other periparturient mineral disorders. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 2006; 126:237-257.
• Gürdoğan F, Yıldız A, Balıkçı E. Investigation of serum Cu, Zn, Fe and Se concentrations during pregnancy (60, 100 and 150 days) and after parturition (45 days) in single and twin pregnant sheep. Tr. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 2006; 30:61-64.
• Gürgöze SY, Zonturlu AK, Özyurtlu N, İçen H. Investigation of Some Biochemical Parameters and Mineral Substance During Pregnancy and Postpartum Period in Awassi Ewes. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2009; 15 (6): 957-963.
• Haliloğlu S, Erdem H, Serpek B, Tekeli T, Bulut Z. The Relationship Among Vitamin C, b-carotene, Vitamin A, Progesterone and Oestradiol 17-b Concentrations in Plasma and Cyst Fluid of Holstein Cows with Ovarian Cyst. Reprod. Dom. Anim. 2008; 43:573-577.
• Henze P, Bichardt K, Fuhrmann H. The influences of insulin, cortisol, growth hormone and total oestrogen on pathogenesis of ketosis in sheep. Dtsh. Tieraeztl Wochenscher. 1994; 101:61-65.
• Hodges J, Hotston RT. Ascorbic acid deficiency and pituitary adrenocortical activity in the guinea pig. Br. J. Pharmacol. 1970; 40:740-746.
• Iriadam M. Kilis keçilerine ait bazı hematolojik ve biyokimyasal parametreler. Ankara Üniv. Vet. Fak. Derg. 2004; 51:83-85. Iriadam M. Variation in certain haematological and biochemical parameters during the peri-partum period in Kilis does. Small Rumin. Res. 2007; 73:54-57.
• Jacob N, Vadodaria VP. Levels of glucose and cortisol in blood of Patan wadi ewes around parturition. Ind. Vet. J. 2001; 78(10):890-892.
• Jain NC. Essentials of Veterinary Haematology. 1st Ed. Wiley-Blackwell. 1993.
• Jain NC. Schalm’s Veterinary Hematology, Fourth ed. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia. 1986.
• Jainudee MR, Hafez ESE. Gestation, prenatal physiology and parturition. In: Hafez ESE (Eds). Reproduction in farm animals. Philadelphia, USA: Lea and Febiger 1994; 247-283.
• Jawasreh K, Awadeh F, Bani lsmail Z, Al-Rawashed O, Al-Majalli A. Normal haematology and selected serum biochemical values in different genetic lines of Awassi ewes in Jordan. Int. J Vet. Med. 2009; 7(2):1-6.
• Juma FT. Effect of Prostaglandin and PMSG on prolificacy and some serum biochemical changes of Hamdani ewes synchronized with intravaginal progestagen. Al-Anbar J. Vet. Sci. 2010; 3(2):28-35.
• Kaneko JJ, Harvey JW, Bruss ML. Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals. 6th ed. Academic Press, San Diego. 2008.
• Knowles TG, Edwards JE, Bazeley KJ, Brown SN, Butterworth A, Warriss PD. Changes in the blood biochemical and haematological profile of neonatal calves with age. Vet. Rec. 2000; 147:593-598.
• Koubkova M, Knizkova L, Kunc P, Hartlova H, Flusser J, Dolezal O. Influence of high environmental temperatures and evaporative cooling on some physiological, hematological and biochemical parameters in high-yielding dairy cows. Czech Journal of Animal Science. 2002; 47(8):309-18.
• Krajnicakova M, Kovac G, Kostecky M, Valocky I, Maracek I, Sutiakova I, Lenhardt L. Selected Clinico-Biochemical Parameters in The Puerperal Period Of Goats. Bull. Vet. Inst. Pulawy. 2003; 47:177-182.
• Luck MR, Jeyaseelan I, Scholes RA. Ascorbic Acid and Fertility. Bİology of Reproduction. 1995; 52:262-266.
• Manat TD, Chaudhary SS, Singh VK, Patel SB, Puri G. Hematobiochemical profile in Surti goats duringpost-partum period. Veterinary World, EISSN: 2231-0916. 2016; 9(1):19.
• Mbassa GK, Poulsen JS. Influence of pregnancy, lactation and environment on haematological profiles in Danish landrace dairy goats (Capra hircus) of different parity. Comparative Biochemistry and physiology. B, Comparative Biochemistry. 1991;100(2):403-412.
• Mbassa GK, Poulsen JSD. Reference ranges for clinical chemical values in Landrace goats. Small Rumin. Res. 1993; 10(2):133-142.
• McDowell LR. Vitamins in animal nutrition: vitamin C, folacin. Aspects to Human Nutrition, 1989.
• Milinkovic-Tur S, Peric V, Stojevic Z, Zdelar-Tuk M, Pirsljin J. Concentrations of total proteins and albumins, and AST, ALT and GGT activities in the blood plasma of mares during pregnancy and early lactation. Veterinarski Arhiv. 2005; 75(3):195-202.
• Mohammed A, Campbell M, Youssef FG. Serum Copper and Haematological Values of Sheep of Different Physiological Stages in the Dry and Wet Seasons of Central Trinidad. Veterinary Medicine International. 2014. 23.
• Nockels CF. The Role of Vitamins in Modulating Disease Resistance. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice. 1988; 4(3):531-542.
• NRC-National Research Council. Nutrients requirements of small ruminant: sheep, goats, cervids and New World camelids. National Academy, Washington, DC. 2007.
• Oddy VH, Gooden JM, Annison EF. Effect of diet and physiological state on recycling of urea in Merino ewes. S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci. 1983; 13:70-72.
• Oramari RAS, Bamerny AO, Zebari HMH. Factors Affecting Some Hematology and Serum Biochemical Parameters in Three Indigenous Sheep Breeds. Advances in Life Science and Technology. 2014; 21:56-62.
• Özyurtlu N, Gürgöze SY, Bademkıran S, Şimşek A, Çelik R. İvesi Koyunlarda Doğum Öncesi ve Sonrası Dönemdeki Bazı Biyokimyasal Parametreler ve Mineral Madde Düzeylerinin Araştırılması. F.Ü. Sağ. Bil. Derg. 2007; 21 (1):33-36.
• Parraguez VH, Atlagich M, Araneda O, García C, Muñoz A, De los Reyes M, Urquieta B. Effects of antioxidant vitamins on newborn and placental traits in gestations at high altitude: Comparative study in high and low altitude native sheep. Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 2011; 23:285-296.
• Prior RL, Christenson RK. Insulin and glucose effects on glucose metabolism in pregnant and nonpregnant ewes. Journal of Animal Science. 1978; 46(1):201-10.
• Sales F, Peralta OA, Narbona E, McCoard S, Lira R, Reyes MDL, Gonzales-Bulnes A, Parraguez VH. Maternal Supplementation with Antioxidant Vitamins in Sheep Results in Increased Transfer to the Fetus and Improvement of Fetal Antioxidant Status and Development. Antioxidants. 2019; 8:59.
• Santos RA, Campos AGSS, Afonso JAB, Soares PC, Mendonca CL. Effect of propylene glycol, cobalt and vitamin B12 on the metabolic profile and enzymatic in Santa Inês ewes in peripartum. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira. 2012; 32:60-66.
• Scott PR, Woodman MP. An outbreak of pregnancy toxemia in a flock of Scottish blackface sheep. Vet. Rec.1993;133:597-598.
• Seidel H, Novotný J, Kováč G. Selected Biochemical Indices in Sheep During Pregnancy and After Parturition. Bull Vet Inst Pulawy 2006; 50:167-170.
• Sharma A, Kumar P, Singh M, Vasishta NK. Haemato-biochemical and endocrine profiling of north western Himalayan Gaddi sheep during various physiological / reproductive phases. Open Veterinary Journal. 2015; 5(2):103-107.
• Stojevic Z, Pirsljin J, Milinkovic-Tur S, Zdelar-Tuk M, Ljubic BB. Activities of AST, ALT and GGT in clinically healthy dairy cows during lactation and in the dry period. Veterinarski Arhiv. 2005; 75(1):67-73.
• Takarkhede RC, Gondane VS, Kolte AY, Rekhate DH. Biochemical profile during different phases of reproduction in ewes in comparison to rams. Indian veterinary journal. 1999; 76(3):205-207.
• Tennant B, Harrold D, Reina-Guerra M, Kendrick JW, Laben RC. Hematology of the neonatal calf: Erythrocyte and leukocyte values of normal calves. Cornell Veterinarian. 1974; 64:516-532.
• Toharmat T, Nonaka I, Shimizu M, Batajoo KK, Kume S. Effects of prepartum energy intake and calving season on blood composition of peripar¬turient cows. Asian Austral. J. Anim. Sci.1998; 11:739-745.
• Weiss WP. Effect of Dietary Vitamin C on Concentrations of Ascorbic Acid in Plasma and Milk. J. Dairy Sci. 2001; 84:2302–2307.
• Williams MR, Millar P. Changes in serum immunoglobulin levels in Jerseys and Friesians near calving. Research in Veterinary Science. 1979; 26(1):81-84.
• Zhang Y, Gao E, Guan H, Wang Q, Zhang S, Liu K, Yan F, Tian H, Shan D, Xu H, Hou J. Vitamin C treatment of embryos, but not donor cells, improves the cloned embryonic development in sheep. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 2019.