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Monositik Ehrlichiosis’li Köpeklerde Eritrosit Dağılım Genişliğinin Değerlendirilmesi#

Year 2017, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 71 - 75, 01.03.2017

Abstract

Monositik ehrlichiosis köpeklerde yaygın olarak görülen, anemi ve trombositopeni başta olmak üzere çeşitli sistemik bulgulara yol açabilen önemli bir vektör kaynaklı hastalıktır. Eritosit dağılım genişliği (RDW), anizositozisin bir biyobelirteci olarak aneminin yorumlanmasında kullanılmaktadır. RDW seviyelerinde artış oksidatif stres ve kronik yangısal durum ile ilişkilendirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada monositik ehrlichiosis ile akut ve subklinik enfekte köpeklerde RDW değeri ve ilgili eritrosit parametrelerinin incelenerek sağlıklı köpekler ile karşılaştırılması amaçlandı. Araştırmanın hayvan materyalini monositik ehrlichiosis ile doğal enfekte (n=55) ve sağlıklı (n=40) olmak üzere farklı ırk, yaş ve her iki cinsiyetten toplam 95 köpek oluşturdu. Hastalığın başlangıç formunda klinik ve laboratuvar bulgu gösteren köpekler akut enfekte (n=45), bulgu göstermeyenler ise subklinik enfekte (n=10) olarak kendi içerisinde iki gruba ayrıldı. Sağlıklı ve subklinik enfekte gruplara göre akut enfekte grupta eritrosit, hemoglobin, hematokrit ve ortalama eritrosit hacmi değerleri düşük (p<0.001), RDW değeri ise yüksek (p<0.001) saptandı. Sağlıklı ve subklinik enfekte gruplar arasında ise anlamlı farklılık bulunmadı. Sonuç olarak monositik ehrlichiosis ile akut enfekte köpeklerde anizositozisin göstergesi olarak RDW değerinde önemli artış belirlendi. Gelecekteki çalışmalarda RDW değerinin retikülosit sayısı ve plazma demir düzeyleri ile birlikte değerlendirilmesiyle daha kapsamlı sonuçlara ulaşılabileceği kanısına varıldı.

References

  • Aysul N, Ural K, Cetinkaya H, Kuşkucu M, Toros G, Eren H, Durum C. Doxycycline-chloroquine combination for the treatment of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. Acta Sci Vet. 2012; 40(2): 1031.
  • Bottari NB, Crivellenti LZ, Borin-Crivellenti S, Oliveira JR, Coelho SB, Contin CM, Tatsch E, Moresco RN, Santana AE, Tonin AA, Tinucci-Costa M. Iron metabolism and oxidative profile of dogs naturally infected by Ehrlichia canis: Acute and subclinical disease. Microb Pathog. 2016; 92: 26-29.
  • De Souza AM, Camargo MB, TendlerLeibelBacellar D, Campos SD, AlmeidaTorres Filho R, de Alencar NX, de Souza Xavier M, de Barros Macieira D, Almosny NR. Age and sex influence in canine Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW-CV and RDW-SD) values. CEP. 2012; 24230: 340.
  • Guglielmini C, Poser H, Dalla Pria A, Drigo M, Mazzotta E, Berlanda M, Luciani A. Red blood cell distribution width in dogs with chronic degenerative valvular disease. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2013; 243(6): 858-862.
  • Harrus S, Waner T, Neer TM. Ehrlichia canis infection, In: Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat, Ed; Greene CE, Elsevier, St. Louis, MO. 2012; pp. 227-238.
  • Mazzotta E, Guglielmini C, Menciotti G, Contiero B, BaronToaldo M, Berlanda M, Poser H. Red blood cell distribution width, hematology, and serum biochemistry in dogs with echocardiographically estimated precapillary and postcapillary pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Vet Intern Med. 2016; 30(6): 1806-1815.
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  • Neiger R, Hadley J, Pfeiffer DU. Differentiation of dogs with regenerative and non-regenerative anaemia on the basis of their red cell distribution width and mean corpuscular volume. Vet Rec. 2002; 150(14): 431-434.
  • Rhodes CJ, Wharton J, Howard LS, Gibbs JS, Wilkins MR. Red cell distribution width outperforms other potential circulating biomarkers in predicting survival in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Heart. 2011; 97: 1054–1060.
  • Rizzi TE, Meinkoth JH, Clinkenbeard KD. Normal Hematology of the Dog. In: Schalm’s Veterinary Hematology, Ed; Weiss DJ, Wardrop JK. 6th ed. Wiley-Blackwell, USA. 2010; pp. 799-810.
  • Rudoler N, Harrus S, Martinez-Subiela S, Tvarijonaviciute A, van Straten M, Cerón JJ, Baneth G. Comparison of the acute phase protein and antioxidant responses in dogs vaccinated against canine monocytic ehrlichiosis and naive-challenged dogs. Parasit Vectors. 2015; 8(1): 175.
  • Salvagno GL, Sanchis-Gomar F, Picanza A, Lippi G. Red blood cell distribution width: a simple parameter with multiple clinical applications. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 2015; 52(2): 86-105.
  • Swann JW, Sudunagunta S, Covey HL, English K, Hendricks A, Connolly DJ. Evaluation of red cell distribution width in dogs with pulmonary hypertension. J Vet Cardiol. 2014; 16(4): 227-235.
  • Temizel EM, Cihan H, Yilmaz Z, Aytug N. Evaluation of erythrocyte and platelet indices in canine visceral leishmaniasis. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2011; 58(3): 185-188.
  • Ural K, Gultekin M, Atasoy A, Ulutas B. Spatial distribution of vector borne disease agents in dogs in Aegean region, Turkey. Rev MVZ Córdoba. 2014; 19(2): 4086-4098.
  • Zorlu A, Bektasoglu G, Guven FM, Dogan OT, Gucuk E, Ege MR, Altay H, Cinar Z, Tandogan I, Yilmaz MB. Usefulness of admission red cell distribution width as a predictor of early mortality in patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Am J Cardiol. 2012; 109: 128–134.
  • Žvorc Z, Rafaj RB, Kuleš J, Mrljak V. Erythrocyte and platelet indices in babesiosis of dogs. Vet Arhiv. 2010; 80(2): 259-267.

Evaluation of Red Cell Distribution Width in Dogs with Monocytic Ehrlichiosis

Year 2017, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 71 - 75, 01.03.2017

Abstract

Monocytic ehrlichiosis is an important vector-borne disease that is common in dogs and may lead to various systemic findings, especially anemia and thrombocytopenia. The red cell distribution width (RDW), a biomarker of anisocytosis, might be used for interpretation of anemia. Possible increases in RDW levels might be associated to oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. In the present study, it was aimed to compare RDW value and related erythrocyte parameters in dogs acutely and subclinically infected with monocytic ehrlichiosis and compared to healthy dogs. The animal material of the study was composed of 95 dogs of different breed, age and of both sexes, tothose of naturally infected with monocytic ehrlichiosis (n=55) and healthy (n=40). Dogs infected with monocytic ehrlichiosis were divided into two groups; dogs showing clinical and laboratory findings of the disease as acutely infected (n = 45) and subclinically infected (n = 10) without any findings. Erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit and mean erythrocyte volume values were lower (p<0.001) and RDW value was higher (p<0.001) in acutely infected group compared to healthy and subclinically infected groups. There was no significant difference between healthy and subclinically infected groups. As a result, a significant increase in RDW was detected in acutely infected dogs with monocytic ehrlichiosis as an indicator of anisocytosis. It was concluded that more comprehensive results may be achieved by evaluating the RDW value together with the number of reticulocytes and plasma iron levels with further studies.

References

  • Aysul N, Ural K, Cetinkaya H, Kuşkucu M, Toros G, Eren H, Durum C. Doxycycline-chloroquine combination for the treatment of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. Acta Sci Vet. 2012; 40(2): 1031.
  • Bottari NB, Crivellenti LZ, Borin-Crivellenti S, Oliveira JR, Coelho SB, Contin CM, Tatsch E, Moresco RN, Santana AE, Tonin AA, Tinucci-Costa M. Iron metabolism and oxidative profile of dogs naturally infected by Ehrlichia canis: Acute and subclinical disease. Microb Pathog. 2016; 92: 26-29.
  • De Souza AM, Camargo MB, TendlerLeibelBacellar D, Campos SD, AlmeidaTorres Filho R, de Alencar NX, de Souza Xavier M, de Barros Macieira D, Almosny NR. Age and sex influence in canine Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW-CV and RDW-SD) values. CEP. 2012; 24230: 340.
  • Guglielmini C, Poser H, Dalla Pria A, Drigo M, Mazzotta E, Berlanda M, Luciani A. Red blood cell distribution width in dogs with chronic degenerative valvular disease. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2013; 243(6): 858-862.
  • Harrus S, Waner T, Neer TM. Ehrlichia canis infection, In: Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat, Ed; Greene CE, Elsevier, St. Louis, MO. 2012; pp. 227-238.
  • Mazzotta E, Guglielmini C, Menciotti G, Contiero B, BaronToaldo M, Berlanda M, Poser H. Red blood cell distribution width, hematology, and serum biochemistry in dogs with echocardiographically estimated precapillary and postcapillary pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Vet Intern Med. 2016; 30(6): 1806-1815.
  • Mylonakis ME, Day MJ, Siarkou V, Vernau W, Koutinas AF. Absence of myelofibrosis in dogs with myelosuppression induced by Ehrlichia canis infection. J Comp Pathol. 2010; 142(4): 328-331.
  • Neiger R, Hadley J, Pfeiffer DU. Differentiation of dogs with regenerative and non-regenerative anaemia on the basis of their red cell distribution width and mean corpuscular volume. Vet Rec. 2002; 150(14): 431-434.
  • Rhodes CJ, Wharton J, Howard LS, Gibbs JS, Wilkins MR. Red cell distribution width outperforms other potential circulating biomarkers in predicting survival in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Heart. 2011; 97: 1054–1060.
  • Rizzi TE, Meinkoth JH, Clinkenbeard KD. Normal Hematology of the Dog. In: Schalm’s Veterinary Hematology, Ed; Weiss DJ, Wardrop JK. 6th ed. Wiley-Blackwell, USA. 2010; pp. 799-810.
  • Rudoler N, Harrus S, Martinez-Subiela S, Tvarijonaviciute A, van Straten M, Cerón JJ, Baneth G. Comparison of the acute phase protein and antioxidant responses in dogs vaccinated against canine monocytic ehrlichiosis and naive-challenged dogs. Parasit Vectors. 2015; 8(1): 175.
  • Salvagno GL, Sanchis-Gomar F, Picanza A, Lippi G. Red blood cell distribution width: a simple parameter with multiple clinical applications. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 2015; 52(2): 86-105.
  • Swann JW, Sudunagunta S, Covey HL, English K, Hendricks A, Connolly DJ. Evaluation of red cell distribution width in dogs with pulmonary hypertension. J Vet Cardiol. 2014; 16(4): 227-235.
  • Temizel EM, Cihan H, Yilmaz Z, Aytug N. Evaluation of erythrocyte and platelet indices in canine visceral leishmaniasis. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2011; 58(3): 185-188.
  • Ural K, Gultekin M, Atasoy A, Ulutas B. Spatial distribution of vector borne disease agents in dogs in Aegean region, Turkey. Rev MVZ Córdoba. 2014; 19(2): 4086-4098.
  • Zorlu A, Bektasoglu G, Guven FM, Dogan OT, Gucuk E, Ege MR, Altay H, Cinar Z, Tandogan I, Yilmaz MB. Usefulness of admission red cell distribution width as a predictor of early mortality in patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Am J Cardiol. 2012; 109: 128–134.
  • Žvorc Z, Rafaj RB, Kuleš J, Mrljak V. Erythrocyte and platelet indices in babesiosis of dogs. Vet Arhiv. 2010; 80(2): 259-267.
There are 17 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Mehmet Gültekin

Kerem Ural This is me

Publication Date March 1, 2017
Acceptance Date April 19, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 10 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Gültekin, M., & Ural, K. (2017). Evaluation of Red Cell Distribution Width in Dogs with Monocytic Ehrlichiosis. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, 10(2), 71-75.
AMA Gültekin M, Ural K. Evaluation of Red Cell Distribution Width in Dogs with Monocytic Ehrlichiosis. kvj. June 2017;10(2):71-75.
Chicago Gültekin, Mehmet, and Kerem Ural. “Evaluation of Red Cell Distribution Width in Dogs With Monocytic Ehrlichiosis”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 10, no. 2 (June 2017): 71-75.
EndNote Gültekin M, Ural K (June 1, 2017) Evaluation of Red Cell Distribution Width in Dogs with Monocytic Ehrlichiosis. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 10 2 71–75.
IEEE M. Gültekin and K. Ural, “Evaluation of Red Cell Distribution Width in Dogs with Monocytic Ehrlichiosis”, kvj, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 71–75, 2017.
ISNAD Gültekin, Mehmet - Ural, Kerem. “Evaluation of Red Cell Distribution Width in Dogs With Monocytic Ehrlichiosis”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 10/2 (June 2017), 71-75.
JAMA Gültekin M, Ural K. Evaluation of Red Cell Distribution Width in Dogs with Monocytic Ehrlichiosis. kvj. 2017;10:71–75.
MLA Gültekin, Mehmet and Kerem Ural. “Evaluation of Red Cell Distribution Width in Dogs With Monocytic Ehrlichiosis”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, vol. 10, no. 2, 2017, pp. 71-75.
Vancouver Gültekin M, Ural K. Evaluation of Red Cell Distribution Width in Dogs with Monocytic Ehrlichiosis. kvj. 2017;10(2):71-5.

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