Proje Tabanlı Öğrenme ve Doğrudan Öğretimin Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Motivasyon ve Katılımları Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Bu nicel çalışmanın amacı, ortaokul öğrencilerine proje tabanlı öğrenme ve doğrudan öğretim yöntemlerinin uygulanmasından önceki ve sonraki motivasyon ve katılım düzeylerini karşılaştırmaktır. Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilere, uygulamadan önce ve sonra motivasyon düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla Deci ve Ryan (2017) tarafından geliştirilen İçsel Motivasyon Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca, Uluslararası Eğitimde Liderlik Merkezince hazırlanan Öğrenci Katılımı Kontrol Listesi’nden yararlanılarak, öğrencilerin derse katılımlarına dair veriler toplanmıştır. Ölçekler, proje tabanlı öğrenme ve doğrudan öğretim modelleri uyarınca hazırlanan derslerden önce ve sonra olmak üzere, Birleşik Devletler Tennessee eyaletinde bulunan kırsal bir okul bölgesinde öğrenim gören 6., 7., ve 8. Sınıf öğrencilerine uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, (a) proje tabanlı öğrenme ve (b) doğrudan öğretim uygulamalarının öncesi ile sonrası arasında, öğrencilerin motivasyon ve katılım düzeyleri bakımından anlamlı farklılıklar görülmüştür. Ayrıca, proje tabanlı öğrenme grubu ile doğrudan öğretim uygulanan öğrenci grubu arasında da motivasyon ve katılım açısından anlamlı farklılıklar bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• proje tabanlı öğrenme,doğrudan öğretim,içsel motivasyon,derse katılım

The Impact of Project-based Learning and Direct Instruction on the Motivation and Engagement of Middle School Students

Abstract

This quantitative study sought to compare the levels of motivation and engagement for middle school students before and after the implementation of both project-based learning and direct instruction.  Student participants completed the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory [IMI] (Deci & Ryan, 2017) to assess their levels of motivation prior to and after instruction.  In addition, engagement data was obtained utilizing the Student Engagement Walkthrough Checklist (SEWC) created by the International Center for Leadership in Education.  Surveys were used to collect data from a sample of 6^th, 7^th, and 8^th grade students in a rural southwestern Tennessee school district in the United States of America before and after project-based learning and direct instruction lessons.  Data analyses revealed significant differences in motivation and engagement levels before and after (a) project-based learning and (b) direct instruction.  Significant differences in motivation and engagement of students were also found between groups of students who had experienced project-based learning as compared to direct instruction.

Keywords

• Project-based Learning,Direct Instruction,Intrinsic Motivation,Classroom Engagement

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