Research Article
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Investigation of the Relationship Between Secondary School Students’ Perceived School Experiences and Attitude and Motivations Towards Social Studies

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 94 - 106, 30.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.35207/later.1567060

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between middle school students' perceived school experiences and their attitudes and motivation towards social studies course. The participants of the relational model research consisted of 305 middle school students studying in a province of Turkey. The data of the study were collected with “Personal Information Form”, “Perceived School Experiences Scale”, “Attitude Towards Social Studies Course Scale” and “Motivation Scale on Social Studies Course”. Descriptive statistics, t-test, one-factor analysis of variance and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. According to the results of the study, it was determined that gender did not have any effect on students' perceived school experiences, attitudes and motivation towards social studies course. While there was a significant difference in students' perceived school experiences and motivation towards social studies course according to grade level, no difference was found in their attitudes towards social studies. According to academic achievement, students' perceived school experiences and attitudes towards social studies course did not differ significantly, while their motivation differed significantly. There was a significant positive relationship between students' perceived school experiences and their attitudes and motivation towards social studies course.

References

  • Acar, S., Bilen Kazancık, L. Meydan, M. C., & Işık, M. (2019). Research on socio-economic development ranking of provinces and regions - SEDI 2017. Ankara: Kalkınma Ajansları Genel Müdürlüğü Yayını. https://www.sanayi.gov.tr/merkez-birimi/b94224510b7b/sege
  • Akyürek Tay, B., & Çiçek, N. (2023). Attitudes and beliefs of 4th grade primary school students towards social studies course. International Journal of Modern Education Studies, 7(2), 562-595.
  • Altıntaş, S. U. (2005). The 7 th grade primary school student's attitute towards social science subject. Celal Bayar University S. B. E., 3(2), 1-12.
  • Amabile, T. M. (1993). Motivational synergy: Toward new conceptualizations of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in the workplace. Human Resource Management Review, 3(3), 185-201.
  • Ames, C. (1992). Classrooms: Goals, structures, and student motivation. Journal of Educational Psychology, 84(3), 261-271.
  • Anderson-Butcher, D., Amorose, A., Iachini, A., & Ball, A. (2012). The development of the perceived school experiences scale. Research on Social Work Practice, 22(2), 186-194.
  • Arcagök, S. (2016). The relationship of perceptions of autonomy support of students in social studies course with motivation, entrepreneurship and creativity [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Turkey. Baytemir, K. (2019). Experiences of school as a mediator between interpersonal competence and happiness in adolescents. Anales de Psicología / Annals of Psychology, 35(2), 259-268.
  • Baytemir, K., Akın Kösterelioğlu, M., & Kösterelioğlu, İ. (2015). Adaptation of perceived school experiences scale to Turkish: Validity and reliability study. Çankırı Karatekin University Journal of Institute of Social Sciences, 6(2), 597-608.
  • Bergin, D. A. (1992). Leisure activity, motivation, and academic achievement in high school students. Journal of Leisure Research, 24(3), 225-239.
  • Brown, R., & Evans, W. P. (2002). Extracurricular activity and ethnicity: Creating greater school connection among diverse student populations. Urban Education, 37(1), 41-58.
  • Buehler, C., Fletcher, A. C., Johnston, C., & Weymouth, B. B. (2015). Perceptions of school experiences during the first semester of middle school. School Community Journal, 25(2), 55-83.
  • Coşkun, N., & Samancı, O. (2012). İlköğretim 4. ve 5. sınıflarda sosyal beceri düzeyi ile sosyal bilgiler dersine yönelik tutumların çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi. Journal of Educational and Instructional Studies in the World, 2(1), 32-41.
  • Demirtaş, A. S., & Uygun-Eryurt, T. (2022). Attachment to parents and math anxiety in early adolescence: Hope and perceived school climate as mediators. Current Psychology, 41, 4722-4738.
  • Eccles, J. S. (1994). Understanding women's educational and occupational choices: Applying the Eccles et al. model of achievement-related choices. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 18(4), 585-609.
  • Ergin, A. (2006). Elementary students attitude towards social studies [Unpublished master's thesis]. Pamukkale University, Turkey.
  • Fredericks, A. D. (2007). Much more social studies through children’s literature: A collaborative approach. Westport, CT: Teacher Ideas Press.
  • Gao, Z., & Xiang, P. (2008). College students’ motivation toward weight training: An application of expectancyvalue model. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 27(1), 399-415.
  • Gezer, M. (2016). An investigation of the various variables predicting secondary school students’ social studies achievement [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Atatürk University, Turkey.
  • Gömleksiz, M. N., & Kan, A. Ü. (2012). A study of validity and reliability of an motivation scale on social studies course. Fırat University Journal of Social Science, 22(2), 116-125.
  • Gömleksiz, M. N., & Kan, A. Ü. (2021). The effects of using individual and group mind mapping on students’ academic achievement, retention and affective characteristics in social studies course. Journal of History School, 55, 4146-4197.
  • Güler, G. & Bedel, A. (2022). School burnout in middle school students: Role of problem solving skills, peer relations and perceived school experiences. International Journal of Psychology and Educational Studies, 9(2), 341-352.
  • Güler, G. (2019). School burnout in middle school students: Problem-solving skills, peer relationship and the role of perceived school experiences [Unpublished master's thesis]. Maltepe University, Turkey.
  • Holcomb, L., Beal, C., & Lee, J. K. (2011). Supersizing social studies through the use of Web 2.0 technologies. Social Studies Research and Practice, 6(3), 120-129.
  • Ilgaz, S. (2018). An examination of fifth grade students' attitudes towards social studies course in terms of severable variables. Journal of Education and Learning, 7(4), 154-162.
  • Lee, V. E., & Smith, J. B. (1999). Social support and achievement for young adolescents in Chicago: The role of school academic press. American Educational Research Journal, 36(4), 907-945.
  • Libbey, H. P. (2004). Measuring student relationships to school: Attachment, bonding, connectedness, and engagement. Journal of School Health, 74(7), 274-283.
  • Maehr, M. L. (1974). Culture and achievement motivation. American Psychologist, 29(12), 887-896.
  • National School Climate Council (NSCC) (2007). The school climate challenge: Narrowing the gap between school climate research and school climate policy, practice guidelines and teacher education policy. Retrieved 14 August 2024 from https://schoolclimate.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/school-climate-challenge-web.pdf
  • Oğur, M. (2009). A research about behaviours of sixth and seventh grade students on social sciences course [Unpublished master's thesis], Pamukkale University, Turkey.
  • Omolara, S. R., & Adebukola, O. R. (2015). Teachers' attitudes: A great influence on teaching and learning of social studies. Journal of Law, Policy and Globalization, 42, 131-137.
  • Özdemir, Y. (2015). School burnout in secondary school students: Role of homework, school engagement and academic motivation. Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Education Journal of Educational Sciences, 6(1), 27-35.
  • Özkal, N. (2002). Developing a scale for attitudes towards a social sciences course. Education and Science, 27(124), 52-55.
  • Özkal, N. (2013a). The prediction of the positive attitudes towards the social studies courses according to the self efficacy beliefs. Mersin University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 9(2), 399-408.
  • Özkal, N. (2013b). Predicting the intrinsic and extrinsic motives on social studies according to self efficacy and goal orientations. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty, 1(27), 98-117.
  • Özkal, N., & Çetingöz D. (2006). Academic achievement, gender, attitude and learning strategies. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 12(46), 259-275.
  • Özkal, N., Güngör, A., & Çetingöz, Ç. (2004). Teachers’ ideas about the social studies course and students’ attitudes towards the course. Educational Administration in Theory & Practice, 40, 600-615.
  • Pallak, S. R., Costomiris, S., Sroka, S., & Pittman, T. S. (1982). School experience, reward characteristics, and intrinsic motivation. Child Development, 53(5), 1382-1391.
  • Rustamov, E., Zalova-Nuriyeva, U., Allahverdiyeva, M., Abbasov, T., & Rustamova, N. (2023). Azerbaijani adaptation of the perceived school experience scale: Examining its impact on psychological distress and school satisfaction. Problems of Education in the 21st Century, 81(6), 869-880.
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25(1), 54-67.
  • Schug, M. C., Todd, R. J., & Beery, R. (1982). Why kids don't like social studies. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Council for the Social Studies. Boston, MA. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED224765).
  • Şener, N. (2021), The relationship between primary school students’ social skills and attitudes towards social studies course and their academic achievement. Education Quarterly Reviews, 4(2), 600-610.
  • Shirazi, S. (2017). Student experience of school science. International Journal of Science Education, 39(14), 1891-1912.
  • Siegle, D., Rubenstein, L. D., & Mitchell, M. S. (2014). Honors students’ perceptions of their high school experiences: The influence of teachers on student motivation. Gifted Child Quarterly, 58(1), 35-50.
  • Şimşek, H., & Demir, A. (2012). The second level of primary school students’ attitudes towards social sciences course and the relationship between their attitudes and academic success. Inönü University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 13(2), 1-20.
  • Smith, K. H. (2020). Perceptions of school climate: Views of teachers, students, and parents. Journal of Invitational Theory and Practice, 26, 5-20.
  • Somoğlu, M. B., & Yazici, Ö. F. (2021). The coach-athlete relationship and school experience as the determinant of sports-specific life satisfaction. Education Quarterly Reviews, 4(4), 370-381.
  • Subasi, Y. (2023). Investigation of the relationship between middle school students' motivation and attitudes toward social studies. Science Insights Education Frontiers, 18(2), 2927-2944.
  • Tay, B., & Akyürek Tay, B. (2006). The effects of attitude on success in social sciences courses. The Journal of Turkish Educational Sciences, 4(1), 73-84.
  • Tosun, M., & Nalçacı, A. (2023). Opinions of students about their motivation and attitudes towards the social studies course. Manisa Celal Bayar University Journal of Social Sciences, 21(1), 173-188.
  • Tünkler, V. (2019a). Examination of expectancy beliefs and values perceptions of primary school students towards social studies lesson. Hacettepe University Journal of Education, 34(4), 1107-1120.
  • Tünkler, V. (2019b). Examine of secondary school students’ motivation sources towards social studies course. Dicle University Journal of Ziya Gökalp Faculty of Education, 36, 38-49.
  • Tünkler, V. (2021). Motivation status of social studies teachers. Education and Science, 46(207), 339-354.
  • Tünkler, V. (2022). Student motivation in social studies class: An expectancy-value approach. Milli Eğitim Dergisi, 51(233), 219-236.
  • Uysal, F., & Dogruöz, E. (2023). Investigation of the relationship between middle school students' attitudes towards geometry and perceived school experiences. Kastamonu Education Journal, 31(2), 305-319.
  • Wilkins, J. L. M., & Ma, X. (2003). Modeling change in student attitude toward and beliefs about mathematics. The Journal of Educational Research, 97(1), 52-63.
  • Yavrutürk, A.R., İlhan, T., & Baytemir, K. (2020). Social support and school climate as predictors of school connectedness in high school students. Bartın University Journal of Faculty of Education, 9(2), 334-351.
  • Yeşilgöz Şengün, G. (2023). Examination of the relationship between secondary school students’ perceptions regarding their school lives, cognitive flexibility, and mathematics achievement [Unpublished master's thesis]. Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Turkey.
  • Yılmazer, A., & Demir, S. B. (2014). An investigation into the relationship between learners’ academic achievement and their attitudes towards social studies lesson and the teacher. Turkish Studies, 9(2), 1705-1718.
  • Zarrillo, J. J. (2012). Teaching elementary social studies: Principles and applications (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.
  • Zengin, E., & Ulaş, H. (2021). Investigation of the effect of drama and education on the motivation and attitudes of the fourth grade students towards social studies lesson. Journal of Education and Humanities: Theory and Practice, 12(24), 353-376.
Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 94 - 106, 30.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.35207/later.1567060

Abstract

References

  • Acar, S., Bilen Kazancık, L. Meydan, M. C., & Işık, M. (2019). Research on socio-economic development ranking of provinces and regions - SEDI 2017. Ankara: Kalkınma Ajansları Genel Müdürlüğü Yayını. https://www.sanayi.gov.tr/merkez-birimi/b94224510b7b/sege
  • Akyürek Tay, B., & Çiçek, N. (2023). Attitudes and beliefs of 4th grade primary school students towards social studies course. International Journal of Modern Education Studies, 7(2), 562-595.
  • Altıntaş, S. U. (2005). The 7 th grade primary school student's attitute towards social science subject. Celal Bayar University S. B. E., 3(2), 1-12.
  • Amabile, T. M. (1993). Motivational synergy: Toward new conceptualizations of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in the workplace. Human Resource Management Review, 3(3), 185-201.
  • Ames, C. (1992). Classrooms: Goals, structures, and student motivation. Journal of Educational Psychology, 84(3), 261-271.
  • Anderson-Butcher, D., Amorose, A., Iachini, A., & Ball, A. (2012). The development of the perceived school experiences scale. Research on Social Work Practice, 22(2), 186-194.
  • Arcagök, S. (2016). The relationship of perceptions of autonomy support of students in social studies course with motivation, entrepreneurship and creativity [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Turkey. Baytemir, K. (2019). Experiences of school as a mediator between interpersonal competence and happiness in adolescents. Anales de Psicología / Annals of Psychology, 35(2), 259-268.
  • Baytemir, K., Akın Kösterelioğlu, M., & Kösterelioğlu, İ. (2015). Adaptation of perceived school experiences scale to Turkish: Validity and reliability study. Çankırı Karatekin University Journal of Institute of Social Sciences, 6(2), 597-608.
  • Bergin, D. A. (1992). Leisure activity, motivation, and academic achievement in high school students. Journal of Leisure Research, 24(3), 225-239.
  • Brown, R., & Evans, W. P. (2002). Extracurricular activity and ethnicity: Creating greater school connection among diverse student populations. Urban Education, 37(1), 41-58.
  • Buehler, C., Fletcher, A. C., Johnston, C., & Weymouth, B. B. (2015). Perceptions of school experiences during the first semester of middle school. School Community Journal, 25(2), 55-83.
  • Coşkun, N., & Samancı, O. (2012). İlköğretim 4. ve 5. sınıflarda sosyal beceri düzeyi ile sosyal bilgiler dersine yönelik tutumların çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi. Journal of Educational and Instructional Studies in the World, 2(1), 32-41.
  • Demirtaş, A. S., & Uygun-Eryurt, T. (2022). Attachment to parents and math anxiety in early adolescence: Hope and perceived school climate as mediators. Current Psychology, 41, 4722-4738.
  • Eccles, J. S. (1994). Understanding women's educational and occupational choices: Applying the Eccles et al. model of achievement-related choices. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 18(4), 585-609.
  • Ergin, A. (2006). Elementary students attitude towards social studies [Unpublished master's thesis]. Pamukkale University, Turkey.
  • Fredericks, A. D. (2007). Much more social studies through children’s literature: A collaborative approach. Westport, CT: Teacher Ideas Press.
  • Gao, Z., & Xiang, P. (2008). College students’ motivation toward weight training: An application of expectancyvalue model. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 27(1), 399-415.
  • Gezer, M. (2016). An investigation of the various variables predicting secondary school students’ social studies achievement [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Atatürk University, Turkey.
  • Gömleksiz, M. N., & Kan, A. Ü. (2012). A study of validity and reliability of an motivation scale on social studies course. Fırat University Journal of Social Science, 22(2), 116-125.
  • Gömleksiz, M. N., & Kan, A. Ü. (2021). The effects of using individual and group mind mapping on students’ academic achievement, retention and affective characteristics in social studies course. Journal of History School, 55, 4146-4197.
  • Güler, G. & Bedel, A. (2022). School burnout in middle school students: Role of problem solving skills, peer relations and perceived school experiences. International Journal of Psychology and Educational Studies, 9(2), 341-352.
  • Güler, G. (2019). School burnout in middle school students: Problem-solving skills, peer relationship and the role of perceived school experiences [Unpublished master's thesis]. Maltepe University, Turkey.
  • Holcomb, L., Beal, C., & Lee, J. K. (2011). Supersizing social studies through the use of Web 2.0 technologies. Social Studies Research and Practice, 6(3), 120-129.
  • Ilgaz, S. (2018). An examination of fifth grade students' attitudes towards social studies course in terms of severable variables. Journal of Education and Learning, 7(4), 154-162.
  • Lee, V. E., & Smith, J. B. (1999). Social support and achievement for young adolescents in Chicago: The role of school academic press. American Educational Research Journal, 36(4), 907-945.
  • Libbey, H. P. (2004). Measuring student relationships to school: Attachment, bonding, connectedness, and engagement. Journal of School Health, 74(7), 274-283.
  • Maehr, M. L. (1974). Culture and achievement motivation. American Psychologist, 29(12), 887-896.
  • National School Climate Council (NSCC) (2007). The school climate challenge: Narrowing the gap between school climate research and school climate policy, practice guidelines and teacher education policy. Retrieved 14 August 2024 from https://schoolclimate.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/school-climate-challenge-web.pdf
  • Oğur, M. (2009). A research about behaviours of sixth and seventh grade students on social sciences course [Unpublished master's thesis], Pamukkale University, Turkey.
  • Omolara, S. R., & Adebukola, O. R. (2015). Teachers' attitudes: A great influence on teaching and learning of social studies. Journal of Law, Policy and Globalization, 42, 131-137.
  • Özdemir, Y. (2015). School burnout in secondary school students: Role of homework, school engagement and academic motivation. Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Education Journal of Educational Sciences, 6(1), 27-35.
  • Özkal, N. (2002). Developing a scale for attitudes towards a social sciences course. Education and Science, 27(124), 52-55.
  • Özkal, N. (2013a). The prediction of the positive attitudes towards the social studies courses according to the self efficacy beliefs. Mersin University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 9(2), 399-408.
  • Özkal, N. (2013b). Predicting the intrinsic and extrinsic motives on social studies according to self efficacy and goal orientations. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty, 1(27), 98-117.
  • Özkal, N., & Çetingöz D. (2006). Academic achievement, gender, attitude and learning strategies. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 12(46), 259-275.
  • Özkal, N., Güngör, A., & Çetingöz, Ç. (2004). Teachers’ ideas about the social studies course and students’ attitudes towards the course. Educational Administration in Theory & Practice, 40, 600-615.
  • Pallak, S. R., Costomiris, S., Sroka, S., & Pittman, T. S. (1982). School experience, reward characteristics, and intrinsic motivation. Child Development, 53(5), 1382-1391.
  • Rustamov, E., Zalova-Nuriyeva, U., Allahverdiyeva, M., Abbasov, T., & Rustamova, N. (2023). Azerbaijani adaptation of the perceived school experience scale: Examining its impact on psychological distress and school satisfaction. Problems of Education in the 21st Century, 81(6), 869-880.
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25(1), 54-67.
  • Schug, M. C., Todd, R. J., & Beery, R. (1982). Why kids don't like social studies. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Council for the Social Studies. Boston, MA. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED224765).
  • Şener, N. (2021), The relationship between primary school students’ social skills and attitudes towards social studies course and their academic achievement. Education Quarterly Reviews, 4(2), 600-610.
  • Shirazi, S. (2017). Student experience of school science. International Journal of Science Education, 39(14), 1891-1912.
  • Siegle, D., Rubenstein, L. D., & Mitchell, M. S. (2014). Honors students’ perceptions of their high school experiences: The influence of teachers on student motivation. Gifted Child Quarterly, 58(1), 35-50.
  • Şimşek, H., & Demir, A. (2012). The second level of primary school students’ attitudes towards social sciences course and the relationship between their attitudes and academic success. Inönü University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 13(2), 1-20.
  • Smith, K. H. (2020). Perceptions of school climate: Views of teachers, students, and parents. Journal of Invitational Theory and Practice, 26, 5-20.
  • Somoğlu, M. B., & Yazici, Ö. F. (2021). The coach-athlete relationship and school experience as the determinant of sports-specific life satisfaction. Education Quarterly Reviews, 4(4), 370-381.
  • Subasi, Y. (2023). Investigation of the relationship between middle school students' motivation and attitudes toward social studies. Science Insights Education Frontiers, 18(2), 2927-2944.
  • Tay, B., & Akyürek Tay, B. (2006). The effects of attitude on success in social sciences courses. The Journal of Turkish Educational Sciences, 4(1), 73-84.
  • Tosun, M., & Nalçacı, A. (2023). Opinions of students about their motivation and attitudes towards the social studies course. Manisa Celal Bayar University Journal of Social Sciences, 21(1), 173-188.
  • Tünkler, V. (2019a). Examination of expectancy beliefs and values perceptions of primary school students towards social studies lesson. Hacettepe University Journal of Education, 34(4), 1107-1120.
  • Tünkler, V. (2019b). Examine of secondary school students’ motivation sources towards social studies course. Dicle University Journal of Ziya Gökalp Faculty of Education, 36, 38-49.
  • Tünkler, V. (2021). Motivation status of social studies teachers. Education and Science, 46(207), 339-354.
  • Tünkler, V. (2022). Student motivation in social studies class: An expectancy-value approach. Milli Eğitim Dergisi, 51(233), 219-236.
  • Uysal, F., & Dogruöz, E. (2023). Investigation of the relationship between middle school students' attitudes towards geometry and perceived school experiences. Kastamonu Education Journal, 31(2), 305-319.
  • Wilkins, J. L. M., & Ma, X. (2003). Modeling change in student attitude toward and beliefs about mathematics. The Journal of Educational Research, 97(1), 52-63.
  • Yavrutürk, A.R., İlhan, T., & Baytemir, K. (2020). Social support and school climate as predictors of school connectedness in high school students. Bartın University Journal of Faculty of Education, 9(2), 334-351.
  • Yeşilgöz Şengün, G. (2023). Examination of the relationship between secondary school students’ perceptions regarding their school lives, cognitive flexibility, and mathematics achievement [Unpublished master's thesis]. Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Turkey.
  • Yılmazer, A., & Demir, S. B. (2014). An investigation into the relationship between learners’ academic achievement and their attitudes towards social studies lesson and the teacher. Turkish Studies, 9(2), 1705-1718.
  • Zarrillo, J. J. (2012). Teaching elementary social studies: Principles and applications (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.
  • Zengin, E., & Ulaş, H. (2021). Investigation of the effect of drama and education on the motivation and attitudes of the fourth grade students towards social studies lesson. Journal of Education and Humanities: Theory and Practice, 12(24), 353-376.
There are 60 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Classroom Education
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Vural Tünkler 0000-0002-3536-968X

Orhan Bulut

Publication Date December 30, 2024
Submission Date October 14, 2024
Acceptance Date December 16, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 7 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Tünkler, V., & Bulut, O. (2024). Investigation of the Relationship Between Secondary School Students’ Perceived School Experiences and Attitude and Motivations Towards Social Studies. Language Teaching and Educational Research, 7(2), 94-106. https://doi.org/10.35207/later.1567060