Sıcaklık Değişimlerinin Ostrakod (Crustacea) Türlerinin Mekansal Dağılımı ve Ekolojisi Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Ortam sıcaklığındaki değişimlerin ostrakodların mekansal dağılımı ve ekolojisi üzerindeki olası etkilerini anlamak için, 2012 yazında Hatay (Türkiye) ilinden 12 farklı habitat türüne sahip 70 su sahasından rastgele örnekler toplanmıştır. Elde edilen 19 türden 14 tanesi Hatay için yeni kayıttır. CCA’nın ilk iki ekseni en yaygın 12 tür ile beş çevresel değişken arasındaki ilişkinin toplam varyansının %79,7'sini açıklamıştır. Buna göre, su sıcaklığı ve elektriksel iletkenlik türlerin oluşu üzerinde en etkili faktörlerdir (p<0,05). Türlerin ekolojik optimum ve tolerans değerlerine göre, Herpetocypris chevreuxi ve Cypridopsis vidua su sıcaklığı için sırasıyla en düşük ve en yüksek tolerans değerlerini göstermiştir. TWINSPAN sonuçları, ostrakod türlerinin habitat koşullarının özelliklerini belirlemek için kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir. Özellikle H. chevreuxi'nin bir veya daha fazla kozmopolit türle birlikte bulunması, tuzluluk ve sıcaklık değerlerinde bir artışın göstergesidir. Sonuçlar, özellikle sığ su kütlelerinde kritik değişikliğe neden olabilen sıcaklık değişiklikleri nedeniyle düşük ekolojik toleranslı türlerin olumsuz etkileneceğini düşündürmektedir. Bu nedenle, “yerel yok olma için potansiyel aday türler” olarak adlandırılabilecek bu türler ya kısa dönemde habitatlardan elenecek ya da uzun dönemde nesli tükenme tehlikesiyle karşı karşıya kalacaktır.      

Keywords

• Ekoloji
• Ostracoda
• gösterge tür
• yerel yok olma
• Türkiye

Effects of Temperature Changes on the Spatial Distribution and Ecology of Ostracod (Crustacea) Species

Abstract

To understand the possible effects of changes in ambient temperature on spatial distribution and ecology of ostracods, samples were randomly collected from 70 aquatic sites with 12 different habitat types from Hatay (Turkey) province during the summer season of 2012. 14 of 19 ostracod species were newly reported for the province. The first two axes of CCA explained 79.7% of the cumulative variance of the relationship between the 12 most common species and five environmental variables. Accordingly, water temperature and electrical conductivity were the most effective factors on species occurrences (p<0.05). Estimating ecological optimum and tolerance values of species revealed that Herpetocypris chevreuxi and Cypridopsis vidua displayed the lowest and highest tolerance values for water temperature, respectively. TWINSPAN results illustrated that ostracod species can be used to determine characteristics of habitat conditions. Indeed, the co-occurrence of H. chevreuxi with one or more cosmopolitan species is the indication of an increase in salinity and temperature values. Results suggested that temperature changes can cause critical alteration in shallow water bodies where species with lower ecological tolerances will eventually be negatively affected. Therefore, such species, which may be called “potential candidate species for local extinction” will either be eliminated from the habitats in short term or become extinct in long term.

Keywords

• Ecology
• Ostracoda
• indicator species
• local extinction
• Turkey

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