Utilization of wastes/by-products as a grinding additive
Year 2023,
, 123 - 130, 20.10.2023
Serkan Çayırlı
,
Hasan Serkan Gökçen
,
Nuri Yüce
,
Obaidullah Elchi
Abstract
In this work, the use of water (W) as a grinding additive in addition to waste/by-products such as olive black water (BW) and residue of olive black water (RBW) in calcite dry grinding to be sized in microns was investigated at a laboratory scale. The test results were evaluated based on product fineness, grinding time, liquid material dosage, and powder flowability. The study revealed that the use of any kind of liquid materials tested improved the grinding process compared to the blank condition. Considering RBW, powder flowability increased as its concentration increased. The findings from both the BW and W data revealed that the dose increase does not yield favorable outcomes in relation to the ffp index. Nevertheless, there was a noticeable enhancement in particle fineness.
Supporting Institution
TÜBİTAK
Thanks
The authors would like to thank The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Grant No. 119M216) for the financial support of this research project. Additionally, the authors express their gratitude to Mikron'S Inc. for supplying the calcite samples and to Dalan Chemistry for the provision of black water.
References
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- Sverak, T. S., Baker, C. G. J., Kozdas, O. 2013. Efficiency of grinding stabilizers in cement clinker processing. Minerals Engineering. 43-44, 52–57.
- Sohoni, S., Sridhar, R., Mandal, G. 1991. The effect of grinding aids on the fine grinding of limestone, quartz and portland cement clinker. Powder Technology. 67(3), 277-286.
- Toprak, N. A., Altun, O., Benzer, H. 2018. The Effect of grinding aids on modelling of air classification of cement. Construction and Building Materials. 160, 564-573.
- Toraman, O.Y., Çayırlı, S., Ucurum, M. 2016. The grinding-aids effect of moisture, triethanolamine (tea) and ethylene glycol (eg) on grinding performance and product quality of calcite. International Journal of Engineering Research & Science (IJOER). 2(12), 121-128.
- Zhang, T., Gao, J., Hu, J. 2015. Preparation of polymer-based cement grinding aid and their performance on grindability. Construction and Building Materials. 75, 163–168.
- Zhang, Y., Fei, A., Li, D. 2016. Utilization of waste glycerin, industry lignin and cane molasses as grinding aids in blended cement. Construction and Building Materials. 123, 785–791.
Year 2023,
, 123 - 130, 20.10.2023
Serkan Çayırlı
,
Hasan Serkan Gökçen
,
Nuri Yüce
,
Obaidullah Elchi
References
- Akar, C., Canbaz, M. 2016. Effect of molasses as an admixture on concrete durability. Journal of Cleaner Production. 112, 2374-2380.
- BadJena, S.K. Mishra, B.K. 2011. Optimization of variables in grinding brass particles for paint and pigment industry. Powder Technol. 214,349–355.
- Çayırlı, S. 2018. Influences of operating parameters on dry ball mill performance. Physicochemical. Problems of Minerals Process. 54, 751–762.
- Çayırlı, S. 2022. Analysis of grinding aid performance effects on dry fine milling of calcite. Advanced Powder Technology. 33, 103446.
- Çayırlı, S., Gökçen, H. S., Yüce, N., Elchi, O. 2023. Investigation of the usage of waste materials and by-products as grinding aids in calcite grinding. Minerals Engineering. 202, 108267.
- Çayırlı, S. 2014. Investigation of the effects of grinding parameters on mica grinding in a stirred ball mill. Ph. D. Thesis (In Turkish). Eskişehir: Eskişehir Osmangazi University.
- Çayırlı S., Gökçen, H. S., Yüce, N., Elchi, O. 2020. The investigation of usability of olive pomace oil as a grinding aid. Journal of Engineering and Architecture Faculty of Eskişehir Osmangazi University. 29(2), 189-201.
- Fukumori, Y., Tamura, H., Jono, K., Miyamoto, M., Tokumitsu, H., Ichikawa, H., Block, L.H. 1998. Dry grinding of chitosan powder by a planetary ball mill. Adv. Powder Technol. 9, 281–292.
- Gao, X., Yingzi, Y., Hongwei, D. 2011. Utilization of beet molasses as a grinding aid in blended cements. Construction and Building Materials. 25, 3782–3789.
- Gökçen, H. S., Çayırlı, S., Ucbas, Y., Kayaci, K. 2015. The effect of grinding aids on dry micro fine grinding of feldspar. International Journal of Mineral Processing. 136(Supplement C), 42-44.
- Jenike, A.W. 1964. Storage and Flow of Solids, Bull. Utah Eng. Exp. Station 123.
- Katsioti, M., Tsakiridis, P. E., Giannatos, P., Tsibouki, Z., Marinos, J. 2009. Characterization of various cement grinding aids and their impact on grindability and cement performance. Construction and Building Materials. 23(5), 1954-1959.
- Leoneti, A. B., Aragão-Leoneti, V., Oliveira, S. V. W. B. 2012. Glycerol as a by-product of biodiesel production in Brazil: Alternatives for the use of unrefined glycerol. Renewable Energy. 45, 138-145.
- Li, H., Jiang, Z., Yang, X., Yu, L., Zhang, G., Wu, J., Liu, X. 2015. Sustainable resource opportunity for cane molasses: use of cane molasses as a grin ding aid in the production of Portland cement. Journal of Cleaner Production. 93, 56-64.
- Li, H., Zhao, J., Huang, Y., Jiang, Z., Yang, X., Yang, Z., Chen, Q. 2016. Investigation on the potential of waste cooking oil as a grinding aid in Portland cement. Journal of Environmental Management. 184, 545-551.
- Li, L., Feng, Y., Liu, M., Zhao, F. 2017. Preparation of grinding aid using waste acid residue from plasticizer plant. International Conference on Materials Sciences and Nanomaterials, 230.
- Li, W., Ma, S., Shen, X. 2018. Washington Patent No. 10,077,211. U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Ma, B., Wang, J., Li, X., He, C., Yang, H. 2013. The influence of oleic acid on the hydration and mechanical properties of Portland cement. J. Wuhan Univ. Technol. Mater. Sci. 28(6), 1177–1180.
- Paramasivam, R., Vedaraman, R. 1992. Effects of the physical properties of liquid additives on dry grinding. Powder Technology. 70(1), 43-50.
- Paramasivam, R., Vedaraman, R. 1993. Effect of fatty acid additives on the material flow properties of dry grinding. Powder Technol. 77, 69–78.
- Parks, G. A. 1984. Surface and interfacial free energies of quartz. J. Geophys. Res. 89, 3997–4008.
- Prziwara, P., Breitung-Faes, S., Kwade, A. 2018. Impact of grinding aids on dry grinding performance, bulk properties and surface energy. Advanced Powder Technology. 29(2), 416-425.
- Prziwara, P., Kwade, A. 2020. Grinding aids for dry fine grinding processes – Part I: Mechanism of action and lab-scale grinding. Powder Technology. 375, 146–160.
- Rumpf, H. 1974. Die Wissenschaft des Agglomerierens. Chem. Ingenieur Technik. 1, 1–11.
Slettengren K, Xanthakis E, Ahrné L, Windhab EJ. 2015. Flow properties of spices measured with powder flow tester and ring shear tester-XS. Int. J. Food Prop. 19, 1475–1482.
- Sverak, T. S., Baker, C. G. J., Kozdas, O. 2013. Efficiency of grinding stabilizers in cement clinker processing. Minerals Engineering. 43-44, 52–57.
- Sohoni, S., Sridhar, R., Mandal, G. 1991. The effect of grinding aids on the fine grinding of limestone, quartz and portland cement clinker. Powder Technology. 67(3), 277-286.
- Toprak, N. A., Altun, O., Benzer, H. 2018. The Effect of grinding aids on modelling of air classification of cement. Construction and Building Materials. 160, 564-573.
- Toraman, O.Y., Çayırlı, S., Ucurum, M. 2016. The grinding-aids effect of moisture, triethanolamine (tea) and ethylene glycol (eg) on grinding performance and product quality of calcite. International Journal of Engineering Research & Science (IJOER). 2(12), 121-128.
- Zhang, T., Gao, J., Hu, J. 2015. Preparation of polymer-based cement grinding aid and their performance on grindability. Construction and Building Materials. 75, 163–168.
- Zhang, Y., Fei, A., Li, D. 2016. Utilization of waste glycerin, industry lignin and cane molasses as grinding aids in blended cement. Construction and Building Materials. 123, 785–791.