Öğretmenlerin Mesleki Yetkinlik, Mesleki Sosyal Destek ve Tükenmişlik İlişkisinin Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli ile İncelenmesi
Year 2011,
Volume: 1 Issue: 21, 1 - 25, 04.07.2011
Begümhan Yellice-yüksel
,
Sema Kaner
Cem Güzeller
Abstract
Bu araştırmada, algılanan sosyal desteğin ve mesleki yetkinlik inancının özel eğitim (n=212) ve genel eğitim (n=238) öğretmenlerinin tükenmişliklerine etkileri yapısal eşitlik modeli çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Veriler Öğretmen Mesleki Tükenmişlik Ölçeği, Mesleki Yetkinlik Ölçeği ve Mesleki Sosyal Destek Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Önce, göstergelerin örtük değişkeni ne oranda temsil ettiğinin saptanması ve örtük değişkenler arasındaki korelasyonların belirlenmesi için ölçme modelleri test edilmiştir. Daha sonra, ölçme modeli tarafından doğrulanan yapılar arasındaki ilişkiler önerilen model doğrultusunda incelenmiştir. Bulgular, ölçme modellerinin yanı sıra önerilen modelin de doğrulandığını ortaya koymuştur. Buna göre yöneticilerden ve meslektaşlardan alınan destek, öğretmenlerin kendilerini mesleklerinde yetkin hissetmelerine, dolayısıyla daha az tükenmişlik yaşamalarına neden olmaktadır.
References
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- Chen, S. (1995). Stres, Burnout and social support among teachers in Taiwan. Dissertation Abstract International, 57 (1), 41.
- Chessnut, W.J. (1997). The relationship between social support and professional burnout among public secondary school teachers in Northeast Tennessee. Dissertation Abstract International, 58 (3), 690.
- Cheuk,, w. h. & Sai, W. K. (1995). Stress, social support and teacher burnout in Macau. Current Psychology, 14 (1), 42-46.
- Cohen, S. & Wills, T.A. (1985). Stress, social support and buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98 (2), 310-357.
- Duncan, T.E. & McAuley, E. (1993). Social support and efficacy cognitions in exercise adherence: A latent growth curve analysis. Journal of Behavioral Medicine,
- Friedman, I.A. (2002). Burnout in school principals: Role related antecedents. Social Psychology of Education, 5, 229-251.
- Friedman, I.A. (2003). Self-efficacy and burnout in teaching. The importance of interpersonal-relations efficacy. Social Psychology of Education, 6 (3), 191-215.
- Friedman, I.A. & Kass, E. (2002). Teacher self-efficacy: A classroom-organization conceptualization. Teaching and Teacher Education, 18, 675-686.
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- Goddard, R.D. & Goddard, Y.L. (2001). A multilevel analysis of the relationship between teacher and collective efficacy in urban schools. Teaching and Teacher Education, 17, 807-818.
- Gökçakan, Z. ve Özer, R. (1997). Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesindeki Görevli Rehber Öğretmenlerde Tükenmişlik Düzeyi Nedenleri ve Çeşitli Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi. 4. Ulusal Eğitim Bilimleri Kongresinde sunulmuş bildiri, Eskişehir.
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- Hair, J., Anderson, R.E. & Tapham, R.L. (1998). Multivariate data analysis. New York: Prentice Hall.
- Hardy, C.A. (1999). Perceptions of physical education beginning teachers‟ first year of teaching: Are we doing enough to prevent early attrition? Teacher Development, 3 (1), 108-126.
- Kaner, S. (2001, Haziran). Zihinsel Engelli ve İşitme Engelli Çocukları olan Ebeveynlerin Algıladıkları Stres ve Sosyal Destek Düzeyleri. Uluslararası Özel Eğitim Etkileşim ve İşbirliği Konferansında sunulmuş bildiri, Antalya.
- Kaner, S. (2007). Öğretmen Mesleki Sosyal Destek Ölçeği’nin psikometrik özellikleri. Yayınlanmamış Araştırma Raporu.
- Kaner, S., Şekercioğlu G. ve Yellice-Yüksel, B. (2008a). Öğretmen Mesleki Öz- yetkinlik Ölçeği Geliştirme Çalışması. Eğitimde ve Psikolojide Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Kongresinde sunulmuş bildiri, Ankara.
- Kaner, S., Yellice-Yüksel, B. ve Şekercioğlu G., (2008b). Öğretmen Mesleki Tükenmişlik Ölçeği Geliştirme Çalışması. I. Ulusal Eğitimde ve Psikolojide Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Kongresinde sunulmuş bildiri, Ankara.
- Kelloway, E.K. (1998). Using lisrel for structural equation modeling, United States of America, Sage Publications.
- Knobloch, N.A. & Whittington, B.S. (2003). Novice teachers‟ perceptions of support, teacher preparation quality, and student teaching experience related to teacher efficacy. Journal of Vocaitonal Education Research Volume 27, Issue 3. Web: http://web4.epnet.com/citation.asp?tb=1&_ug=sid+F3808753%2D9422%D4c8C% 2 adresinden erişildi.
- Labone, E. (2005). The role of teacher efficacy in the development and prevention of teacher burnout. Web: http://www.aare.edu.au/02pap/lab02593.htm adresinden erişildi.
- Lehman, D.R., Ellard, J.H. & Worthman, C.B. (1986). Social support for the bereaved: recipients and providers perspectives on what is helpful. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 54, 438-446.
- Leiter, M.P. (1992). Burnout as a crisis in self-efficacy: Conceptual and practical ımplications. Work and Stres, 6, 107-115.
- Leiter, M.P. & Maslach, C. (1988). The ımpact of ınterpersonal environment on burnout and organizational commitment. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 9 (4), 297- 308.
- Lin, C. (2006). Culture shock and social support: an ınvestigation of a chinese student organization on a US campus. Journal of Intercultural Communication Research, 35, 117-137.
- Marsh, H.W. & Hocevar, D., (1988), A new, more powerful approach to multitrait- multimethod analyses: Application of second-order confirmatory factor analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 73, 107-117.
- Maslach, C. & Jackson, S.E. (1981). The measurements of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behaviour, 2, 99-113.
- Mykletun, R.J. & Mykletun A. (1999). Comprehensive school teachers at risk of early exit from work. Experimental Aging Research, 25, 359-365.
- Pearson, J.E. (1986). The definition and measurement of social support. journal of counseling and development, 64, 390-395.
- Pines, A.M. & Aronson, E. (1988). Career burnout. Causes and cures. New York: The Fire.
- Plana, A.B., Fabregat, A.A. & Gassiq, J.B. (2003). Burnout syndrome and coping strategies: A structural relations model. Psychology in Spain, 7 (1), 46-55.
- Ross, J.A. (1994). The ımpact of an ınservice to promote cooperative learning on the stability of teacher efficacy. Teaching and Teacher Education, 10, 381-384.
- Sava, F.A. (2002). Causes and effects of teacher conflict-inducing attitudes towards pupils: A path analysisi. Teacher and Teacher Education, 18, 1007-1021.
- Shachar, H. & Shmuelevitz (1997). Implementing cooperative learning, teacher collaboration and teachers‟ sense of efficacy in heterogeneous junior high scholls. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 22, 53-72.
- Sümer, N. (2000). Yapısal eşitlik modelleri: Temel kavramlar ve örnek uygulamalar. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 3 (6).
- Swenson , D. N. (1990). An analysis of burnout rates among special education teachers across special days class cathegory, organization and site variation. Dissertation Abstract International, 51 (5), 1580.
- Şimşek, Ö.F. (2007). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesine Giriş-Temel İlkeler ve Lisrel Uygulamaları. Ankara: Ekinoks.
- Uzun, N. B., Gelbal, S. ve Öğretmen, T. (2010). TIMSS-R fen başarısı ve duyuşsal özellikler arasındaki ilişkinin modellenmesi ve modelin cinsiyetler bakımından karşılaştırılması. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 18 (2), 531-544.
- Younghusband, L.J. (2006). High school teachers‟ perceptions of their working environment in Newfounoland: A ground theory study. http://72.14.207.104/search?q=cache:E_FfEg2NCSEJ adresinden erişildi.
Year 2011,
Volume: 1 Issue: 21, 1 - 25, 04.07.2011
Begümhan Yellice-yüksel
,
Sema Kaner
Cem Güzeller
References
- Abel, M.H. ve Sewell, J. (1999). Stress and Burnout in Rural and Urban Secondary School Teachers. Journal of Educational Research, 92 (5), 287-293.
- Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice- Hall.
- Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Freenman and Company.
- Baysal, A. (1995). Lise ve dengi okul öğretmenlerinde tükenmişliğe etki eden faktörler. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir.
- Billingsley, B.S. & Cross, L.H. (1991). Teachers‟ decisions to transfer from special to general education. The Journal of Special Education, 24 (4), 496-511.
- Brouwers, A., Evers, W. & Tomic, W. (2001). Self-efficacy in eliciting social support and burnout among secondary-school teachers. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 31 (7), 1474-1491.
- Brouwers, A. & Tomic, W. (2000). A longitudinal study of teacher burnout and perceived self-efficacy in classroom management. Teaching and Teacher Education,
- Brownell, M. T. & Pajares, F. (1997). Teacher Efficacy and Perceived Success in Mainstreaming Students with Learning and Behavior Problems. Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Chicago, IL.
- Burke, R.J., Greenglass, E.R. & Schwarzer, R. (1996). Predicting teacher burnout over time: Effects of work stres, social support, ve self-doubts on burnout and ıts consequnces. Anxiety, Stres, and Coping, 9, 261-275.
- Chau, P. Y. K. (1997). Reexamining a model for evaluating information center success using a stuructural Equation modeling approach. Decision Science. 28 (2), 309-334.
- Chen, S. (1995). Stres, Burnout and social support among teachers in Taiwan. Dissertation Abstract International, 57 (1), 41.
- Chessnut, W.J. (1997). The relationship between social support and professional burnout among public secondary school teachers in Northeast Tennessee. Dissertation Abstract International, 58 (3), 690.
- Cheuk,, w. h. & Sai, W. K. (1995). Stress, social support and teacher burnout in Macau. Current Psychology, 14 (1), 42-46.
- Cohen, S. & Wills, T.A. (1985). Stress, social support and buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98 (2), 310-357.
- Duncan, T.E. & McAuley, E. (1993). Social support and efficacy cognitions in exercise adherence: A latent growth curve analysis. Journal of Behavioral Medicine,
- Friedman, I.A. (2002). Burnout in school principals: Role related antecedents. Social Psychology of Education, 5, 229-251.
- Friedman, I.A. (2003). Self-efficacy and burnout in teaching. The importance of interpersonal-relations efficacy. Social Psychology of Education, 6 (3), 191-215.
- Friedman, I.A. & Kass, E. (2002). Teacher self-efficacy: A classroom-organization conceptualization. Teaching and Teacher Education, 18, 675-686.
- Girgin, G. ve Baysal, A. (2005). Tükenmişlik sendromuna bir örnek: Zihinsel engelli öğrencilere eğitim veren öğretmenlerin mesleki tükenmişlik düzeyi. TSK Koruyucu Bülteni, 4 (4), 172- 187.
- Giles, D.C. (2002). Advanced research methods in psychology. London: Routledge.
- Goddard, R.D. & Goddard, Y.L. (2001). A multilevel analysis of the relationship between teacher and collective efficacy in urban schools. Teaching and Teacher Education, 17, 807-818.
- Gökçakan, Z. ve Özer, R. (1997). Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesindeki Görevli Rehber Öğretmenlerde Tükenmişlik Düzeyi Nedenleri ve Çeşitli Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi. 4. Ulusal Eğitim Bilimleri Kongresinde sunulmuş bildiri, Eskişehir.
- Greenglass, R., Burke, R.J. & Konarski, R. (1997). The ımpact of social support on the development of burnout in teachers: Examination of a model. Work and Stress, 11 (3), 267-278.
- Greenwood, G.E., Olejnik, S.F. & Parkay, F.W. (1990). Relationships between four teacher efficacy belief patterns and selected teacher characteristics. Journal of Research and Development in Education, 23 (2), 102-106.
- Gündüz, B. (2004). İlköğretimde öğretmenlerinde tükenmişlik. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 1 (1), 152-166.
- Hair, J., Anderson, R.E. & Tapham, R.L. (1998). Multivariate data analysis. New York: Prentice Hall.
- Hardy, C.A. (1999). Perceptions of physical education beginning teachers‟ first year of teaching: Are we doing enough to prevent early attrition? Teacher Development, 3 (1), 108-126.
- Kaner, S. (2001, Haziran). Zihinsel Engelli ve İşitme Engelli Çocukları olan Ebeveynlerin Algıladıkları Stres ve Sosyal Destek Düzeyleri. Uluslararası Özel Eğitim Etkileşim ve İşbirliği Konferansında sunulmuş bildiri, Antalya.
- Kaner, S. (2007). Öğretmen Mesleki Sosyal Destek Ölçeği’nin psikometrik özellikleri. Yayınlanmamış Araştırma Raporu.
- Kaner, S., Şekercioğlu G. ve Yellice-Yüksel, B. (2008a). Öğretmen Mesleki Öz- yetkinlik Ölçeği Geliştirme Çalışması. Eğitimde ve Psikolojide Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Kongresinde sunulmuş bildiri, Ankara.
- Kaner, S., Yellice-Yüksel, B. ve Şekercioğlu G., (2008b). Öğretmen Mesleki Tükenmişlik Ölçeği Geliştirme Çalışması. I. Ulusal Eğitimde ve Psikolojide Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Kongresinde sunulmuş bildiri, Ankara.
- Kelloway, E.K. (1998). Using lisrel for structural equation modeling, United States of America, Sage Publications.
- Knobloch, N.A. & Whittington, B.S. (2003). Novice teachers‟ perceptions of support, teacher preparation quality, and student teaching experience related to teacher efficacy. Journal of Vocaitonal Education Research Volume 27, Issue 3. Web: http://web4.epnet.com/citation.asp?tb=1&_ug=sid+F3808753%2D9422%D4c8C% 2 adresinden erişildi.
- Labone, E. (2005). The role of teacher efficacy in the development and prevention of teacher burnout. Web: http://www.aare.edu.au/02pap/lab02593.htm adresinden erişildi.
- Lehman, D.R., Ellard, J.H. & Worthman, C.B. (1986). Social support for the bereaved: recipients and providers perspectives on what is helpful. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 54, 438-446.
- Leiter, M.P. (1992). Burnout as a crisis in self-efficacy: Conceptual and practical ımplications. Work and Stres, 6, 107-115.
- Leiter, M.P. & Maslach, C. (1988). The ımpact of ınterpersonal environment on burnout and organizational commitment. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 9 (4), 297- 308.
- Lin, C. (2006). Culture shock and social support: an ınvestigation of a chinese student organization on a US campus. Journal of Intercultural Communication Research, 35, 117-137.
- Marsh, H.W. & Hocevar, D., (1988), A new, more powerful approach to multitrait- multimethod analyses: Application of second-order confirmatory factor analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 73, 107-117.
- Maslach, C. & Jackson, S.E. (1981). The measurements of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behaviour, 2, 99-113.
- Mykletun, R.J. & Mykletun A. (1999). Comprehensive school teachers at risk of early exit from work. Experimental Aging Research, 25, 359-365.
- Pearson, J.E. (1986). The definition and measurement of social support. journal of counseling and development, 64, 390-395.
- Pines, A.M. & Aronson, E. (1988). Career burnout. Causes and cures. New York: The Fire.
- Plana, A.B., Fabregat, A.A. & Gassiq, J.B. (2003). Burnout syndrome and coping strategies: A structural relations model. Psychology in Spain, 7 (1), 46-55.
- Ross, J.A. (1994). The ımpact of an ınservice to promote cooperative learning on the stability of teacher efficacy. Teaching and Teacher Education, 10, 381-384.
- Sava, F.A. (2002). Causes and effects of teacher conflict-inducing attitudes towards pupils: A path analysisi. Teacher and Teacher Education, 18, 1007-1021.
- Shachar, H. & Shmuelevitz (1997). Implementing cooperative learning, teacher collaboration and teachers‟ sense of efficacy in heterogeneous junior high scholls. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 22, 53-72.
- Sümer, N. (2000). Yapısal eşitlik modelleri: Temel kavramlar ve örnek uygulamalar. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 3 (6).
- Swenson , D. N. (1990). An analysis of burnout rates among special education teachers across special days class cathegory, organization and site variation. Dissertation Abstract International, 51 (5), 1580.
- Şimşek, Ö.F. (2007). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesine Giriş-Temel İlkeler ve Lisrel Uygulamaları. Ankara: Ekinoks.
- Uzun, N. B., Gelbal, S. ve Öğretmen, T. (2010). TIMSS-R fen başarısı ve duyuşsal özellikler arasındaki ilişkinin modellenmesi ve modelin cinsiyetler bakımından karşılaştırılması. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 18 (2), 531-544.
- Younghusband, L.J. (2006). High school teachers‟ perceptions of their working environment in Newfounoland: A ground theory study. http://72.14.207.104/search?q=cache:E_FfEg2NCSEJ adresinden erişildi.