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A necrobacillosis case determined in a sheep herd

Year 2019, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 41 - 44, 30.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.24880/maeuvfd.532072

Abstract

In this study, cases of necrobasillozis detected
in a sheep herd in Kars province were described.A total of 12 deaths were noted
in 2-4 month-old sheep in a herd containing 210 animals. Three of dead animals
were brought to Kafkas University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of
Pathology for necropsying. Systemic necropsy was performed and tissue samples
were collected for histopathological and microbiological investigations. On
gross examination, yellow-white multifocal necrotic areas sizing up to 3 cm in
liver of one case, and up to 1 cm in lung of another animal were recognized. No
gross lesions were detected in the third animal. In microscopic examination of
these two cases in which lesions were detected, coagulation necrosis with
central calcification and peripherally located crumbs of leukocyte nucleus were
noted. In the animal with lung lesions, alveolar capillary hyperemia and
mononuclear cellular infiltration including neutrophil leukocytes were also
detected. In microbiological analysis, samples were inoculated onto specific
agars, incubated at aerobic, microaerobic and anaerobic conditions for 48 hours
and finally colonies grown on anaerobic environment in Eugon agar and blood
agar were evaluated. In inoculations made from the 2 lungs and 1 liver samples
that were collected from different animals, colonies that produce large
hemolytic areas were viewed. In gram staining, fusiform and gram (-) bacteria
were named as Fusobacterium
necrophorum. The
results of the study indicate that necrobasillozis might be an important cause
of death in lambs in Kars province. It was also concluded that death due to
necrobasillozis might be seen in lambs with no apparent gross lesions.

References

  • 1.Agerholm JS, Boye M, Aalbaek B. Ovine fetal necrobacillosis. J Comp Pathol., 2007; 136 (4): 213-221. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcpa.2007.01.012.
  • 2.Amoako KK, Goto Y, Shinjo T. Comparison of extracellular enzymes of Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. necrophorum and Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. funduliforme. J Clin Microbiol., 1993; 31 (8): 2244-2247.
  • 3.Aşkın Kılınç A. Erzurum İlinde Kesimi Yapılan Koyunlarda Karaciğer Lezyonları Üzerinde Patolojik İncelemeler. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Atatürk Üniv., Sağlık Bil Enst., 2014.
  • 4.Edwards JE, McEwan NR, McKain N, Walker N, Wallace RJ. Influence of flavomycin on ruminal fermentation and microbial populations in sheep. Microbiology., 2005; 151 (Pt 3): 717-725. DOI :10.1099/mic.0.27602-0.
  • 5.Foster AP, Otter A, Naylor R, Wessels ME, Veenstra B. Hepatitis in a six-month-old lamb with Fusobacterium varium infection. Vet Rec., 2009; 164 (3): 98. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.164.3.98.
  • 6.Handeland K, Boye M, Bergsjø B, Bondal H, Isaksen K, Agerholm JS. Digital necrobacillosis in Norwegian wild tundra reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). J Comp Pathol., 2010; 143 (1): 29-38. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2009.12.018.
  • 7.Harris ANA. Fusiformis necrophorus infection of the liver in young lambs. Aust Vet J., 1947; 23, 152-153.
  • 8.Jensen A, Hagelskjaer Kristensen L, Nielsen N, Prag J. Minimum requirements for a rapid and reliable routine identification and antibiogram of Fusobacterium necrophorum. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis., 2008; 27: 557–563. DOI: 10.1007/s10096-008-0468-8.
  • 9.Marsh H. Necrobacillosis of the rumen in young lambs. J Am Vet Med Assoc., 1944; 104: 23-25.
  • 10.Milli UH, Hazıroğlu R. Veteriner Patoloji. Cilt 1, s, 181. Tamer Matbaacılık, Ankara, 1997.
  • 11.Nagaraja TG, Narayanan SK, Stewart GC, Chengappa MM. Fusobacterium necrophorum infections in animals: Pathogenesis and pathogenic mechanisms. Anaerobe, 2005; 11 (4): 239-246. DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2005.01.007.
  • 12.Narongwanichgarna W, Misawa N, Jin JH, Amoako KK, Kawaguchi E, Shinjo T, Haga T, Goto Y. Specific detection and differentiation of two subspecies of Fusobacterium necrophorum by PCR. Vet Microbiol., 2003; 91, 183–195. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-1135(02)00295-X.
  • 13.Otlu S, Aydın F. Evcil hayvanlarda Fusobacterium necrophorum infeksiyonları. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg., 2002; 8 (2): 171-175.
  • 14.Pendik Veteriner Kontrol Enstitüsü. Veteriner Hekimin El Kitabı. 4.Baskı, İstanbul, 2016.
  • 15.Ramos-Vara JA, Rook J, Scanlan CM, Mugli F, Yamini B. Fusobacterium necrophorum septicemia in a lamb: Pathologic and microbiologic characterization. J Vet Diagn Invest., 1997; 9 (1): 79-82. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/104063879700900115.
  • 16.Shanthalingam S, Narayanan S, Batra SA, Jegarubee B, Srikumaran S. Fusobacterium necrophorum in North American Bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) pneumonia. J Wild Dis., 2016; 52 (3): 616-620. DOI: 10.7589/2015-02-039.
  • 17.Shibahara T, Akiba T, Maeda T, Ogata T, Honda R, Ishikawa Y, Kadota K. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural identification of Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. necrophorum in bovine fatal necrotizing glossitis. J Vet Med Sci., 2002; 64 (6): 523-526. DOI: 10.1292/jvms.64.523.
  • 18.Smith GR. Pathogenicity of Fusobacterium necrophorum biovar B. Res Vet Sci., 1992; 52, 260–261. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-5288(92)90020-3.
  • 19.Smith GR, Thornton EA. The prevalence of Fusobacterium necrophorum biovar A in animal faeces. Epidemiol Infect., 1993; 110 (2): 327-331. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268800068266.
  • 20.Tadepalli S, Narayanan SK, Stewart GC, Chengappa MM, Nagaraja TG. Fusobacterium necrophorum: A ruminal bacterium that invades liver to cause abscesses in cattle. Anaerobe, 2009; 15 (1-2): 36-43. DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2008.05.005.
  • 21.Tan ZL, Nagaraja TG, Chengappa MM. Fusobacterium necrophorum infections: Virulence factors, pathogenic mechanism and control measures. Vet Res Commun., 1996; 20 (2): 113-140. DOI: 10.1007/BF00385634.
  • 22.Zhou H, Bennett G, Hickford JG. Variation in Fusobacterium necrophorum strains present on the hooves of footrot infected sheep, goats and cattle. Vet Microbiol., 2009; 135 (3-4): 363-367. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.09.084.

Bir koyun sürüsünde tespit edilen nekrobasillozis olgusu

Year 2019, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 41 - 44, 30.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.24880/maeuvfd.532072

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Kars ilinde bir koyun
sürüsünde tespit edilen Nekrobasiloz olguları tanımlanmıştır.
Kars ilinde 210 başlı bir koyun sürüsünde bir hafta
içerisinde 2-4 aylık kuzularda toplam 12 adet ölüm olduğu bildirilmiştir. Ölen
hayvanlardan 3’ü nekropsileri yapılmak üzere Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner
Fakültesi Patoloji Anabilim dalına getirilmiştir. Sistemik nekropsileri
uygulanan hayvanlardan doku örnekleri histopatolojik incelemeler ve mikrobiyolojik
analiz için toplanmıştır. 
Makroskobik bakıda bir hayvanın
karaciğerinde çapları 3 cm’e, diğer bir hayvanın ise akciğerinde 1 cm’e kadar
varan multifokal yerleşimli boz beyaz renkli nekrotik alanlar gözlemlendi. Ölen
diğer hayvanın iç organlarında ise herhangi bir bulguya rastlanmadı. Makroskopik
olarak lezyon belirlenen her iki hayvanın histopatolojik incelemelerinde,
ortalarında kireçlenme alanlarını da içerebilen ve çevresinde yıkımlanmış
lökosit çekirdeklerine ait kırıntılar bulunan kazeifikasyon nekroz alanları
gözlemlendi. Akciğerde lezyon bulunan vakada ayrıca alveol kapillarlarında
hiperemi ile alveol lumenlerinde nötrofil lökositleri de içeren mononüklear hücre
infiltrasyonları tespit edildi. Mikrobiyolojik olarak spesifik besiyerlerine
ekimler yapılarak aerobik, mikroaerobik ve anaerobik ortamda gerçekleştirilen
48 saatlik inkubasyon sonunda anaerobik ortamda inkübe edilen Eugon agar ve
kanlı agar plaklarında üreyen koloniler değerlendirildi. İki kuzudan alınan
akciğer örnekleri ile bir kuzudan alınan karaciğer örneklerinden yapılan
ekimler sonucunda geniş β-hemolitik alanlar meydana getiren koloniler gözlendi.
Gram boyama sonucunda fusiform (iğ benzeri) ve gram (-) bakteriler Fusobacterium necrophorum olarak
tanımlandı. 
Elde
edilen bulgular neticesinde Kars ilinde meydana gelen kuzu ölümlerinde nekrobasillozun
önemli bir etken olabileceği kanısına varılmıştır. Çalışma bulguları
doğrultusunda ayrıca makroskobik olarak lezyon gözlemlenmeyen kuzularda da
nekrobasilloza bağlı ölümlerin olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

References

  • 1.Agerholm JS, Boye M, Aalbaek B. Ovine fetal necrobacillosis. J Comp Pathol., 2007; 136 (4): 213-221. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcpa.2007.01.012.
  • 2.Amoako KK, Goto Y, Shinjo T. Comparison of extracellular enzymes of Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. necrophorum and Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. funduliforme. J Clin Microbiol., 1993; 31 (8): 2244-2247.
  • 3.Aşkın Kılınç A. Erzurum İlinde Kesimi Yapılan Koyunlarda Karaciğer Lezyonları Üzerinde Patolojik İncelemeler. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Atatürk Üniv., Sağlık Bil Enst., 2014.
  • 4.Edwards JE, McEwan NR, McKain N, Walker N, Wallace RJ. Influence of flavomycin on ruminal fermentation and microbial populations in sheep. Microbiology., 2005; 151 (Pt 3): 717-725. DOI :10.1099/mic.0.27602-0.
  • 5.Foster AP, Otter A, Naylor R, Wessels ME, Veenstra B. Hepatitis in a six-month-old lamb with Fusobacterium varium infection. Vet Rec., 2009; 164 (3): 98. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.164.3.98.
  • 6.Handeland K, Boye M, Bergsjø B, Bondal H, Isaksen K, Agerholm JS. Digital necrobacillosis in Norwegian wild tundra reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). J Comp Pathol., 2010; 143 (1): 29-38. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2009.12.018.
  • 7.Harris ANA. Fusiformis necrophorus infection of the liver in young lambs. Aust Vet J., 1947; 23, 152-153.
  • 8.Jensen A, Hagelskjaer Kristensen L, Nielsen N, Prag J. Minimum requirements for a rapid and reliable routine identification and antibiogram of Fusobacterium necrophorum. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis., 2008; 27: 557–563. DOI: 10.1007/s10096-008-0468-8.
  • 9.Marsh H. Necrobacillosis of the rumen in young lambs. J Am Vet Med Assoc., 1944; 104: 23-25.
  • 10.Milli UH, Hazıroğlu R. Veteriner Patoloji. Cilt 1, s, 181. Tamer Matbaacılık, Ankara, 1997.
  • 11.Nagaraja TG, Narayanan SK, Stewart GC, Chengappa MM. Fusobacterium necrophorum infections in animals: Pathogenesis and pathogenic mechanisms. Anaerobe, 2005; 11 (4): 239-246. DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2005.01.007.
  • 12.Narongwanichgarna W, Misawa N, Jin JH, Amoako KK, Kawaguchi E, Shinjo T, Haga T, Goto Y. Specific detection and differentiation of two subspecies of Fusobacterium necrophorum by PCR. Vet Microbiol., 2003; 91, 183–195. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-1135(02)00295-X.
  • 13.Otlu S, Aydın F. Evcil hayvanlarda Fusobacterium necrophorum infeksiyonları. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg., 2002; 8 (2): 171-175.
  • 14.Pendik Veteriner Kontrol Enstitüsü. Veteriner Hekimin El Kitabı. 4.Baskı, İstanbul, 2016.
  • 15.Ramos-Vara JA, Rook J, Scanlan CM, Mugli F, Yamini B. Fusobacterium necrophorum septicemia in a lamb: Pathologic and microbiologic characterization. J Vet Diagn Invest., 1997; 9 (1): 79-82. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/104063879700900115.
  • 16.Shanthalingam S, Narayanan S, Batra SA, Jegarubee B, Srikumaran S. Fusobacterium necrophorum in North American Bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) pneumonia. J Wild Dis., 2016; 52 (3): 616-620. DOI: 10.7589/2015-02-039.
  • 17.Shibahara T, Akiba T, Maeda T, Ogata T, Honda R, Ishikawa Y, Kadota K. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural identification of Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. necrophorum in bovine fatal necrotizing glossitis. J Vet Med Sci., 2002; 64 (6): 523-526. DOI: 10.1292/jvms.64.523.
  • 18.Smith GR. Pathogenicity of Fusobacterium necrophorum biovar B. Res Vet Sci., 1992; 52, 260–261. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-5288(92)90020-3.
  • 19.Smith GR, Thornton EA. The prevalence of Fusobacterium necrophorum biovar A in animal faeces. Epidemiol Infect., 1993; 110 (2): 327-331. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268800068266.
  • 20.Tadepalli S, Narayanan SK, Stewart GC, Chengappa MM, Nagaraja TG. Fusobacterium necrophorum: A ruminal bacterium that invades liver to cause abscesses in cattle. Anaerobe, 2009; 15 (1-2): 36-43. DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2008.05.005.
  • 21.Tan ZL, Nagaraja TG, Chengappa MM. Fusobacterium necrophorum infections: Virulence factors, pathogenic mechanism and control measures. Vet Res Commun., 1996; 20 (2): 113-140. DOI: 10.1007/BF00385634.
  • 22.Zhou H, Bennett G, Hickford JG. Variation in Fusobacterium necrophorum strains present on the hooves of footrot infected sheep, goats and cattle. Vet Microbiol., 2009; 135 (3-4): 363-367. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.09.084.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Case Reports
Authors

Emin Karakurt

Serpil Dağ

Özgür Çelebi

Hasan Özen

Fatih Büyük

Elif Çelik

Hilmi Nuhoğlu

Aliye Gülmez Sağlam

Publication Date June 30, 2019
Submission Date February 25, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Karakurt, E., Dağ, S., Çelebi, Ö., Özen, H., et al. (2019). A necrobacillosis case determined in a sheep herd. Veterinary Journal of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, 4(1), 41-44. https://doi.org/10.24880/maeuvfd.532072