A stereological study on determination of volume of the heart ventricles in female and male quails

Year 2023, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 8 - 14, 30.04.2023

Gamze Çakmak , Hüseyin Karadağ , Zafer Soygüder , Murat Çetin Ragbetli , Mikail Kara , Veysel Akyol

https://doi.org/10.24880/maeuvfd.1082796

Abstract

In this study, ventricular wall volume of female and male quails was investigated stereologically. Six females and six males were used in this study. All of the animals were perfused. After the perfusion, the quails were kept in 10% formaldehyde solution. Afterwards, chests of quails were cut and their hearts were resected. Ventricles of the hearts were separated. Specific ratio of tissue samples was obtained from each ventricle. The 5-µm thick samples were cut by using a microtome. Sequentially, 10 sections were obtained. These sections were stained by hematoxylin eosin and photographed. Volumes of all tissues of the ventricles were estimated by using the Cavalieri Estimator. In this study, the volume values of female and male quails were compared. Some differences were found between these values. The volume values of six female quails were compared with each other. While the lowest volume value was 0.398 cm³, the highest volume value was 0.612 cm³. The male quails’ volume values were between 0.438 cm³-0.817 cm³. It was found that volume values of male quails were higher than volume values of female quails. As a result, although there was a specific distinction between volume values of female and male quails’ ventricles, there was no difference between statistic values (P>0.05). It was thought that this study will be guiding for other related studies.

Keywords

Heart, quail, stereology, ventricle, volume

References

• 1. Dursun N. Evcil Kuşların Anatomisi. Ankara: Medisan Yayınevi; 2002. p. 97-98.
• 2. Dursun N. Veteriner Anatomi II. . 2.baskı. Ankara: Medisan Yayınevi; 1994.
• 3. Mahoney LT, Smith W, Noel MP, Florentine M, Skorton DJ et al. Measurement of right ventricular volüme using cine computed tomography. Invest Radiol. 1987;22(6):451-5.
• 4. Aebischer NM, Czegledy F. Determination of rght ventricular volume by two-dimentional achocardiography with a crescentic model. J Am Soc Echocardio. 1989;2(2):110-8.
• 5. Eishstaedt H, Danne O, Schroeder RJ, Kreuz D. Left ventricular hypertrophy regression during antihypertensive treatment. J Clin Invest. 1992; 70: 79-86.
• 6. Heusch A, Koch JH, Kragmann ON, Korbmacher B, Bourgeois M. Volumetric analysis of the right and left venricle in a porcine heart model: comparison of the three- dimentional echocardiography magnetic resonance imaging and angiocardigraphy. Eur J Ultrasound. 1999;9(3):245-255.
• 7. Cui W, Anno H, Kondo T, Guo Y, Sato T et al. Right ventricular volume measurement with single-plane Simpson’s method based on a new half- circle model. Int J Cardiol. 2004;94(2-3): 289-292.
• 8. Noerdegraaf AV, Marcus JT, Roseboom B, Postmus PE, Faes TJ et al. The effect of right ventricular ejection fraction in pulmonary emphysema. Chest 1997;112 (3):640-5.
• 9. İnce N, Kahvecioğlu O. Examination of Ventriculi Cordis by Stereologic Method in Sheep (Kivircik Sheep) and Goats (Hair Goat) İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 2010;36(1):21-37.
• 10. Sapin PM, Schroeder KM, Smith MD, DeMaria AN, King, DL. Three dimentional echocardiographic measurement of left ventricular volume in vitro: comparison with two dimentional echocardiography and cine ventriculagraphy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1993;22:1530-7.
• 11. Siu SC, Rivera M, Guererro J, Handschumacher MD, Lethor J et al. Three dimentional echocardiography: in vivo validation for left ventricular volume and function. Circulation 1993;88(1):1713-5.
• 12. Şahin B, Alper T, Kökçü A, Malatyalıoğlu E, Kosif R. Estimation of the amniotic fluid volume using Cavalieri method on ultrasound images. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2003a; 82: 25-30.
• 13. Şahin B, Emirzeoğlu M, Uzun A, İncesu L, Bek Y et al. Unbiased estimation of the liver volume by the Cavalieri Principle using magnetic resonance images. Eur J Radiol. 2003b; 47(2): 164-7.
• 14. Odacı E, Şahin B, Sönmez OF, Kaplan S, Bas O et al. Rapid estimation of the vertebral body volume. A combination of the Cavaleri Principle and computed tomography images. Eur J Radiol. 2003;48(3):316-26.
• 15. Howard CV, Reed MG. Unbiased Stereology: Three-dimensional measurement in microscopy. 1st ed. UK: BIOS Scientific Publishers; 1998. pp. 153-157.
• 16. Glaser JR, Glaser EM. Stereology, morphometry and mapping: the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.journal of Chem Neuroanatomy 2000;20(1):115-126.
• 17. Bertram JF. Counting in the kidney. Kidney Int. 2001;59:792-6.
• 18. Romeis B. Mikroskopische technik. München, Germany: R. Oldenburg; 1948. pp. 51-52.
• 19. Aslanbey D, Sağlam M, Gürkan M, Olcay B. Kanatlılarda ketalar ile genel anestezi. Ankara Uni Vet Fak Derg. 1987;34(2):288-299.
• 20. Weibel ER . Stereological Methods. Vol 2: Theoretical Foundations. London: Academic Press Inc; 1980.
• 21. Cruz-Orive LM, Weibel ER. Recent stereological methods for cell biology: a brief survey. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology. Am J Physiol. 1990;258(4):148-156.
• 22. Gundersen HJG, Jensen EB. The effenciency of systematic sampling in stererology and its prediction. J Microsc-Oxford. 1987;147:229-263.
• 23. Luna LG. Manual of histologic staining methods of the armed forces institute of pathology. 3rd. ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company; 1968. pp. 199-200.
• 24. Howard CV, Reed MG. Three-dimensional measurement in microscopy. In: Cruz-Orive LM, editor. Unbiased Stereology. 2nd ed. London: Taylor & Francis; 2005. pp. 34-39.
• 25. Gundersen HJG. Stereology of arbitrary particles. A review of unbiased number and size estimator and presentation of some new ones in memory of William R Thomson. J Microsc Oxford. 1986;143(1): 3-45.
• 26. Ünal B, Aslan H, Canan S, Sahin B, Kaplan S. Biyolojik ortamlardaki objelerin sayımı yapılırken kullanılan eski (taraflı) metotların önemli hata kaynakları ve çözüm önerileri. Turk Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2002;22 1-6.
• 27. Gevrek F. Prenatal uygulanan diklofenak sodyumun postnatal sıçanlarda kalp dokusuna etkilerinin histolojik ve stereolojik yöntemlerle araştırılması. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniv. Tıp Fak Doktora Tezi 2011; Van.
• 28. Mayhew TM, Gundersen HJG. If you assume, you can make an ass out of u and me’: a decade of disector for stereological counting of particles in 3D space. J Anat. 1996; 188: 1-15.
• 29. Cruz- Orive LM. Stereology of single objects. J Microsc Oxford. 1997; 186: 93-107.
• 30. Lipton MJ, Hayashi TT, Boyd D, Carlsson E. Measurement of left ventricular cast volume by computed tomography. Radiology. 1978;127(2):419-423.