THE MARKET POWER OF TURKEY'S IMPORTED TOBACCO MARKET

Year 2018, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 341 - 350, 30.06.2018

Yrd. Doç. Dr. Kübra Önder

https://doi.org/10.30798/makuiibf.400899

Abstract

Despite
its high share in the taxes collected and the superiority in foreign trade,
tobacco production has been regulated by special laws for many years due to the
increased production of tobacco to the detriment of other agricultural products
and the large number of producers. Public supervision, regulation and
surveillance are still in progress despite the major changes experienced in the
tobacco market due to the recent changes in legislation. Tobacco production
cannot be increased because of technological insufficiency and inadequate
development of research activities. As well as this, there is an increase in the
demand for imported tobacco, which is relatively cheaper than domestic tobacco
in the global competitive environment. This is what transforms Turkey's market
position into the largest tobacco importer which was a tobacco exporting
country before.  The aim of this study is
to calculate Turkey's market power in the tobacco import market econometrically
by using New Industrial Organization method. Market power coefficient was found
to be 0.37 in this study in which annual data for the period 1994-2016 were used.
This result reveals that Turkey's tobacco import is not realized under perfect
competition conditions and the firms display behaviors in oligopolistic
structure.

Keywords

Pazar gücü, ithal talep, tütün ürünleri

TÜRKİYE İTHAL TÜTÜN PİYASASININ PAZAR GÜCÜ

Abstract

Toplanan vergiler içindeki yüksek payına ve dış ticaretteki
üstünlüğüne rağmen tütünün diğer tarım ürünleri aleyhine artan üretimi ve sahip
olduğu büyük miktardaki üretici sayısı nedenleri ile yıllarca üretimi özel
kanunlar ile düzenlenmiştir. Son dönemlerde yapılan mevzuat değişiklikleri ile
tütün piyasasında büyük değişiklikler yaşanmış olsa da kamunun denetim,
düzenleme ve gözetimi devam etmektedir. Tütün üretimi, teknolojik yetersizlik
ve yeterince geliştirilemeyen araştırma faaliyetleri nedenleri ile üretimi artırılamamakla
birlikte Dünya rekabet ortamı içerisinde yerli tütüne göre görece daha ucuz
olan ithal tütün talebi artmaktadır. Bu durum Türkiye’yi tütün ihraç eden ülke konumundan
en büyük ithalatçı ülke konumuna taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’nin tütün
ithalat pazarındaki pazar gücünü Yeni Endüstriyel Organisazyon yöntemi ile
ekonometrik olarak hesaplamaktır. 1994-2016 dönemine ait yıllık verilerin
kullanıldığı bu çalışmada pazar gücü katsayısı 0,37 bulunmuştur. Bu sonuç
Türkiye tütün ithalatının tam rekabet koşullarıda gerçekleşmediğini ve
firmaların davranışlarının oligopolist bir yapı sergilediğini ifade etmektedir.

Keywords

Pazar gücü, ithal talep, tütün ürünleri

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