Research Article
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The Relationship Between Symmetrical Internal Communication, Employer Branding, Organizational Identification and Turnover Intention

Year 2024, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 659 - 678, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.30798/makuiibf.1410097

Abstract

It is accepted by both employers and academic circles that employees in the modern management approach are effective in the success of the organizations they work for. Employees also play a role in organizations creating competitive advantage. Employer branding practices in an organization at the point of creating a strong employer brand not only offer an attractive value package for qualified employees, but also ensure that qualified employees, who are an important competitive advantage for the organization, continue to work in the organization. Therefore, examining the factors associated with employer branding emerges as an issue that needs to be carefully evaluated for the sustainable success of organizations. The main purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between employer branding, symmetrical internal communication, organizational identification and turnover intention. 413 people working in Istanbul-based Turkish airline companies constitute the sample of the research. Quantitative research technique was used in the study and descriptive and relational scanning design was preferred. As a result of the research, a significant and positive relationship was found between symmetrical internal communication and employer branding, and it was determined that organizational identification mediated the relationship between employer branding and turnover intention.

References

  • Aggerholm, H. K., Andersen, S. E., & Thomsen, C. (2011). Conceptualising employer branding in sustainable organisations. Corporate Communications, 16(2), 105–123. https://doi.org/10.1108/13563281111141642
  • Alnıaçık, E., Alnıaçık, Ü., Erat, S., & Akçin, K. (2014). Attracting talented employees to the company: Do we need different employer branding strategies in different cultures? Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150, 336–344. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.09.074
  • Ambler, T., & Barrow, S. (1996). The employer brand. Journal of Brand Management, 4(3), 185–206. https://doi.org/10.1057/bm.1996.42
  • Ashforth, B. E., & Mael, F. (1989). Social identity theory and the organization. Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 20–39. https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.ObO13e31812e5535
  • Backhaus, K., & Tikoo, S. (2004). Conceptualizing and researching employer branding. Career Development International, 9(5), 501–517. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620430410550754
  • Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competetitive advantage. Jornal of Management, 17(1), 99–120.
  • Barrow, S., & Mosley, R. W. (2005). The Employer Brand: Bringing The Best of Brand Management to People At Work. John Wiley&Sons,Ltd.
  • Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. Modern Methods for Business Research, 295(2), 295–336.
  • Dijkstra, T. K., & Henseler, J. (2015). Consistent partial least squares path modeling. MIS Quarterly, 39(2), 297–316.
  • Dutton, J. E., Dukerich, J. M., & Harquail, C. V. (1994). Organizational images and member identification. Administrative Science Quarterly, 39(2), 239–263.
  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50.
  • Foster, C., Punjaisri, K., & Cheng, R. (2010). Exploring the relationship between corporate, internal and employer branding. Journal of Product and Brand Management, 19(6), 401–409. https://doi.org/10.1108/10610421011085712
  • Gadot, E. V., & Zion, E. B. (2004). Bright shining stars: The mediating effect of organizational image on the relationship between work variables and army officers’ intentions to leave the service for a job in high-tech industry. Public Personnel Management, 33(2), 201–223. https://doi.org/10.1177/009102600403300205
  • Gaertner, S. (1999). Structural determinants of job satisfaction and organizational commitment in turnover models. Human Resource Management Review, 9(4), 479–493.
  • Geisser, S. (1974). A predictive approach to the random effect model. Biometrika, 61(1), 101–107.
  • Hair, J., Hult, G. T. ., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., & Thiele, O. (2017). Mirror, mirror on the wall: a comparative evaluation of composite-based structural equation modeling methods. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 45, 616–632. https://doi.org/DOI 10.1007/s11747-017-0517-x
  • Hair, J.F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2009). Multivariate Data Analysis (7th ed.). Prentice Hall.
  • Hair, Joe F, Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139–152.
  • Henseler, J. (2010). On the convergence of the partial least squares path modeling algorithm. Computational Statistics, 25(1), 107–120.
  • Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
  • Jo, S., & Shim, S. W. (2005). Paradigm shift of employee communication: The effect of management communication on trusting relationships. Public Relations Review, 31(2), 277–280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2005.02.012
  • Kang, M., & Park, Y. E. (2017). Exploring trust and distrust as conceptually and empirically distinct constructs: Association with symmetrical communication and public engagement across four pairings of trust and distrust. Journal of Public Relations Research, 29(2–3), 114–135. https://doi.org/10.1080/1062726X.2017.1337579
  • Kang, M., & Sung, M. (2017). How symmetrical employee communication leads to employee engagement and positive employee communication behaviors: The mediation of employee-organization relationships. Journal of Communication Management, 21(1), 82–102. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCOM-04-2016-0026
  • Kimpakorn, N., & Tocquer, G. (2009). Employees’ commitment to brands in the service sector: Luxury hotel chains in thailand. Journal of Brand Management, 16(8), 532–544. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.bm.2550140
  • Knox, S., & Freeman, C. (2006). Measuring and managing employer brand image in the service industry. Journal of Marketing Management, 22(7–8), 695–716. https://doi.org/10.1362/026725706778612103
  • Kucherov, D., & Zavyalova, E. (2012). HRD practices and talent management in the companies with the employer brand. European Journal of Training and Development, 36(1), 86–104. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090591211192647
  • Lee, Y., & Kim, J. (2021). Cultivating employee creativity through strategic internal communication: The role of leadership, symmetry, and feedback seeking behaviors. Public Relations Review, 47(1), 101998. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2020.101998
  • Lievens, F., & Chapman, D. (2019). Recruitment and Selection. In A. Wilkinson, N. Bacon, S. Snell, & D. Lepak (Eds.), The Sage Handbook of Human Resource Management (2th., pp. 123–151). Sage Publishing.
  • Lievens, F., Van Hoye, G., & Anseel, F. (2007). Organizational identity and employer image: Towards a unifying framework. British Journal of Management, 18, S45–S59. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2007.00525.x
  • Maxwell, R., & Knox, S. (2009). Motivating employees to “live the brand”: A comparative case study of employer brand attractiveness within the firm. Journal of Marketing Management, 25(9–10), 893–907. https://doi.org/10.1362/026725709X479282
  • Mobley, W. H. (1982). Some unanswered questions in turnover and withdrawal research. Academy of Management Review, 7(1), 111–116. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1982.4285493
  • Mosley, R. W. (2007). Customer experience, organisational culture and the employer brand. Journal of Brand Management, 15(2), 123–134. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.bm.2550124
  • Muchinsky, P. ., & Morrow, P. C. (1980). A multidisciplinary model of voluntary employee turnover. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 17(3), 263–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(80)90022-6
  • Priyadarshi, P. (2011). Employer brand image as predictor of employee satisfaction, affective commitment & turnover Author (s): Pushpendra Priyadarshi Published by : Shri Ram Centre for Industrial Relations and Human Resources Stable URL : http://www.jstor.org/stable/41149467. Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 46(3), 510–522.
  • Rai, A., & Nandy, B. (2021). Employer brand to leverage employees’ intention to stay through sequential mediation model: evidence from Indian power sector. International Journal of Energy Sector Management, 15(3), 551–565. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJESM-10-2019-0024
  • Robson, P. J. A., & Tourish, D. (2005). Managing internal communication: An organizational case study. Corporate Communications, 10(3), 213–222. https://doi.org/10.1108/13563280510614474
  • Smidts, A., Pruyn, A. T. H., & Van Riel, C. B. (2001). The impact of employee communication and perceived external prestige on organizational identification. Academy of Management Journal, 44(5), 1051–1062. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5465/3069448
  • Stone, M. (1974). Cross‐validatory choice and assessment of statistical predictions. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological), 36(2), 111–133.
  • Tett, R. P., & Meyer, J. P. (1993). Job satisfaction, organizational commitment, turnover intention, and turnover: path analyses based on meta‐analytic findings. Personnel Psychology, 46(2), 259–294. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1993.tb00874.x
  • Theurer, C. P., Tumasjan, A., Welpe, I. M., & Lievens, F. (2018). Employer branding: A brand equity-based literature review and research agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 20(1), 155–179. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12121
  • Van Knippenberg, D., & Van Schie, E. C. (2000). Foci and correlates of organizational identification. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 73(2), 137–147. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317900166949
  • Verčič, A. T. (2021). The impact of employee engagement, organisational support and employer branding on internal communication satisfaction. Public Relations Review, 47(1), 102009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2021.102009
  • Verčič, A. T., & Ćorić, D. S. (2018). The relationship between reputation, employer branding and corporate social responsibility. Public Relations Review, 44(4), 444–452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2018.06.005
Year 2024, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 659 - 678, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.30798/makuiibf.1410097

Abstract

References

  • Aggerholm, H. K., Andersen, S. E., & Thomsen, C. (2011). Conceptualising employer branding in sustainable organisations. Corporate Communications, 16(2), 105–123. https://doi.org/10.1108/13563281111141642
  • Alnıaçık, E., Alnıaçık, Ü., Erat, S., & Akçin, K. (2014). Attracting talented employees to the company: Do we need different employer branding strategies in different cultures? Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150, 336–344. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.09.074
  • Ambler, T., & Barrow, S. (1996). The employer brand. Journal of Brand Management, 4(3), 185–206. https://doi.org/10.1057/bm.1996.42
  • Ashforth, B. E., & Mael, F. (1989). Social identity theory and the organization. Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 20–39. https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.ObO13e31812e5535
  • Backhaus, K., & Tikoo, S. (2004). Conceptualizing and researching employer branding. Career Development International, 9(5), 501–517. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620430410550754
  • Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competetitive advantage. Jornal of Management, 17(1), 99–120.
  • Barrow, S., & Mosley, R. W. (2005). The Employer Brand: Bringing The Best of Brand Management to People At Work. John Wiley&Sons,Ltd.
  • Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. Modern Methods for Business Research, 295(2), 295–336.
  • Dijkstra, T. K., & Henseler, J. (2015). Consistent partial least squares path modeling. MIS Quarterly, 39(2), 297–316.
  • Dutton, J. E., Dukerich, J. M., & Harquail, C. V. (1994). Organizational images and member identification. Administrative Science Quarterly, 39(2), 239–263.
  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50.
  • Foster, C., Punjaisri, K., & Cheng, R. (2010). Exploring the relationship between corporate, internal and employer branding. Journal of Product and Brand Management, 19(6), 401–409. https://doi.org/10.1108/10610421011085712
  • Gadot, E. V., & Zion, E. B. (2004). Bright shining stars: The mediating effect of organizational image on the relationship between work variables and army officers’ intentions to leave the service for a job in high-tech industry. Public Personnel Management, 33(2), 201–223. https://doi.org/10.1177/009102600403300205
  • Gaertner, S. (1999). Structural determinants of job satisfaction and organizational commitment in turnover models. Human Resource Management Review, 9(4), 479–493.
  • Geisser, S. (1974). A predictive approach to the random effect model. Biometrika, 61(1), 101–107.
  • Hair, J., Hult, G. T. ., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., & Thiele, O. (2017). Mirror, mirror on the wall: a comparative evaluation of composite-based structural equation modeling methods. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 45, 616–632. https://doi.org/DOI 10.1007/s11747-017-0517-x
  • Hair, J.F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2009). Multivariate Data Analysis (7th ed.). Prentice Hall.
  • Hair, Joe F, Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139–152.
  • Henseler, J. (2010). On the convergence of the partial least squares path modeling algorithm. Computational Statistics, 25(1), 107–120.
  • Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
  • Jo, S., & Shim, S. W. (2005). Paradigm shift of employee communication: The effect of management communication on trusting relationships. Public Relations Review, 31(2), 277–280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2005.02.012
  • Kang, M., & Park, Y. E. (2017). Exploring trust and distrust as conceptually and empirically distinct constructs: Association with symmetrical communication and public engagement across four pairings of trust and distrust. Journal of Public Relations Research, 29(2–3), 114–135. https://doi.org/10.1080/1062726X.2017.1337579
  • Kang, M., & Sung, M. (2017). How symmetrical employee communication leads to employee engagement and positive employee communication behaviors: The mediation of employee-organization relationships. Journal of Communication Management, 21(1), 82–102. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCOM-04-2016-0026
  • Kimpakorn, N., & Tocquer, G. (2009). Employees’ commitment to brands in the service sector: Luxury hotel chains in thailand. Journal of Brand Management, 16(8), 532–544. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.bm.2550140
  • Knox, S., & Freeman, C. (2006). Measuring and managing employer brand image in the service industry. Journal of Marketing Management, 22(7–8), 695–716. https://doi.org/10.1362/026725706778612103
  • Kucherov, D., & Zavyalova, E. (2012). HRD practices and talent management in the companies with the employer brand. European Journal of Training and Development, 36(1), 86–104. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090591211192647
  • Lee, Y., & Kim, J. (2021). Cultivating employee creativity through strategic internal communication: The role of leadership, symmetry, and feedback seeking behaviors. Public Relations Review, 47(1), 101998. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2020.101998
  • Lievens, F., & Chapman, D. (2019). Recruitment and Selection. In A. Wilkinson, N. Bacon, S. Snell, & D. Lepak (Eds.), The Sage Handbook of Human Resource Management (2th., pp. 123–151). Sage Publishing.
  • Lievens, F., Van Hoye, G., & Anseel, F. (2007). Organizational identity and employer image: Towards a unifying framework. British Journal of Management, 18, S45–S59. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2007.00525.x
  • Maxwell, R., & Knox, S. (2009). Motivating employees to “live the brand”: A comparative case study of employer brand attractiveness within the firm. Journal of Marketing Management, 25(9–10), 893–907. https://doi.org/10.1362/026725709X479282
  • Mobley, W. H. (1982). Some unanswered questions in turnover and withdrawal research. Academy of Management Review, 7(1), 111–116. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1982.4285493
  • Mosley, R. W. (2007). Customer experience, organisational culture and the employer brand. Journal of Brand Management, 15(2), 123–134. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.bm.2550124
  • Muchinsky, P. ., & Morrow, P. C. (1980). A multidisciplinary model of voluntary employee turnover. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 17(3), 263–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(80)90022-6
  • Priyadarshi, P. (2011). Employer brand image as predictor of employee satisfaction, affective commitment & turnover Author (s): Pushpendra Priyadarshi Published by : Shri Ram Centre for Industrial Relations and Human Resources Stable URL : http://www.jstor.org/stable/41149467. Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 46(3), 510–522.
  • Rai, A., & Nandy, B. (2021). Employer brand to leverage employees’ intention to stay through sequential mediation model: evidence from Indian power sector. International Journal of Energy Sector Management, 15(3), 551–565. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJESM-10-2019-0024
  • Robson, P. J. A., & Tourish, D. (2005). Managing internal communication: An organizational case study. Corporate Communications, 10(3), 213–222. https://doi.org/10.1108/13563280510614474
  • Smidts, A., Pruyn, A. T. H., & Van Riel, C. B. (2001). The impact of employee communication and perceived external prestige on organizational identification. Academy of Management Journal, 44(5), 1051–1062. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5465/3069448
  • Stone, M. (1974). Cross‐validatory choice and assessment of statistical predictions. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological), 36(2), 111–133.
  • Tett, R. P., & Meyer, J. P. (1993). Job satisfaction, organizational commitment, turnover intention, and turnover: path analyses based on meta‐analytic findings. Personnel Psychology, 46(2), 259–294. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1993.tb00874.x
  • Theurer, C. P., Tumasjan, A., Welpe, I. M., & Lievens, F. (2018). Employer branding: A brand equity-based literature review and research agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 20(1), 155–179. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12121
  • Van Knippenberg, D., & Van Schie, E. C. (2000). Foci and correlates of organizational identification. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 73(2), 137–147. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317900166949
  • Verčič, A. T. (2021). The impact of employee engagement, organisational support and employer branding on internal communication satisfaction. Public Relations Review, 47(1), 102009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2021.102009
  • Verčič, A. T., & Ćorić, D. S. (2018). The relationship between reputation, employer branding and corporate social responsibility. Public Relations Review, 44(4), 444–452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2018.06.005
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Organizational Culture
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Funda Yalım 0000-0002-0940-8868

Kağan Cenk Mızrak 0000-0003-4447-2141

Publication Date June 30, 2024
Submission Date December 26, 2023
Acceptance Date March 11, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 11 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Yalım, F., & Mızrak, K. C. (2024). The Relationship Between Symmetrical Internal Communication, Employer Branding, Organizational Identification and Turnover Intention. Journal of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Economics and Administrative Sciences Faculty, 11(2), 659-678. https://doi.org/10.30798/makuiibf.1410097

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