Review
BibTex RIS Cite

ORTA DOĞU GÜVENLİĞİNDE YENİ AÇILIMLAR VE İBRAHİM ANTLAŞMASI

Year 2021, Issue: 34, 15 - 28, 28.11.2021
https://doi.org/10.20875/makusobed.951573

Abstract

Orta Doğu’da 1948 yılında İsrail’in kurulmasıyla başlayan Arap-İsrail gerginliği ve bölgesel anlaşmazlıklar, küresel aktörlerin ve ilgili kurumların sürekli takibinde olmuştur. İsrail ile bölgedeki diğer Arap devletleri arasında yaşanan 1967 ve 1973 savaşlarının sonuçları günümüzde dahi etkisini devam ettirmektedir. Enerji arzı gibi konularda küresel etkileri olan Orta Doğu’daki Arap-İsrail gerginliği ve çatışmalar, 1979 yılında Mısır ve 1994 yılında Ürdün ile İsrail arasında mutabakata varılan barış antlaşmaları ve diplomasi vasıtasıyla çözülmeye çalışılmıştır. Son olarak İsrail ile barış antlaşması yapan diğer bir Orta Doğu ülkesi Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri (BAE) olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, İbrahim Antlaşması ile Orta Doğu bölgesinde tesis edilmeye çalışılan barışın bölge güvenliğine etkileri; haber, belge, makale, kitap taranarak incelenen literatürden erişilen bilgiler derlenerek ve yorumsamacılık yöntemleri kullanılarak tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda İbrahim Antlaşmasının sadece bölgedeki barışı tesis etmeye değil, BAE’nin ABD’den F-35 alımına yardımcı olduğu ve İsrail’in BAE’ye uçakların yedek parça satışı açısından ekonomik avantaja sahip olacağı bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.

References

  • Airforce Technologhy. (29 Ocak 2021). Biden Administration to review F-35 JSF aircraft sale to UAE. Airforce Technology, https://www.airforce-technology.com/news/biden-administration-review-f-35-jsf-sale-uae/
  • Al Jazeera. (19 Eylül 2020). The Abraham Records: The PR of the peace deals, Al Jazeera, https://www.aljazeera.com/program/the-listening-post/2020/9/19/the-abraham-accords-the-pr-of-the-peace-deals
  • Alagöz, E. (2009). Avrupa Komşuluk Politikası, BİLGESAM. http://www.bilgesam.org/incele/800/-avrupa-komsulukpolitikasi/#.Wu8JWu-FPIU
  • Aljazeera. (16 Ocak 2021). Major Security Partners: US Hails Bahrain, UAE after Israel Deal, Al Jazeera, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/1/16/major-security-partners-us-hails-bahrain-uae-after-israel-deal
  • BBC. (12 Mayıs 2021). İsrail-Filistin Gerilimi: Gazze’de 14 çocuğun hayatını kaybettiği açıklandı, BBC News Türkçe, https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-57036316
  • Belfer Center. (Ağustos 2016). Israel Defense Forces Strategy Document. https://www.belfercenter.org/sites/default/files/legacy/files/IDFDoctrineTranslation.pdf İbranice Doküman İçin: https://www.idf.il/SIP_STORAGE/FILES/9/16919.pdf
  • BP Report. (2020). Statistical Review of World Energy. https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/business-sites/en/global/corporate/pdfs/energy-economics/statistical-review/bp-stats-review-2020-full-report.pdf,
  • Buzan. B. (1991). People, States and Fear: An Agenda for International Security Studies in the Post-Cold War Era (2nd Edition). Prentice Hall.
  • Buzan B. ve Waever, O. (2003). Regions and Powers The Structure of International Security. Cambridge University Press.
  • Büyükkaya, A. (1988). Türkiye’nin Ortadoğu Politikası, Yeni Bir Yüzyıla Girerken Türk-İslam Sentezi Görüşünde Meselelerimiz. Aydınlar Ocağı Yayınları.
  • Calcalist. (21 Ocak 2021). Lockheed Martin İçin Uçak Kanadı Üretecek, Calcalist, https://www.calcalist.co.il/home/0,7340,L-3704-10202,00.html
  • Dikmen, Ö. (1 Eylül 2020). İsrail ve BAE arasındaki normalleşme: Neden şimdi? Perspektif. https://www.perspektif.online/israil-ve-bae-arasindaki-normallesme-neden-simdi/
  • Gulf News. (18 Aralık 2020). Abraham Accords open up peace prospects in Middle East,says Dr. Anwar Gargash, Gulf News, https://gulfnews.com/world/gulf/abraham-accords-open-up-peace-prospects-in-middle-east-says-dr-anwar-gargash-1.75986909
  • Hürriyet. (17 Eylül 2020). İsrail ile Anlaşmaya Sert Tepki; Ortadoğu yine gerildi, Hürriyet, https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/dunya/israil-ile-anlasmaya-sert-tepki-ortadogu-yine-gerildi-41613536
  • Jones, C. ve Guzansky, Y. (2020). Fraternal Enemies Israel and The Gulf Monarchies, Hurst, https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/fraternal-enemies/
  • Jerusalem Post. (14 Nisan 2021). Biden decides to advance sale of F-35 fighter jetsto UAE, Jerusalem Post, https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/biden-administration-proceeding-with-23-billion-weapon-sales-to-uae-665093
  • Kaynak, M. (2005). Büyük Ortadoğu Projesi ve Türkiye Üzerine Stratejik Analizler. Truva Yayınları.
  • Knell, Y. (2 Kasım 2017). Balfour Declaration: The divisive legacy of 67 words, BBC News., https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-41765892
  • Kulu, M. (2018). İsrail ulusal güvenlik stratejisinin temel ilkeleri. V.Kurt (Eds.) içinde, Orta Doğu’da Ulusal Güvenlik Stratejileri (1. baskı, ss. 63-101). Seta Yayınları.
  • Lewis, B. (2018). Orta Doğu: İki bin yıllık Orta Doğu tarihi (14. baskı). Arkadaş Kitap.
  • Mansour, F.(1991). The Arap World: Nation Stade and Demokracy. Zed Books.
  • Mazzetti, M., Wong,E., LaForgia M. (29 Eylül 2020). Netenyahu Privately Condoned U.S. Plan to Sell Arms to UAE, Officials Say, The New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/03/us/politics/israel-uae-weapons.html
  • Memiş, E. (1995). Ortadoğu Sorunları ve Türkiye. Mimoza Yayınları.
  • Mosalanejhad,A. (2018). The Middle East Security and Donald Trump’s Grand Strategy, 13/48, 20-52. Geopolitics Quarterly. http://journal.iag.ir/article_60035_8054239e1007b462fbf31aa0bd33e329.pdf?lang=en
  • Office Of The Historian. (21 Ocak 2021). Creation of Israel 1948 Milestones 1945-1952. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/creation-israel
  • Okuduci, İ. ve Esat, F. (13 Ağustos 2020). Dünden bugüne İsrail ile BAE’nin normalleşme süreci, Anadolu Ajansı, https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/dunden-bugune-israil-ile-baenin-normallesme-sureci/1941041
  • Okuduci, İ. (22 Ocak 2021). BAE’nin ABD ile yaptığı F-35 savaş uçağı anlaşmasının bedeli 23 Milyar Dolar, Anadolu Ajansı, https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/ekonomi/baenin-abd-ile-yaptigi-f-35-savas-ucagi-anlasmasinin-bedeli-23-milyar-dolar-/2119918
  • Özcan, M. (2004). Milletlerarası Ortadoğu: Kaos Mu, Düzen Mi?. A. Ahmetbeyoğlu, R. Ahıshalı, H. Demiroğlu, Y. Başkan (eds.) içinde. İki İşgal Arasında Şiiler (ss. 229-250). Tatav Yayınları.
  • Schwart, F. ve McBride, C. (18 Kasım 2019). Trump Administration Says: Israeli Settlements aren’t illegal, The Wall Street Journal, https://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-administration-to-say-israeli-settlements-arent-illegal-11574104691
  • Semerci,A. (13 Ocak 2021). Saudi Arabia slams Israel over illegal housing construction, Anadolu Ajansı, https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/saudi-arabia-slams-israel-over-illegal-housing-construction/2107949
  • Semiz, M. (13 Temmuz 2020). Hamas sözcüsü Kasım: BAE Büyükelçisinin Siyonist gazetede yayımlanan mesajını esefle kınıyorum, Anadolu Ajansı, https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/hamas-sozcusu-kasim-bae-buyukelcisinin-siyonist-gazetede-yayinlanan-makalesini-esefle-kiniyorum/1875197
  • Slemrod, A. (11 Mayıs 2021). The risk of another Israel-Palestine war? Can calls for calm stop a spiralling situation?, The New Humanitarian, https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/news/2021/5/11/the-risk-of-another-israel-palestine-war
  • The State Of Israel And The Hashemite Kingdom Of Jordan. (26 Ekim 1994). Treaty of Peace Between the State of Israel and The Hashemıte Kingdom of Jordan Volume 2042. https://www.peaceagreements.org/viewmasterdocument/594
  • The State of Israel and The Kingdom Of Bahrein. (15 Eylül 2020). Abraham Accords: Declaration Of Peace, Cooperation, And Constructive Diplomatic And Friendly Relations. https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Bahrain_Israel-Agreement-signed-FINAL-15-Sept-2020-508.pdf
  • The State Of Israel and The Kingdom Of Morocco, (10 Aralık 2020). Joint Declaration. https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Joint-Declaration-US-Morrocco-Israel.pdf
  • The State Of Israel and The United Arab Emirates. (13 Ağustos 2020). Abraham Accords Peace Agreement: Treaty of Peace,Dıplomatıc Relations and Full Normalization Between The United Arab Emirates and The States of Israel. https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/UAE_Israel-treaty-signed-FINAL-15-Sept-2020-508.pdf
  • The State Of Israel and The United Arab Emirates. (15 Eylül 2020). Abraham Accords Peace Agreement: Treaty Of Peace, Diplomatic Relations And Full Normalization Between The United Arab Emirates And The State Of Israel. https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/UAE_Israel-treaty-signed-FINAL-15-Sept-2020-508.pdf
  • The States Of Israel. (15 Eylül 2020). The Abraham Records Declaration. https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Abraham-Accords-signed-FINAL-15-Sept-2020-508-1.pdf
  • The States Of Israel and Sudan Declaration. (2020). The Abraham Accords Declaration. https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Sudan-AA.pdf
  • Times Of Israel Staff. (20 Ağustos 2020). Gantz raps Netenyahu for Sideling him on F-35 policy as UAE deal brewed, The Times Of Israel, https://www.timesofisrael.com/gantz-raps-netanyahu-for-sidelining-him-on-f-35-policy-as-uae-deal-brewed/
  • Times Of Israel . (24 Ağustos 2020). Pompeo: We’ll honor Israel’s military edge, but are reviewing arms sales to UAE, The Times of Israel, https://www.timesofisrael.com/pompeo-well-honor-israels-military edge-but-arereviewing- arms-sales-to-uae/.
  • Turan, Ö. (2002). Tarihin Başladığı Nokta: Ortadoğu. Akka Yayıncılık.
  • Uçarol, R. (2015). Siyasi Tarih:1789-2014. Der Yayınları.
  • Zaken, D. (27 Eylül 2020). BAE’nin F-35 Anlaşması İsrail’in Savunma Sanayine Yarayabilir, BirGün, https://www.birgun.net/haber/bae-nin-f-35-anlasmasi-israil-savunma-sanayine-yarayabilir-317060

NEW EXPANSIONS IN MIDDLE EAST SECURITY AND THE ABRAHAM ACCORD

Year 2021, Issue: 34, 15 - 28, 28.11.2021
https://doi.org/10.20875/makusobed.951573

Abstract

Arab-Israeli tensions and territorial disputes in the Middle East, which began with the establishment of Israel in 1948, have been constantly monitored by global actors and related institutions. The results of the 1967 and 1973 wars between Israel and other Arab states in the region continue to have an impact even today. Arab-Israeli tensions and conflicts in the Middle East, which have global implications on issues such as energy supply, were tried to be resolved through peace treaties and diplomacy agreed between Egypt in 1979 and Jordan and Israel in 1994. Finally, another Middle Eastern country that made a peace treaty with Israel was the United Arab Emirates (UAE). In this study, the effects of peace on regional security, which were tried to be established in the Middle East region by the Abraham Accord, were tried to be determined by compiling information accessed from the literature examined by scanning news, documents, articles, books and using interpretation methods. As a result of the study, it has been found that the Abraham Accord not only helped establish peace in the region, but also helped the UAE buy F-35s from the United States, and Israel will have an economic advantage in terms of selling spare parts for aircraft to the UAE.

References

  • Airforce Technologhy. (29 Ocak 2021). Biden Administration to review F-35 JSF aircraft sale to UAE. Airforce Technology, https://www.airforce-technology.com/news/biden-administration-review-f-35-jsf-sale-uae/
  • Al Jazeera. (19 Eylül 2020). The Abraham Records: The PR of the peace deals, Al Jazeera, https://www.aljazeera.com/program/the-listening-post/2020/9/19/the-abraham-accords-the-pr-of-the-peace-deals
  • Alagöz, E. (2009). Avrupa Komşuluk Politikası, BİLGESAM. http://www.bilgesam.org/incele/800/-avrupa-komsulukpolitikasi/#.Wu8JWu-FPIU
  • Aljazeera. (16 Ocak 2021). Major Security Partners: US Hails Bahrain, UAE after Israel Deal, Al Jazeera, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/1/16/major-security-partners-us-hails-bahrain-uae-after-israel-deal
  • BBC. (12 Mayıs 2021). İsrail-Filistin Gerilimi: Gazze’de 14 çocuğun hayatını kaybettiği açıklandı, BBC News Türkçe, https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-57036316
  • Belfer Center. (Ağustos 2016). Israel Defense Forces Strategy Document. https://www.belfercenter.org/sites/default/files/legacy/files/IDFDoctrineTranslation.pdf İbranice Doküman İçin: https://www.idf.il/SIP_STORAGE/FILES/9/16919.pdf
  • BP Report. (2020). Statistical Review of World Energy. https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/business-sites/en/global/corporate/pdfs/energy-economics/statistical-review/bp-stats-review-2020-full-report.pdf,
  • Buzan. B. (1991). People, States and Fear: An Agenda for International Security Studies in the Post-Cold War Era (2nd Edition). Prentice Hall.
  • Buzan B. ve Waever, O. (2003). Regions and Powers The Structure of International Security. Cambridge University Press.
  • Büyükkaya, A. (1988). Türkiye’nin Ortadoğu Politikası, Yeni Bir Yüzyıla Girerken Türk-İslam Sentezi Görüşünde Meselelerimiz. Aydınlar Ocağı Yayınları.
  • Calcalist. (21 Ocak 2021). Lockheed Martin İçin Uçak Kanadı Üretecek, Calcalist, https://www.calcalist.co.il/home/0,7340,L-3704-10202,00.html
  • Dikmen, Ö. (1 Eylül 2020). İsrail ve BAE arasındaki normalleşme: Neden şimdi? Perspektif. https://www.perspektif.online/israil-ve-bae-arasindaki-normallesme-neden-simdi/
  • Gulf News. (18 Aralık 2020). Abraham Accords open up peace prospects in Middle East,says Dr. Anwar Gargash, Gulf News, https://gulfnews.com/world/gulf/abraham-accords-open-up-peace-prospects-in-middle-east-says-dr-anwar-gargash-1.75986909
  • Hürriyet. (17 Eylül 2020). İsrail ile Anlaşmaya Sert Tepki; Ortadoğu yine gerildi, Hürriyet, https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/dunya/israil-ile-anlasmaya-sert-tepki-ortadogu-yine-gerildi-41613536
  • Jones, C. ve Guzansky, Y. (2020). Fraternal Enemies Israel and The Gulf Monarchies, Hurst, https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/fraternal-enemies/
  • Jerusalem Post. (14 Nisan 2021). Biden decides to advance sale of F-35 fighter jetsto UAE, Jerusalem Post, https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/biden-administration-proceeding-with-23-billion-weapon-sales-to-uae-665093
  • Kaynak, M. (2005). Büyük Ortadoğu Projesi ve Türkiye Üzerine Stratejik Analizler. Truva Yayınları.
  • Knell, Y. (2 Kasım 2017). Balfour Declaration: The divisive legacy of 67 words, BBC News., https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-41765892
  • Kulu, M. (2018). İsrail ulusal güvenlik stratejisinin temel ilkeleri. V.Kurt (Eds.) içinde, Orta Doğu’da Ulusal Güvenlik Stratejileri (1. baskı, ss. 63-101). Seta Yayınları.
  • Lewis, B. (2018). Orta Doğu: İki bin yıllık Orta Doğu tarihi (14. baskı). Arkadaş Kitap.
  • Mansour, F.(1991). The Arap World: Nation Stade and Demokracy. Zed Books.
  • Mazzetti, M., Wong,E., LaForgia M. (29 Eylül 2020). Netenyahu Privately Condoned U.S. Plan to Sell Arms to UAE, Officials Say, The New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/03/us/politics/israel-uae-weapons.html
  • Memiş, E. (1995). Ortadoğu Sorunları ve Türkiye. Mimoza Yayınları.
  • Mosalanejhad,A. (2018). The Middle East Security and Donald Trump’s Grand Strategy, 13/48, 20-52. Geopolitics Quarterly. http://journal.iag.ir/article_60035_8054239e1007b462fbf31aa0bd33e329.pdf?lang=en
  • Office Of The Historian. (21 Ocak 2021). Creation of Israel 1948 Milestones 1945-1952. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/creation-israel
  • Okuduci, İ. ve Esat, F. (13 Ağustos 2020). Dünden bugüne İsrail ile BAE’nin normalleşme süreci, Anadolu Ajansı, https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/dunden-bugune-israil-ile-baenin-normallesme-sureci/1941041
  • Okuduci, İ. (22 Ocak 2021). BAE’nin ABD ile yaptığı F-35 savaş uçağı anlaşmasının bedeli 23 Milyar Dolar, Anadolu Ajansı, https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/ekonomi/baenin-abd-ile-yaptigi-f-35-savas-ucagi-anlasmasinin-bedeli-23-milyar-dolar-/2119918
  • Özcan, M. (2004). Milletlerarası Ortadoğu: Kaos Mu, Düzen Mi?. A. Ahmetbeyoğlu, R. Ahıshalı, H. Demiroğlu, Y. Başkan (eds.) içinde. İki İşgal Arasında Şiiler (ss. 229-250). Tatav Yayınları.
  • Schwart, F. ve McBride, C. (18 Kasım 2019). Trump Administration Says: Israeli Settlements aren’t illegal, The Wall Street Journal, https://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-administration-to-say-israeli-settlements-arent-illegal-11574104691
  • Semerci,A. (13 Ocak 2021). Saudi Arabia slams Israel over illegal housing construction, Anadolu Ajansı, https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/saudi-arabia-slams-israel-over-illegal-housing-construction/2107949
  • Semiz, M. (13 Temmuz 2020). Hamas sözcüsü Kasım: BAE Büyükelçisinin Siyonist gazetede yayımlanan mesajını esefle kınıyorum, Anadolu Ajansı, https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/hamas-sozcusu-kasim-bae-buyukelcisinin-siyonist-gazetede-yayinlanan-makalesini-esefle-kiniyorum/1875197
  • Slemrod, A. (11 Mayıs 2021). The risk of another Israel-Palestine war? Can calls for calm stop a spiralling situation?, The New Humanitarian, https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/news/2021/5/11/the-risk-of-another-israel-palestine-war
  • The State Of Israel And The Hashemite Kingdom Of Jordan. (26 Ekim 1994). Treaty of Peace Between the State of Israel and The Hashemıte Kingdom of Jordan Volume 2042. https://www.peaceagreements.org/viewmasterdocument/594
  • The State of Israel and The Kingdom Of Bahrein. (15 Eylül 2020). Abraham Accords: Declaration Of Peace, Cooperation, And Constructive Diplomatic And Friendly Relations. https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Bahrain_Israel-Agreement-signed-FINAL-15-Sept-2020-508.pdf
  • The State Of Israel and The Kingdom Of Morocco, (10 Aralık 2020). Joint Declaration. https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Joint-Declaration-US-Morrocco-Israel.pdf
  • The State Of Israel and The United Arab Emirates. (13 Ağustos 2020). Abraham Accords Peace Agreement: Treaty of Peace,Dıplomatıc Relations and Full Normalization Between The United Arab Emirates and The States of Israel. https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/UAE_Israel-treaty-signed-FINAL-15-Sept-2020-508.pdf
  • The State Of Israel and The United Arab Emirates. (15 Eylül 2020). Abraham Accords Peace Agreement: Treaty Of Peace, Diplomatic Relations And Full Normalization Between The United Arab Emirates And The State Of Israel. https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/UAE_Israel-treaty-signed-FINAL-15-Sept-2020-508.pdf
  • The States Of Israel. (15 Eylül 2020). The Abraham Records Declaration. https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Abraham-Accords-signed-FINAL-15-Sept-2020-508-1.pdf
  • The States Of Israel and Sudan Declaration. (2020). The Abraham Accords Declaration. https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Sudan-AA.pdf
  • Times Of Israel Staff. (20 Ağustos 2020). Gantz raps Netenyahu for Sideling him on F-35 policy as UAE deal brewed, The Times Of Israel, https://www.timesofisrael.com/gantz-raps-netanyahu-for-sidelining-him-on-f-35-policy-as-uae-deal-brewed/
  • Times Of Israel . (24 Ağustos 2020). Pompeo: We’ll honor Israel’s military edge, but are reviewing arms sales to UAE, The Times of Israel, https://www.timesofisrael.com/pompeo-well-honor-israels-military edge-but-arereviewing- arms-sales-to-uae/.
  • Turan, Ö. (2002). Tarihin Başladığı Nokta: Ortadoğu. Akka Yayıncılık.
  • Uçarol, R. (2015). Siyasi Tarih:1789-2014. Der Yayınları.
  • Zaken, D. (27 Eylül 2020). BAE’nin F-35 Anlaşması İsrail’in Savunma Sanayine Yarayabilir, BirGün, https://www.birgun.net/haber/bae-nin-f-35-anlasmasi-israil-savunma-sanayine-yarayabilir-317060
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects International Relations
Journal Section Review Articles
Authors

Güngör Şahin 0000-0001-6296-8568

Serhat Güzel 0000-0001-6569-9041

Publication Date November 28, 2021
Submission Date June 12, 2021
Acceptance Date August 20, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Issue: 34

Cite

APA Şahin, G., & Güzel, S. (2021). ORTA DOĞU GÜVENLİĞİNDE YENİ AÇILIMLAR VE İBRAHİM ANTLAŞMASI. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Social Sciences Institute(34), 15-28. https://doi.org/10.20875/makusobed.951573