Current Discussions in the Literature About the Strategic Importance of Organizational Agility in Businesses

Abstract

Agility is needed to embrace change and promote sustainability. This article primarily emphasizes the importance of organizational agility. In our study, the data and results obtained by literature review on organizational agility in organizations and businesses are discussed. This article aims to provide a framework that can help and guide managers leading an organization-wide agile practice to effectively direct and manage such an implementation. Researchers have used different perspectives to understand and improve organizational agility. The concept of agility is explored, defined, and a framework for capabilities that increase agility in organizations or businesses is presented. Specific aspects of this agility framework are examined to better understand how these interrelated competencies contribute to overall organizational development. It tries to define the concept of organizational agility of organizations or businesses and explore the discussions on this subject in international academic articles published in the last 10 years, selected by the deliberate sampling method in the literature. As a result of the literature review, it was concluded that organizational agility plays an important role in increasing organizational innovation ability as well as business performance and gaining the flexibility to quickly adapt to changes, and that there is a lack of a common approach among researchers. It has been determined that discussions have intensified on the importance of businesses using organizational agility as one of the basic tools to gain and sustain competitive advantage in rapidly changing internal and external environmental conditions.

Keywords

• Agility
• Organizational Agility
• Strategic Agility

İşletmelerde Örgütsel Çevikliğin Stratejik Önemine Dair Literatürdeki Güncel Tartışmalar

Öz

Değişimi benimsemek ve sürdürülebilirliği teşvik etmek için çevikliğe ihtiyaç vardır. Bu makale öncelikle örgütsel çevikliğin önemini vurgulamaktadır. Çalışmamızda literatürdeki örgütsel çeviklik üzerine örgütlerde ve işletmelerde çeviklik üzerine literatür taraması yöntemiyle elde edilen veriler ve sonuçlar tartışılmaktadır. Bu makale örgüt çapında çevik bir uygulamaya liderlik eden yöneticilere bu tür bir uygulamayı etkili bir şekilde yönlendirmeleri ve yönetmeleri için yardımcı olabilecek ve rehberlik edecek bir çerçeve sunma amacını taşımaktadır. Araştırmacılar örgütsel çevikliği anlamak ve geliştirmek için farklı perspektiflerden yararlanmışlardır. Çeviklik kavramı araştırılıyor, tanımlanıyor ve örgütlerde veya işletmelerde çevikliği artıran yeteneklere yönelik bir çerçeve sunuluyor. Bu birbiriyle ilişkili yetkinliklerin genel kurumsal gelişime nasıl katkıda bulunduğunu daha iyi anlamak için bu çeviklik çerçevesinin belirli yönleri incelenmektedir. Literatürdeki kasti örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen son 10 yılda yayınlanmış olan uluslararası akademik makalelerdeki örgütlerin veya işletmelerin örgütsel çeviklik kavramını tanımlamaya ve bu konudaki tartışmaları keşfetmeye çalışmaktadır. Literatür taraması sonucunda örgütsel çevikliğin örgütsel yenilikçilik yeteneğin yanı sıra işletme performansının arttırılmasında ve değişikliklere hızlı uyumun sağlama esnekliğinin kazanılmasında önemli bir rol oynadığı ve araştırmacılar arasında ortak bir yaklaşım eksikliği olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. İşletmelerin hızla değişen iç ve dış çevre koşullarında genel olarak rekabet avantajı elde etmek ve sürdürülebilmek için örgütsel çevikliği temel araçlardan biri olarak kullanmalarının önemi üzerine tartışmaların yoğunlaştığı tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çeviklik
• Örgütsel Çeviklik
• Stratejik Çeviklik

References

1. ABURUB, Faisal (2015), “Impact of ERP Systems Usage on Organizational Agility: An Empirical Investigation in the Banking Sector”, Information Technology and People, S.28(3), ss.570-588.
2. AGARWAL, Vernika, HAMEED, Abdul Zubar, MALHOTRA, Snigdha, MATHIYAZHAGAN, Kaliyan, ALATHUR, Sreejith ve
3. APPOLLONI, Andrea (2022), “Role of Industry 4.0 in Agile Manufacturing to Achieve Sustainable Development”, Business Strategy and the Environment, S.32(6), ss.3671–3688.
4. AHAMMAD, Mohammad Faisal, MUNJAL, Surender, CLEGG, Jeremy ve SHOHAM, Ofra Bazel (2021), “Strategic Agility, Environmental Uncertainties and International Performance: The Perspective of Indian Firms”, Journal of World Business, S.56(4), ss.(101218).
5. AHLBACK, Karin, FAHRBACH, Clemens, MURARKA, Monica, SALO, Olli (2017), “How to Create an Agile Organization”, McKinsey & Company, 2 October 2017, https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/people-and-organizational-performance/our-insights/ how-to-create-an-agile-organization (Erişim Tarihi: 03.08.2023).
6. ALAMSJAH, Firdaus ve ASROL, Muhammad (2023), “The Impacts of Middle Managers’ Ambidexterity, Continuous Improvement, and Organizational Agility on Business Performance: A Knowledge-Based View”, Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, S.16(1), ss.27-53.
7. ALHADID, Anas Y. (2016), “The Effect of Organizational Agility on Organizational Performance”, International Review of Management Business Research, S.5(1), ss.273.
8. ALZOUBI, Abed Elkareem, AL-OTOUM, Firas Jamil ve ALBATAINH, Abdel Karim (2011), “Factors Associated Affecting Organization Agility on Product Development”, International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences, S.9(3), ss.503-515.

9. AMBROSINI, Veronique ve BOWMAN, Cliff (2009), “What are Dynamic Capabilities and are They a Useful Construct in Strategic Management”, International Journal of Management Reviews, S.11(1), ss.29–49.
10. AMERICAN MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (2006), Agility and Resilience in the Face of Continuous Change: A Global Study of Current Trends and Future Possibilities, American Management Association Publisher, New York (US).
11. AMOS, Jeffrey (1998), Transformation to Agility: Manufacturing in the Marketplace of Unanticipated Change, Garland Publisher, New York (US).
12. ANAND, Abhijith, SHARMA, Rajeev ve COLTMAN, Tim (2016), “Realizing Value from Business Analytics Platforms: The Effects of Managerial Search and Agility of Resource Allocation Processes”, 37th International Conference on Information Systems, 11-14 Aralık 2016 – Dublin (Ireland), ss.1–12.
13. ANANTHRAM, Subramaniam ve NANKERVIS, Alan (2013), “Strategic Agility and the Role of HR as a Strategic Business Partner: An Indian Perspective”, Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, S.51(4), ss.454-470.
14. ANDRADE, Cristiana, GONCALO, Claudio R. ve SANTOS, Andre M. (2022), “Digital Transformation with Agility: The Emerging Dynamic Capability of Complementary Services”, Revista de Administração Mackenzie (E-Document), S.23(6), https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-6971/eramd220063.en (Erişim Tarihi: 03.08.2023).
15. APPELBAUM, Steven H., CALLA, Rafael, DESAUTELS, Dany ve HASAN, Lisa (2017), “The Challenges of Organizational Agility (Part 1)”, Industrial and Commercial Training, S.49(1), ss.6-14.
16. ARSAWAN, Wayan Edi, HARIYNATI, Ni Kadek Dessy, ATMAJA, Made Ari Dwi Suta, SUHARTANTO, Dwi ve KOVAL, Viktor (2022), “Developing Organizational Agility in SMEs: An Investigation of Innovation’s Roles and Strategic Flexibility”, Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, S.8(149), ss.1-17.
17. AUDRETSCH, B. David ve BELITSKI, Maksim (2023), “The Limits to Open Innovation and its Impact on Innovation Performance”, Technovation, S.119, ss.1-13(102519).
18. AZIZ, Abd K. ve ZAILANI, Suhaiza (2011), “A Conceptual Paper on Determinants and Outcomes of Supply Chain Agility”, International Conference on Computer Communication and Management, S.5, ss.456-460.
19. BASKARADA, Sasa ve KORONIOS, Andy (2018), “The 5S Organizational Agility Framework: A Dynamic Capabilities Perspective”, International Journal of Organizational Analysis, S.26(2), ss.331–342.
20. BAZIGOS, Michael, De SMET, Aaron ve GAGNON, Chris (2015), “Why Agility Pays”, McKinsey Quarterly, S.4, ss.28-35.
21. BENKHIDER, Naima ve KHERBACHI, Sonia (2020), “I am Modelling Agile Organization Under Scrum Approach and Coordination”, Proceedings of the 22nd International DSM Conference (DSM, 2020), 13th-15th October 2020 – Massachusetts, Cambridge Press, Cambridge.
22. BERETTA, Michela ve SMITH, Pernille (2023), “Embarking on a Business Agility Journey: Balancing Autonomy Versus Control”, California Management Review, S.65(4), ss.93–115.
23. BESSANT, John, KNOWLES, David, FRANCIS, David Louis ve BRIFFA, Greg (2001), “Developing the Agile Enterprise”, Agile Manufacturing: The 21st Century Competitive Strategy (Ed. Angappa Gunasekaran), Elsevier Science Publisher, Oxford, ss.113-130.
24. BOOJIHAWON, Dev Kumar, AUGUSTO, Richeri, YIPENG, Liu ve DANIEL, Chicksand (2021), “Agile Route-to-Market Distribution Strategies in Emerging Markets: The Case of Paraguay”, Journal of International Management, S.27(1), ss.1-41.
25. BOSE, Lipika ve THAKUR, Sanjeev (2013), “Introducing Agile into a Non Agile Project: Analysis of Agile Methodology with its Issues and Challenges”, International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science, S.4(1), ss.305-311.
26. BOUGUERRA, Abderaouf, HUGHES, Mathew, RODGERS, Peter, STOKES, Peter ve TATOGLU, Ekrem (2023), “Confronting the Grand Challenge of Environmental Sustainability within Supply Chains: How Can Organizational Strategic Agility Drive Environmental İnnovation?”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, S.41, ss.323-346.
27. BRUELLER, Nir, DRORI, Israel ve CARMELI, Abraham (2014), “How do Different Types of Mergers and Acquisitions Facilitate Strategic Agility”, California Management Review, S.56(3), ss.39–57.
28. BURNSON, Patrick (2015), “Procurement Organizations Focus on Supporting Enterprise Agility by Becoming More of a Trusted Advisor: But Capability Gaps in Key Areas May Cause Challenges”, Supply Chain Management Review (E-Makale), 23 March 2014, http://www.scmr.com/article/procurement_organizations_focus_on_becoming_more_of_a_trusted_advisor (Erişim Tarihi: 03.08.2023).
29. CARDOZA, Chiristina (2015), “Don’t do Agile, Be Agile”, SD Times (E_Makale), https://sdtimes.com/agile/dont-do-agile-be-agile/ (Erişim Tarihi: 03.08.2023).
30. CEGARRA-NAVARRO, Juan Gabriel, SOTO-ACOSTA, Pedro ve WENSLEY, Anthony K. P. (2016), “Structured Knowledge Processes and Firm Performance: The Role of Organizational Agility”, Journal of Business Research, S.69, ss.1544–1549.
31. CHAN, Calvin M. L., TEOH, Say Yen, YEOW, Adrian ve PAN, Gary (2019), “Agility in Responding to Disruptive Digital Innovation: Case Study of an SME”, Information Systems Journal, S.29, ss.436–455.
32. CHENG, Cong, ZHONG, Huihui ve CAO, Liebing (2020), “Facilitating Speed of Internationalization: The Roles of Business Intelligence and Organizational Agility”, Journal of Business Research, S.110, ss.95-103.
33. CHRISTOFI, Michael, PEREIRA, Vijay, VRONTIS, Demetris, TARBA, Shlomo ve THRASSOU, Alkis (2021), “Agility and Flexibility in International Business Research: A Comprehensive Review and Future Research Directions”, Journal of World Business, S.56(3), ss.(101194).
34. CHUNG, Ting-Ting, LIANG, Ting-Peng, PENG, Chih-Hung, CHEN, Deng-Neng ve SHARMA, Pratyush (2019), “Knowledge Creation and Organizational Performance: Moderating and Mediating Processes from an Organizational Agility Perspective”, AIS Transactions on Human-Computer Interaction, S.11, ss.79-106.
35. CLAUSS, Thomas, ABEBE, Michael, TANGPONG, Chanchai ve HOCK, Marianne (2021), “Strategic Agility, Business Model Innovation, and Firm Performance: An Empirical Investigation”, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, S.68(3), ss.767-784.
36. CROCITTO, Madeline ve YOUSSEF, Mohamed (2003), “The Human Side of Organizational Agility”, Industrial Management & Data Systems, S.103(6), ss.388-397.
37. D’AVENI, Richard A., DAGNINO, Giovanni B. ve SMITH, Ken G. (2010), “The Age of Temporary Advantage”, Strategic Management Journal, S.31(13), ss.1371-1385.
38. DEAKIN, Jonathan, LABERGE, Laura ve O’BEIRNE, Barbara (2019), Five Moves to Make During a Digital Transformation, McKinsey & Company Publisher, 24 April 2019, https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/mckinsey-digital/ our-insights/five-moves-to-make-during-a-digital-transformation (Erişim Tarihi: 03.08.2023).
39. DENNING, Stephen (2018), “The Role of the C-Suite in Agile Transformation: The Case of Amazon”, Strategy & Leadership, S.46(6), ss.14-21.
40. DOZ, Yves L. (2020), “Fostering Strategic Agility: How Individual Executives and Human Resource Practices Contribute”, Human Resource Management Review, S.30, ss.(100693).
41. DOZ, Yves L. ve KOSONEN, Mikko (2007), Fast Strategy: How Strategic Agility Will Help You Stay Ahead of the Game, FT Press, Upper Saddle River – New Jersey (US).
42. DOZ, Yves L. ve KOSONEN, Mikko (2008), “The Dynamics of Strategic Agility: Nokia’s Rollercaster Experience”, California Management Review, S.50(3), ss.95–118.
43. DOZ, Yves L. ve KOSONEN, Mikko (2010), “Embedding Strategic Agility: A Leadership Agenda for Accelerating Business Model Renewal”, Long Range Planning, S.43(2–3), ss.370–82.
44. DOVE, Rick (2001), Response Ability: The Language, Structure, and Culture of the Agile Enterprise, John Wiley Press, New York (US).
45. DUPONT, Laurent (2019), “Agile Innovation: Creating Value in Uncertain Environments”, Journal of Innovation Economics & Management, S.1(28), ss.1-5.
46. EISENHARDT, Kathleen M. ve MARTIN, Jeffrey A. (2000), “Dynamic Capabilities: What Are They?”, Strategic Management Journal, S.21, ss.1105–1121.
47. FARNDALE, Elaine, THITE, Mohan, BUDHWAR, Pawan ve KWON, Bora (2021), “Deglobalization and Talent Sourcing: Cross-National Evidence from High-Tech Firms”, Human Resource Management, S.60, ss.259–272.
48. FELIPE, Carmen M., ROLDAN, Jose L. ve RODRIGUEZ, Al Leal (2017), “Impact of Organizational Culture Values on Organizational Agility”, Sustainability, S.9, ss.1-23.
49. FOSTER, Richard ve KAPLAN, Sarah (2001), Creative Destruction: Why Companies That are Built to Last Underperform the Market and How to Successfully Transform Them, Currency Publisher, New York (US).
50. FOURNE, Sebastian P. L., JANSEN, Justin J. P. ve MOM, Tom J. M. (2014), “Strategic Agility in MNEs: Managing Tensions to Capture Opportunities Across Emerging and Established Markets”, California Management Review, S.56, ss.13–38.
51. GILL, Asif Qumer, HENDERSON-SELLERS, Brian ve NIAZI, Mahmood (2018), “Scaling for Agility: A Reference Model for Hybrid Traditional-Agile Software Development Methodologies”, Information Systems Frontiers, S.20(2), ss.315-341.
52. GIROD, Stephane J. G., BIRKINSHAW, Julian ve PRANGE, Christiane (2023), “Business Agility: Key Themes and Future Directions”, California Management Review, S.65(4), ss.5–21.
53. GOGICHATY, Merab, IVANOV, Vladimir, KRUGLOV, Artem, PEDRYCZ, Witold, SAMATOVA, Aliya, SUCCI, Giancarlo ve VALEEV, Raphael (2023), “A Systemic Approach to Evaluating the Organizational Agility in Large-Scale Companies”, IEEE Access, S.11, ss.3307-3323.
54. GOLDMAN, Steven L., NAGEL, Roger N. ve PREISS, Kenneth (1995), Agile Competitors and Virtual Organizations Strategies for Enriching the Customer, Van Nostrand Reinhold Publisher, New York.
55. GOSLING, Jonathan, PURVIS, Laura ve NAIM, Mohamed M. (2010), “Supply Chain Flexibility as a Determinant of Supplier Selection”, International Journal of Production Economics, S.128(1), ss.11–21.
56. GUNASEKARAN, Angaappa, YUSUF, Yahaya Y., ADELEYE, Ezekiel Oluwadeere, PAPADOPOULOS, Thanos, KOVVURI, Dharma ve GEYI, Dan’Asabe G. (2019), “Agile Manufacturing: An Evolutionary Review of Practices”, International Journal of Production Research, S.57(15–16), ss.5154–5174.
57. GURKOV, Igor, GOLDBERG, Arcady ve SAIDOV, Zokirzhon (2017), “Strategic Agility and Persistence: HEM's Entry into the Russian Market of Expendable Materials for Clinical Laboratories”, Global Business and Organizational Excellence, S.36(5), ss.12–9.
58. HAKOVIRTA, Marko ve DENUWARA, Navodya (2020), “How COVID-19 Redefines the Concept of Sustainability”, Sustainability, S.12, ss.(3727).
59. HAMEL, Gary (2000), Leading the Revolution, Harvard Business School Press, Boston (US).
60. HAMEL, Gary (2003), The Quest for Resilience, Harvard Business Review, S.2003(September), ss.52–63.
61. HANDSCOMB, Christopher, MAHADEVAN, Deepak, NAIDOO, Euvin, SRINIVASAN, Suraj, SCHOR, Lars ve SIEBERER, Marcus (2020), “An Operating Model for the Next Normal: Lessons from Agile Organizations in the Crisis”, McKinsey Quarterly Magazine, S.25, ss.1-7.
62. HARRAF, Abe, WANASIKA, Isaac, TATE, Kaylynn ve TALBOTT, Kaitlyn (2015), “Organizational Agility”, The Journal of Applied Business Research, S.31(2), ss.675-686.
63. HARSCH, Katharina ve FESTING, Marion (2020), “Dynamic Talent Management Capabilities and Organizational Agility: A Qualitative Exploration”, Human Resource Management, S.59, ss.43–61.
64. HATCH, Nan (2016), “10 Critical Culture Change Elements in Agile Transformation”, Insight (E-Makale), (tarihsiz), https://www.insight.com/en_US/learn/content/blog/10-critical-culturechange-elements-in-agile-transformation.html (Erişim Tarihi: 03.08.2023).
65. HEILIGTAG, Sven, LUCZAK, Dominik ve WINDHAGEN, Eckart (2015), “Agility Lessons from Utilities”, McKinsey Quarterly, S.2015(December), ss.36-43.
66. HELFAT, Constance E. ve WINTER, Sidney G. (2011), “Untangling Dynamic and Operational Capabilities: Strategy for the (N)ever-Changing World”, Strategic Management Journal, S.32(11), ss.1243-1250.
67. HESS, Thomas, BENLIAN, Alexander, MATT, Christian ve WIESBÖCK, Florian (2016), “Options for Formulating a Digital Transformation Strategy”, MIS Quarterly Executive, S.15(2), ss.17–33.
68. HILL, Mark E., CROMARTIE, Jane ve MCGINNIS, John (2017), “Managing for Variability: A Neuroscientific Approach for Developing Strategic Agility in Organizations”, Creat Innovative Managing, S.26, ss.221–232.
69. HOLOTIUK, Friedrich, BEIMBORN, Daniel ve JENTSCH, Christian (2018), “The Determinants and Role of Agility in Digital Organizations”, Twenty-Sixth European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS2018), 23-28 Haziran 2018 – Portsmouth (UK), ECIS Press, Portsmouth (UK), ss.(182).
70. HOLSAPPLE, Clyde W. ve LI, Xun (2018), “Understanding Organizational Agility: A Work-Design Perspective”, 13th International Command and Control Research and Technology Symposia (ICCRTS), 17-19 June 2018 - Bellevue, ICCRTS Press, Bellevue, ss.1-24.
71. HUUMONEN, Juha (2011), “Conceptualizing Agility of Enterprises”, Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries, S.21(2), ss.132–146.
72. HYUN, Youyung, PARK, Jaehyun, KAMIOKA, Taro ve CHANG, Younghoon (2023), “Organizational Agility Enabled by Big Data Analytics: Information Systems Capabilities View”, Journal of Enterprise Information Management, S.36(4), ss.1032-1055.
73. IVORY, Sarah Birrell ve BROOKS, Simon Bentley (2018), “Managing Corporate Sustainability with a Paradoxical Lens: Lessons from Strategic Agility”, Journal of Business Ethics, S.148, ss.347-361.
74. IYAMU, Augustine ve SEYMOUR, Lisa F. (2023), “Challenges Faced in Transitioning from Traditional Business Analysis to Agile Business Analysis: An Actor-Network Perspective”, Proceedings of the 16th IADIS International Conference Information Systems, 11-13 March 2023 – Lisbon (Portugal), IADIS Press, Lisbon (Portugal), ss.73-82.
75. JOINER, Bill (2017), “Bringing ‘Leadership Agility’ to Agile”, Cutter Business Technology Journal, S.30(8), ss.3-8.
76. JOINER, Bill (2019), “Leadership Agility for Organizational Agility”, Journal of Creating Value, S.5(2), ss.139–149.
77. JOOSS, Stefan, COLLINGS, David G., McMACKIN, John ve DICKMANN, Michael (2023), “A Skills-Matching Perspective on Talent Management: Developing Strategic Agility”, Human Resource Management, S.63(1), ss.141-157.
78. JUNNI, Paulina, SARALA, Riikka M., TARBA, Slomo Y. ve WEBER, Yaakov (2015), “The Role of Strategic Agility in Acquisitions”, British Journal of Management, S.26(4), ss.596–616.
79. KARIMI, Jahangir ve WALTER, Zhiping (2021), “The Role of Entrepreneurial Agility in Digital Entrepreneurship and Creating Value in Response to Digital Disruption in the Newspaper Industry”, Sustainability, S.13(5), ss.(2741).
80. KHAN, Samar Hayat, MAJID, Abdul ve YASIR, Muhammad (2020), “Strategic Renewal of SMEs: The Impact of Social Capital, Strategic Agility and Absorptive Capacity”, Management Decision, S.59, ss.1877–1894.
81. KOÇYİĞİT, Yeşim ve AKKAYA, Bülent (2020), “The Role of Organizational Flexibility in Organizational Agility: A Research on SMEs”, Business Management Strategy, S.11(1), ss.110-123.
82. KUMKALE, İlknur (2016), “Organization's Tool for Creating Competitive Advantage: Strategic Agility”, Balkan and Near Eastern Journal of Social Sciences, S.2(3), ss.118–24.
83. LANGLEY, Mark (2017), Achieving Greater Agility: The People and Process Drivers That Accelerate Results, Project Management Institute Press, Newtown Square.
84. LEE, One Ki, SAMBAMURTHY, Vallabh, LIM, Kai H. ve WEI, Kwok K. (2015), “How Does IT Ambidexterity Impact Organizational Agility?”, Information Systems Research, S.26(2), ss.398-417.
85. LEIH, Sunyoung, LINDEN, Greg ve TEECH, David J. (2015), “Business Model İnnovation and Organizational Design: A Dynamic Capabilities Perspective”, Business Model Innovation: The Organizational Dimension (Ed. Nicolai Juul Foss, Tina Saebi), Oxford University Press, New York (US), ss.24-42.
86. LIKER, Jeffrey K. ve MORGAN, James M. (2006), “The Toyota Way in Services: The Case of Lean Product Development”, Academy of Management Perspectives, S.20, ss.5–20.
87. LIU, Hsian Ming ve YANG, Hsin Feng (2020), “Network Resource Meets Organizational Agility: Creating an Idiosyncratic Competitive Advantage for SMEs”, Management Decision, S.58(1), ss.58-75.
88. LU, Ying ve RAMAMURTHY, K. Ram (2011), “Understanding the Link between Information Technology Capability and Organizational Agility: An Empirical Examination”, MIS Quarterly, S.35(4), ss.931-954.
89. LUNGU, Miruna Florina (2020), “The Influence of Strategic Agility on Firm Performance”, Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence, S.14(1), ss.102–110.
90. MALTAVERNE, Bertrand (2016), “Beginners Guide to Agile Procurement”, Pool4Tool Kurumsal Web Sayfası (E-Blog), https://blog.pool4tool.com/procurementworld/beginners-guide-to-agile-procurement (Erişim Tarihi: 25.05.2023).
91. MARCWINSKI, Chet ve SHOOK, John (2007), Lean Lexicon, Institute Lean France Press, Saint Etienne, 3.1 Edition..
92. MATTHIAE, Marc ve RICHTER, Janek (2018), “Industry 4.0-Induced Change Factors and the Role of Organizational Agility”, Global Business and Organizational Excellence, S.36, ss.46-56.
93. McCANN, Joseph, SELSKY, John ve LEE, James (2009), Building Agility, Resilience and Performance in Turbulent Environments, Ymcdn (E-Makale), (tarihsiz), http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.hrps.org/ resource/resmgr (Erişim Tarihi: 03.08.2023).
94. MISCHE, Michalen A. (2000), Operational Excellence & Organizational Agility, University of Southern California Publisher, California (US).
95. MORAWIEC, Patryk ve SOLTYSIK-PIORUNKIEWICZ, Anna (2021), “Knowledge Management Significance in Agile Organization in Lights of COVID-19 Pandemic Changes”, European, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern Conference on Information Systems, 8-9 Aralık 2021 – Springer Publisher, Cham, C.437, ss.705-722.
96. MRUGALSKA, Beata ve AHMED, Junaid (2021), “Organizational Agility in Industry 4.0: A Systematic Literature Review”, Sustainability, S.13(15), ss.1-23.
97. MURAWSKI, Matthias, BUHLER, Julian, MARTENSEN, Malte, RADEMACHER, Christina ve BICK, Markus (2018), How Digital Business Strategy Affects Profitability: Opening the “Black Box” of Performance, Amcis Press, Utah (US).
98. NAFCHI, Mina Ziaei ve GANDOMANI, Taghi Javdani (2016), “Agile Assessment Methods and Approaches”, Advances in Systems Analysis, Software Engineering, and High Performance Computing, IGI Global Publisher, Hershey (US), ss.165–174.
99. NAFEI, Wageeh A. (2016), “Organizational Agility: The Key to Improve Organizational Performance”, International Business Research, S.9(3), ss.97-111.
100. NAJRANI, Majed (2016), “The Endless Opportunity of Organizational Agility”, Strategic Direction, S.32(3), ss.37-38.
101. NIJSSEN, Marc ve PAAUWE, Jaap (2012), “HRM in Turbulent Times: How to Achieve Organizational Activity”, The International Journal of Human Resource Management, S.23(16), ss.3315–3335.
102. NOLD, Herbert ve MICHEL, Lukas (2016), “The Performance Triangle: A Model for Corporate Agility”, Leadership and Organization Development Journal, S.37(3), ss.341-356.
103. OBYDENOV, Alexander (2021), “Parametric Strategic Management & Business Agility”, 10th International Conference on Industrial Technology and Management (ICITM), 26-28 Mart 2021 – Cambridge, IEEE Publisher, Cambridge (UK), ss.67-72.
104. OOSTHUIZEN, Marius ve SCHEEPERS, Caren (2018), “Strategic Foresight for Organizational Agility at Nedbank Area Collaboration”, Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies, S.8(1), ss.1-43.
105. OVERBY, Eric, BHARADWAJ, Anandhı ve SAMBAMURTHY, Vallabh (2006), “Enterprise Agility and the Enabling Role of Information Technology”, European Journal of Information Systems, S.15(June 2005), ss.120–131.
106. PAASIVAARA, Maria ve LASSENIUS, Casper (2019), “Empower Your Agile Organisation: Community-Based Decision Making in Large-Scale Agile Development at Ericsson”, IEEE Software, S.36(2), ss.64-69.
107. PARK, Young-Ki, SAWY, Omar A. ve FISS, Peer (2017), “The Role of Business Intelligence and Communication Technologies in Organizational Agility: A Configurational Approach”, Journal of the Association for Information Systems, S.18(9), ss.648-686.
108. PAVLOU, Paul A. ve EL SAWY, Omar A. (2011), “Understanding the Elusive Black Box of Dynamic Capabilities”, Decision Sciences, S.42(1), ss.239-273.
109. PEREIRA, Vijay, BUDHWAR, Pawan, TEMOURI, Yama, MALIK, Ashish ve TARBA, Shlomo (2021), “Investigating Investments in Agility Strategies in Overcoming the Global Financial Crisis-The Case of Indian IT/BPO Offshoring Firms”, Journal of International Management, S.27(1), ss.(100738).
110. PETERAF, Margaret, STEFANO, Giada Di ve VERONA, Gianmario (2013), “The Elephant in the Room of Dynamic Capabilities: Bringing Two Diverging Conversations Together”, Strategic Management Journal, S.34(12), ss.1389-1410.
111. PHAM, Duc T. ve THOMAS, Andrew J. (2011), “Fit Manufacturing: A Framework for Sustainability”, Journal Manufacture Technology Management, S.23(1), ss.103–123.
112. PMBOK GUİDE (2021), The Standart for Project Management and a Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge, Project Management Institute, Pennsylvania (US), 7th Edition.
113. RADEMAKERS, Martjin, SCHEEPSTRA, Sabine ve STOKES, Peter (2019), “Organizational Agility and Value Creation”, Journal of Creating Value, S.5(2), ss.106-110.
114. RAFI, Nosheen, AHMED, Alia, SHAFIQUE, Imran ve KALYAR, Masood Nawaz (2022), “Knowledge Management Capabilities and Organizational Agility as Liaisons of Business Performance”, South Asian Journal of Business Studies, S.11(4), ss.397-417.
115. RAMADAN, Muhieddine, ZAKHEM, Najib Bou, BAYDOUN, Hala, DAOUK, Amira, YOUSSEF, Samia, FAWAL, Abir El, ELIA, Jean ve ASHAAL, Ahmad (2023), “Toward Digital Transformation and Business Model Innovation: The Nexus between Leadership, Organizational Agility, and Knowledge Transfer”, Administrative Science, S.13(8), ss.1-21.
116. RAVICHANDRAN, Thiagarajan (2018), “Exploring the Relationships between IT Competence, Innovation Capacity and Organizational Agility”, The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, S.27(1), ss.22-42.
117. RAISCH, Sebastian ve BIRKINSHAW, Julian (2008), “Organizational Ambidexterity: Antecedents, Outcomes, and Moderators”, Journal of Management, S.34(3), ss.375-409.
118. RIALTI, Riccardo, MARZI, Giacomo, SILIC, Mario ve CIAPPEI, Cristiano (2018), “Ambidextrous Organization and Agility in Big Data Era: The Role of Business Process Management Systems”, Business Process Management Journal, S.24(5), ss.1091-1109.
119. ROBERTS, Nicholas ve GROVER, Varun (2012), “Leveraging Information Technology Infrastructure to Facilitate a Firm’s Customer Agility and Competitive Activity: An Empirical Investigation”, Journal of Management Information Systems, S.28(4), ss.231-270.
120. SAHA, Nibedita, GREGAR, Ales ve SAHA, Petr (2017), “Organizational Agility and KM Strategy: Are They the Effective Tool for Achieving Sustainable Organizational Excellence?”, New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences, S.4(10), ss.110–117.
121. SAHA, Nibedita, SAHA, Tomas, GREGAR, Ales ve SAHA, Petr (2020), “Organizational Agility and Organizational Learning: Do They Accelerate Organizational Innovation and Competency?”, Proceedings of the European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship, S.2020(September), ss.578-586.
122. SAMBAMURTHY, Vallabh, BHARADWAJ, Anandhi ve GROVER, Varun (2003), “Shaping Agility through Digital Options: Reconceptualizing the Role of Information Technology in Contemporary Firms”, MIS Quarterly, S.27(2), ss.237–263.
123. SEO, DongBack ve PAZ, Ariel L. (2008), “Exploring the Dark Side of IS in Achieving Organizational Agility”, Communications of the ACM, S.51(11), ss.136-139.
124. SHAMS, Riad, VRONTIS, Demetris, BELYAEVA, Zhanna, FERRARIS, Alberto ve CZINKOTA, Michael R. (2021), “Strategic Agility in International Business: A Conceptual Framework for “Agile” Multinationals”, Journal of International Management, S.27(1), ss.(100737).
125. SHARIFI, Hossein ve ZHANG, David Zhengwen (2001), “Agile Manufacturing in Practice-Application of a Methodology”, International Journal of Operations & Production Management, S.21(5), ss.772-794.
126. SHEREHIY, Bohdana, KARWOWSKI, Waldemar ve LAYER, John K. (2007), “A Review of Enterprise Agility: Concepts, Frameworks, and Attributes”, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, S.37(5), ss.445-460.
127. SINGH, Jagdip, SHARMA, Garima, HILL, James ve SCHNACKENBERG, Andrew (2013), “Organizational Agility: What it is, What it is Not, and Why it Matters”, Academy of Management Proceedings, S.2013(1), ss.397-417.
128. SMET, Aaron De, LURIE, Michael ve GEORGE, Andrew St. (2018), “Leading Agile Transformation: The New Capabilities Leaders Need to Build 21st-Century Organizations”, McKinsey Kurumsal Web Sayfası (E-Makale), (tarihsiz), https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/business%20functions/organization/ (Erişim Tarihi: 03.08.2023).
129. SMET, Aaron De, SCHANINGER, Bill ve SMITH, Matthew (2014), “The Hidden Value of Organizational Health and How to Capture it”, McKinsey Quarterly (E-Article), http://www.mckinsey. com/business-functions/organization (Erişim Tarihi: 03.08.2023).
130. SULL, Donald (2009), “How to Thrive in Turbulent Markets”, Harvard Business Review, S.87(2), ss.78-88.
131. SULL, Donald (2010), “Competing through Organizational Agility”, McKinsey Quarterly, S.1, ss.48-56.
132. SYAMIL, Ahmad, SETIADI, Fajar ve VALENTE, William (2022), “The Positive Impact of ERP Usage on Business Process Outcomes and Organizational Agility”, International Conference on Informatics, Multimedia, Cyber and Information System (ICIMCIS), 16-17 Kasım 2022 – Jakarta, IEEE Publisher, Jakarta (Indonesia), ss.509-513.
133. SWAFFORD, Patricia M., GHOSH, Soumen ve MURTHY, Nagesh (2008), “Achieving Supply Chain Agility through IT Integration and Flexibility”, International Journal of Production Economics, S.116(2), ss.288-297.
134. TAKEUCHI, Hirotaka ve NONAKA, Ikujiro (1986), “The New New Product Development Game”, Harvard Business Review, S.64(1), ss.137-146.
135. TALLON, Paul P. ve PINSONNEAULT, Alain (2011), “Competing Perspectives on the Link between Strategic Information Technology Alignment and Organizational Agility: Insights from a Mediation Model”, MIS Quarterly, S.35(2), ss.463-486.
136. TEECE, David, PETERAF, Margaret ve LEIH, Sohvi (2016), “Dynamic Capabilities and Organizational Agility: Risk, Uncertainty, and Strategy in the Innovation Economy”, California Management Review, S.58(4), ss.13-35.
137. TRANFIELD, David, DENYER, David ve SMART, Palminder (2003), “Towards a Methodology for Developing Evidence Informed Management Knowledge by Means of Systematic Review”, British Journal of Management, S.14(3), ss.207-222.
138. TRIAA, Wafa, GZARA, Lilla ve VERJUS, Herve (2016), “Organizational Agility Key Factors for Dynamic Business Process Management”, IEEE 18th Conference on Business Informatics (CBI), 29 Ağustos – 1 Eylül 2016 – Paris, IEEE Publisher, Paris, ss.64–73.
139. TROISE, Ciro, CORVELLO, Vincenzo, GHOBADIAN, Abby ve O’REGAN, Nicholas (2022), “How Can SMEs Successfully Navigate VUCA Environment: The Role of Agility in the Digital Transformation Era”, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, S.174, ss.(121227).
140. TRZCIELINSKI, Stefan (2009), “Agile Enterprise–An Innovative Organization”, Innovaciomenedzment, Nemzetkozi Konferencia (Ed. Magdolna Csath), Kodolanyi Janos Foiskola, Budapest.
141. UBIPARIPOVIC, Bogdan, RAKOVIC, Lazar, MARIC, Slobodan ve VUKOVIC, Vuk (2023), “Digital Business Agility”, Ekonomika, S.69(2), ss.75-86.
142. WALTER, Anna-Theresa (2021), “Organizational Agility: Ill-Defined and Somewhat Confusing? A Systematic Literature Review and Conceptualization”, Management Review Quarterly, S.71, ss.343–391.
143. WEBER, Yaakov ve TARBA, Shlomo Y. (2014), “Strategic Agility: A State of the Art”, California Management Review, S.56(3), ss.5–12.
144. WINTER, Sidney G. (2003), “Understanding Dynamic Capabilities”, Strategic Management Journal, S.24(10), ss.991-995.
145. VECCHIATO, Riccardo (2015), “Creating Value through Foresight: First Mover Advantages and Strategic Agility”, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, S.101, ss.25–36.
146. VIDMAR, Matjaz, ROSIELLO, Alessandro ve GOLRA, Owais (2020), “The Resilience of New Space Firms in the United Kingdom During the Early Stages of COVID-19 Crisis: The Case for Strategic Agility”, New Space, S.8(4), ss.172–178.
147. VOLBERDA, Henk (1997), “Building Flexible Organizations for Fast-Moving Markets”, Long Range Planning, S.30(2), ss.169–183.
148. YEGANEGI, Kamran ve AZAR, Mohammad (2012), “The Effect of IT on Organizational Agility”, Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, 3-6 Temmuz 2012 – İstanbul, IEOM Publisher, İstanbul (Türkiye).
149. YILDIZ, Tayfun ve AYKANAT, Zafer (2021), “The Mediating Role of Organizational Innovation on the Impact of Strategic Agility on Firm Performance”, World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, S.17(4), ss.765–786.
150. YOUNG, Ruth (2008), “Interview with Mikko Kosonen and Yves Doz”, Strategic Direction, S.24(7), ss.30–32.
151. YUSUF, Muhammad, SURYA, Batara, MENNE, Firman, RUSLAN, Muhlis, SURIANI, Seri ve ISKANDAR, Iskandar (2022), “Business Agility and Competitive Advantage of SMEs in Makassar City, Indonesia”, Sustainability, S.15(1), ss.(627).
152. ZAHOOR, Nadia, KHAN, Huda, DONBESUUR, Francis, KHAN, Zaheer ve RAJWANI, Tazeeb (2023), “Grand Challenges and Emerging Market Small and Medium Enterprises: The Role of Strategic Agility and Gender Diversity”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, S.41(2), ss.473-500(1-28).
153. ZHANG, Mengru, LIU, Hefu, CHEN, Meng ve TANG, Xinlin (2022), “Managerial ties: How Much Do They Matter for Organizational Agility?”, Industrial Marketing Management, S.103, ss.215-226.
154. ZITKIENE, Rima ve DEKSNYS, Mindaugas (2018), “Organizational Agility Conceptual Model”, Montenegrin Journal of Economics, S.14(2), ss.115-129.