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Welfare Pluralism and Quangos in the United Kingdom

Year 2019, , 402 - 412, 30.09.2019
https://doi.org/10.33712/mana.608565

Abstract

In the United Kingdom,
the Quangos (quasi-autonomous non-governmental organizations) are called
non-governmental, semi-independent non-governmental organizations. Quangos,
also known as non-departmental public bodies (NDPB), have major roles in
welfare services. The exsistence of quangos, has recently become an important
issue of political debate; definitions, the abundance of numbers,
controllability and accountability were discussed. Britain was described as a
liberal welfare state in Esping Andersen's classification of welfare regimes.
Although the Quangos' presence strengthens this thesis, it shows that welfare
pluralism is adopted in the UK and that a mixed welfare regime is maintained.
In this respect, the United Kingdom is called as quango state by some authors.
The main thesis of this article is that a mixed welfare regime is maintained in
the United Kingdom and an important example of this is the quangos. In this
study, the concept of welfare pluralism, which is rarely mentioned in the
Turkish literature, is examined and discussed the role of quangos in public
administration, an important indicator of welfare pluralism in the United
Kingdom.

References

  • ALFREDSON, Lisa (2000), "Social Services in Europe: Policy Issues And Current Debates", Social Services in Europe An Annotated Bibliography (Ed. H. K. Anheier), Observatory for The Development of Social Services in Europe Publisher, Frankfurt, ss.296-305.
  • BARNES, Marian ve WALKER, Alan (1996), “Consumerism Versus Empowerment: a Principled Approach to The Involvement of Older Service Users”, Policy And Politics, S.24(4), ss.375–393.
  • BILLIS, David (2010), Hybrid Organizations and The Third Sector, Palgrave Macmillan, Houndmills - UK.
  • BIRREL, David ve GRAY ANN, Marie (2017), Delivering Social Welfare: Governance And Service Provision in The UK, Policy Press, Bristol.
  • BOOCKMAN, Bernhard, WALTER, Thomas ve HUBER, Martin (2013), “Should Welfare Administration be Centralized or Decentralized? Evidence From a Policy Experiment”, German Economic Review, S.16(1), ss.13-42.
  • BRANDSEN, Taco ve KARRÉ, Marcel (2011), “Hybrid Organizations: No Cause for Concern?” International Journal of Public Administration, S.34, ss.827-836.
  • BRANDSEN, Taco, VAN DE DONK, Wim ve PUTTERS, Kim (2005), “Griffins or Chameleons? Hybridity As a Permanent And Inevitable Characteristic of The Third Sector”, International Journal of Public Administration, S.28, ss.749-765.
  • COCHRANE, Allan (2004), “Modernisation, Managerialism And The Culture Wars: Reshaping The Local Welfare State in England”, Local Government Studies, S.30(4), ss.481-496.
  • ÇADIR, Mustafa (2017), “İngiltere’de Yaşlılara Yönelik Sosyal Hizmetlerin Dönüşümü: Huzurevi Sektörüne Genel Bir Bakış”, Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi, S.17(39), ss.9-32.
  • DOMMETT, Khaterine ve MACCARTHAIGH, Muiris (2016), “Quango Reform: The Next Steps?” Public Money & Management, S.36(4), ss.249–256.
  • ERSÖZ, Halis Yunus (2011), Sosyal Politikada Yerelleşme, İstanbul Ticaret Odası Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • EVERS, Adalbert (2005), "Mixed Welfare Systems and Hybrid Organizations: Changes in The Governance and Provision of Social Services", International Journal of Public Administration, S.28(9-10), ss.737-748.
  • GREVE, Carsten, FLINDERS, Matthev ve VAN THIEL, Sandra (1999), “Quangos-What’s in a Name? Defining Quangos from a Comparative Perspective”, Governance: An International Journal of Policy And Administration, S.12(2), ss.129–146.
  • FLINDERS, Mathiwe, DOMMETT, Katherine ve TONKISS, Katherine (2014), “Bonfires And Barbecues: Coalition Governance And The Politics Of Quango Reform”, Contemporary British History, S.28(1), ss.56-80.
  • HADLEY, Roger ve HATCH, Stephen (1981), Social Welfare And The Failure of The State, Routledge, London.
  • HENDERSON, Cathrine ve KNAPP, Martin (2003), “Social Services in The UK: An Annotated Bibliography”, E-Article, http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/31002/1/social%20services%20in%20the%20uk%20(lsero).pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 05.05.2019).
  • HOLLAND, Philip (1981), The Governanceof Quangos, Adam Smith Institute, London.
  • HOUSE OF COMMONS (2018), Public Bodies, Commons Library Briefing, Briefing Paper Number 8376.
  • LUND, Brian (1993), “An Agenda for Welfare Pluralism in Housing”, Social Policy&Administration, S.27(4), ss.309-322.
  • OĞUZ, Mustafa Cem (2017), “Otoriter Rejimler ve Sivil Toplum İlişkisi: Bir 'Yumuşak Güç' Stratejisi olarak GONGO’ların Yükselişi”, Mülkiye Dergisi, S.42(2), ss.239-260.
  • ÖZDEMİR, Süleyman (2004), “Sosyal Refah’ın Sağlanmasında Yenı̇ Bı̇r Anlayış: 'Refah Karması' ve Sosyal Refah Sağlayıcı Kurumlar”, Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları Dergisi, S.48, ss.98-127.
  • ÖZDEMİR, Süleyman (2017), “Refah Devleti ve Üstlendiği Temel Görevler Üzerine Bir İnceleme”, Sosyal Siyaset (E-Makale), http://www.sosyalsiyaset.net/documents/refah_devleti_ustlendigi_gorvlr.htm, (Erişim Tarihi: 11.01.2017).
  • ÖZEN, Sibel (2008), “Birleşik Krallıkta Kamu Yönetimi Reformları (1979-2008)”, Kamu İdarelerinde Stratejik Yönetim Projesi Raporu (Ed. Osman Yılmaz), T.C. Başbakanlık DPT Müsteşşarlığı - Maliye Bakanlığı - Hazine Müsteşarlığı Ortak Yayını, Ankara.
  • POWELL, Martin ve BARRIENTOS, Armando (2004), “Welfare Regimes And The Welfare Mix”, European Journal of Political Research, S.48(1), ss.83-105.
  • PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SELECT COMMITEE (2011), “Smaller Government: Shrinking The Quango” State, House of Commons Library, London.
  • RENATE MINAS, Sharon Wright Rik van Berkel (2012), "Decentralization And Centralization", International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, S.32(5/6), ss.286-298.
  • RUTTER, Jill (2014), “The Quango Conundrum Revisited - Why The Government Still Needs A More Cohorent Approach to Arms-Length Bodies”, Political Quarterly, S.85(2), ss.148-152.
  • SEÇKİNER BİNGÖL, Ezgi (2018), “İngiltere’de Refah Hizmetlerinin Yönetişimi ve Yerel Yönetimlerin Bu Konudaki Rolü”, Kent Yönetiminde Yeni Yaklaşımlar Etkin Belediyecilik Uygulamaları (Ed. Mehmet Mecek, Bekir Parlak, Emin Atasoy), Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, Ankara, ss.192-199.
  • SEÇKİNER BİNGÖL, Ezgi (2018a), “İngiltere Yerel Yönetimlerinde Sosyal Hizmet ve Sosyal Yardım”, Ombudsman Akademik Dergisi, S.4(8), ss.105-121.
  • SPICKER, Paul (2014), Social Policy: Theory And Practice, Policy Press, Bristol. http://www.spicker.uk/social-policy/socadmin.htm#provision (Erişim Tarihi: 07.05.2019).
  • TOPRAK, Duriye (2015), “Uygulamada Ortaya Çıkan Farklı Refah Devletı̇ Modellerı̇ Üzerı̇ne Bı̇r İnceleme”, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, S.21, ss.151-175.
  • UÇAR KOCAOĞLU, Belgin ve SEÇKİNER BİNGÖL, Ezgi (2015), “Belediye Hizmetlerinde Gönüllü Katılım: Konya Örneği”, KMÜ Sosyal ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, S.17(29), ss.53-62.
  • VOGEL, Joachim (1999), “The European Welfare Mix: Institutional Configuration And Distributive Outcome in Sweden And The European Union: A Longitudinal And Comparative Perspective”, Social Indicators Research, S.48, ss.245-97.
  • VOORHIS, Rebecca (2002), “Different Types of Welfare States? A Methodological Deconstruction of Comparative Research”, The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare, S.29(4), ss.3-17.
  • WALKER, David (2014), “Quangos-Why Bother Counting Them When Whitehall Can’t?”, Political Quarterly, S.85(2), ss.153-158.
  • WIGEL, Mikael (2017), “Political Effects of Welfare Pluralism: Comparative Evidence from Argentina And Chile”, World Development, S.95(C), ss.27-42.

Refah Çoğulculuğu ve Birleşik Krallık’ta Quangolar

Year 2019, , 402 - 412, 30.09.2019
https://doi.org/10.33712/mana.608565

Abstract

Birleşik Krallık’ta
Quangolar (quasi-autonomous non-governmental organisatisons) yarı
bağımsız-hükümet dışı sivil toplum kuruluşları olarak adlandırılmaktadır.
Quangolar diğer bir adı ile bakanlık dışı kamu örgütleri (NDPB)
(Non-Departmental Public Bodies), diğer kamu hizmetlerinin sunumunda olduğu
gibi refah hizmetlerinin sunumunda da önemli rollere sahiptirler. Quangoların
varlıkları, son dönemlerde politik tartışmaların önemli bir meselesi haline
gelmiş; tanımları, sayılarının çokluğu, denetlenebilirlikleri ve hesap
verebilirlikleri tartışma konusu olmuştur. Birleşik Krallık, Esping Andersen’in
refah rejimleri sınıflandırmasında liberal refah devleti olarak
nitelendirilmiştir. Quangoların varlıkları, bu tezi güçlendirse de Birleşik
Krallık’ta refah çoğulculuğunun benimsendiğini göstermektedir. Birleşik
Krallık, bu bakımdan kimi yazarlar tarafından “quango devleti” olarak
adlandırılmaktadır. Bu makalenin temel tezi, Birleşik Krallık’ta karma bir
refah rejimi sürdürüldüğü ve bunun önemli bir örneğini quangoların
oluşturduğudur. Çalışmada Türkçe literatürde az değinilen refah çoğulculuğu
kavramı irdelenmiş ve Birleşik Krallık’ta refah çoğulculuğunun önemli bir
örneğini oluşturan quangoların kamu yönetimi içerisindeki tartışılan rolleri
ele alınmıştır.

References

  • ALFREDSON, Lisa (2000), "Social Services in Europe: Policy Issues And Current Debates", Social Services in Europe An Annotated Bibliography (Ed. H. K. Anheier), Observatory for The Development of Social Services in Europe Publisher, Frankfurt, ss.296-305.
  • BARNES, Marian ve WALKER, Alan (1996), “Consumerism Versus Empowerment: a Principled Approach to The Involvement of Older Service Users”, Policy And Politics, S.24(4), ss.375–393.
  • BILLIS, David (2010), Hybrid Organizations and The Third Sector, Palgrave Macmillan, Houndmills - UK.
  • BIRREL, David ve GRAY ANN, Marie (2017), Delivering Social Welfare: Governance And Service Provision in The UK, Policy Press, Bristol.
  • BOOCKMAN, Bernhard, WALTER, Thomas ve HUBER, Martin (2013), “Should Welfare Administration be Centralized or Decentralized? Evidence From a Policy Experiment”, German Economic Review, S.16(1), ss.13-42.
  • BRANDSEN, Taco ve KARRÉ, Marcel (2011), “Hybrid Organizations: No Cause for Concern?” International Journal of Public Administration, S.34, ss.827-836.
  • BRANDSEN, Taco, VAN DE DONK, Wim ve PUTTERS, Kim (2005), “Griffins or Chameleons? Hybridity As a Permanent And Inevitable Characteristic of The Third Sector”, International Journal of Public Administration, S.28, ss.749-765.
  • COCHRANE, Allan (2004), “Modernisation, Managerialism And The Culture Wars: Reshaping The Local Welfare State in England”, Local Government Studies, S.30(4), ss.481-496.
  • ÇADIR, Mustafa (2017), “İngiltere’de Yaşlılara Yönelik Sosyal Hizmetlerin Dönüşümü: Huzurevi Sektörüne Genel Bir Bakış”, Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi, S.17(39), ss.9-32.
  • DOMMETT, Khaterine ve MACCARTHAIGH, Muiris (2016), “Quango Reform: The Next Steps?” Public Money & Management, S.36(4), ss.249–256.
  • ERSÖZ, Halis Yunus (2011), Sosyal Politikada Yerelleşme, İstanbul Ticaret Odası Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • EVERS, Adalbert (2005), "Mixed Welfare Systems and Hybrid Organizations: Changes in The Governance and Provision of Social Services", International Journal of Public Administration, S.28(9-10), ss.737-748.
  • GREVE, Carsten, FLINDERS, Matthev ve VAN THIEL, Sandra (1999), “Quangos-What’s in a Name? Defining Quangos from a Comparative Perspective”, Governance: An International Journal of Policy And Administration, S.12(2), ss.129–146.
  • FLINDERS, Mathiwe, DOMMETT, Katherine ve TONKISS, Katherine (2014), “Bonfires And Barbecues: Coalition Governance And The Politics Of Quango Reform”, Contemporary British History, S.28(1), ss.56-80.
  • HADLEY, Roger ve HATCH, Stephen (1981), Social Welfare And The Failure of The State, Routledge, London.
  • HENDERSON, Cathrine ve KNAPP, Martin (2003), “Social Services in The UK: An Annotated Bibliography”, E-Article, http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/31002/1/social%20services%20in%20the%20uk%20(lsero).pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 05.05.2019).
  • HOLLAND, Philip (1981), The Governanceof Quangos, Adam Smith Institute, London.
  • HOUSE OF COMMONS (2018), Public Bodies, Commons Library Briefing, Briefing Paper Number 8376.
  • LUND, Brian (1993), “An Agenda for Welfare Pluralism in Housing”, Social Policy&Administration, S.27(4), ss.309-322.
  • OĞUZ, Mustafa Cem (2017), “Otoriter Rejimler ve Sivil Toplum İlişkisi: Bir 'Yumuşak Güç' Stratejisi olarak GONGO’ların Yükselişi”, Mülkiye Dergisi, S.42(2), ss.239-260.
  • ÖZDEMİR, Süleyman (2004), “Sosyal Refah’ın Sağlanmasında Yenı̇ Bı̇r Anlayış: 'Refah Karması' ve Sosyal Refah Sağlayıcı Kurumlar”, Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları Dergisi, S.48, ss.98-127.
  • ÖZDEMİR, Süleyman (2017), “Refah Devleti ve Üstlendiği Temel Görevler Üzerine Bir İnceleme”, Sosyal Siyaset (E-Makale), http://www.sosyalsiyaset.net/documents/refah_devleti_ustlendigi_gorvlr.htm, (Erişim Tarihi: 11.01.2017).
  • ÖZEN, Sibel (2008), “Birleşik Krallıkta Kamu Yönetimi Reformları (1979-2008)”, Kamu İdarelerinde Stratejik Yönetim Projesi Raporu (Ed. Osman Yılmaz), T.C. Başbakanlık DPT Müsteşşarlığı - Maliye Bakanlığı - Hazine Müsteşarlığı Ortak Yayını, Ankara.
  • POWELL, Martin ve BARRIENTOS, Armando (2004), “Welfare Regimes And The Welfare Mix”, European Journal of Political Research, S.48(1), ss.83-105.
  • PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SELECT COMMITEE (2011), “Smaller Government: Shrinking The Quango” State, House of Commons Library, London.
  • RENATE MINAS, Sharon Wright Rik van Berkel (2012), "Decentralization And Centralization", International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, S.32(5/6), ss.286-298.
  • RUTTER, Jill (2014), “The Quango Conundrum Revisited - Why The Government Still Needs A More Cohorent Approach to Arms-Length Bodies”, Political Quarterly, S.85(2), ss.148-152.
  • SEÇKİNER BİNGÖL, Ezgi (2018), “İngiltere’de Refah Hizmetlerinin Yönetişimi ve Yerel Yönetimlerin Bu Konudaki Rolü”, Kent Yönetiminde Yeni Yaklaşımlar Etkin Belediyecilik Uygulamaları (Ed. Mehmet Mecek, Bekir Parlak, Emin Atasoy), Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, Ankara, ss.192-199.
  • SEÇKİNER BİNGÖL, Ezgi (2018a), “İngiltere Yerel Yönetimlerinde Sosyal Hizmet ve Sosyal Yardım”, Ombudsman Akademik Dergisi, S.4(8), ss.105-121.
  • SPICKER, Paul (2014), Social Policy: Theory And Practice, Policy Press, Bristol. http://www.spicker.uk/social-policy/socadmin.htm#provision (Erişim Tarihi: 07.05.2019).
  • TOPRAK, Duriye (2015), “Uygulamada Ortaya Çıkan Farklı Refah Devletı̇ Modellerı̇ Üzerı̇ne Bı̇r İnceleme”, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, S.21, ss.151-175.
  • UÇAR KOCAOĞLU, Belgin ve SEÇKİNER BİNGÖL, Ezgi (2015), “Belediye Hizmetlerinde Gönüllü Katılım: Konya Örneği”, KMÜ Sosyal ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, S.17(29), ss.53-62.
  • VOGEL, Joachim (1999), “The European Welfare Mix: Institutional Configuration And Distributive Outcome in Sweden And The European Union: A Longitudinal And Comparative Perspective”, Social Indicators Research, S.48, ss.245-97.
  • VOORHIS, Rebecca (2002), “Different Types of Welfare States? A Methodological Deconstruction of Comparative Research”, The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare, S.29(4), ss.3-17.
  • WALKER, David (2014), “Quangos-Why Bother Counting Them When Whitehall Can’t?”, Political Quarterly, S.85(2), ss.153-158.
  • WIGEL, Mikael (2017), “Political Effects of Welfare Pluralism: Comparative Evidence from Argentina And Chile”, World Development, S.95(C), ss.27-42.
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Political Science
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ezgi Seçkiner Bingöl 0000-0003-1250-4102

Publication Date September 30, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019

Cite

APA Seçkiner Bingöl, E. (2019). Refah Çoğulculuğu ve Birleşik Krallık’ta Quangolar. Uluslararası Yönetim Akademisi Dergisi, 2(2), 402-412. https://doi.org/10.33712/mana.608565