Ekonomiyi İyileştirme Stratejisi Olarak Politika Müdahalesi Yoluyla Girişimciliğe ve Startup Kültürüne Öncelik Vermek

Öz

Günümüzde dünya, COVID-19 salgınının bir sonucu olarak zor bir dönemden geçmektedir. Ekonomiler ağır darbeler almıştır. Dünya genelinde salgın toplumun sosyal ve ekonomik refahını tehdit etmekte ve ekonomik durgunluk baş göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla, ekonomilerin bel kemiği olan girişimciliğe ve startup kültürüne öncelik vermek olmazsa olmaz haline gelmiştir. Öte yandan girişim başlatmak ve bu girişimlerin başarı ve sürdürüllebilirliğini sağlamak salgınla birlikte daha da zorlaşmıştır. Ekonomileri canlandıracak girişimcilik faaliyetlerinde artış hedefleniyorsa, girişimciliği teşvik eden devlet destek ve teşviklerinin geliştirilmesi şarttır. Bunun için ise girişimcilik ekosistemi doğru analiz edilmelidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı girişimciliğin başarısı ve sürdürülebilir olması için gereken temel stratejileri ve yaklaşımları belirlemektir. Çlaışmayı detseklemek için birincil kaynak verilerinden yararlanışmıştır. Bu bağlamda girişimciliği teşvik etme stratejileri, girişimcilik ekosistemi ve GZFT analizi arasındaki güçlü bağın altını çizen metodolojik bir yaklaşım uygulanmıştır. Bu üç endeks, girişimcilik ve yeni başlayanlar için elverişli platformlar oluşturan anlamlı müdahaleleri gerçekleştirmede kullanışlı olmaktadır. Bu üç endeksin toplumun sosyal ve ekonomik refahı üzerinde olumlu etkisi bulunmaktadır. COVID-19 salgınının gelişimi hala belirsiz olduğundan sürekli olarak girişimcilik faaliyetlerine salgının etkisinin araştırılmasında fayda bulunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Girişimcilik
• Startup
• Politika Müdahalesi
• Girişimcilik Ekosistemi
• SWOT Analizi

Prioritizing Entrepreneurship and Startup Culture Through Policy Intervention as A Strategy for Economy Recovery

Abstract

World today is going through a difficult phase as consequences of COVID-19 pandemic. There is an evidence of the world economy being hit hard and a case of economic recession which created significant threats to the social and economical welfare of the society. Needs are felt to focus on prioritizing entrepreneurship and startup culture as these are the backbones of any economy. But on the other hand, entrepreneurship and the startups growth and sustainability themselves are greater threats ats current times. There is a need for immediate interventions through approaches that are conducive, if erase please the critical role of entrepreneurship and startups are desired to be developed in order to sustain the revival of our economy. This can only be materialized through right understanding of entrepreneurial ecosystems as general and in the scurrent times through researches so that right and meaningful interventions can be made. This study focuses on making policy intervention approaches as a key strategy to provide a favorable platform for startups to grow as well as existing entrepreneurs to sustain. To supplement this study, the data from primary resources are utilized and a methodological approach drawn highlighting the strong nexus between i) Strategies to foster entrepreneurship, ii) Entrepreneurial Ecosystem and iii) SWOT analysis. These three indices can be handy in materializing the meaningful interventions that create conducive platforms for entrepreneurship and startups thereby making a positive impact to the social as well as economical welfare of the society. With unpredictable nature of current pandemic and the series of its associated impacts, there are needs for continuous and innovative engagement in research through global perspectives.

Keywords

• Entrepreneurship
• Startups
• Policy Intervention
• Entrepreneurship Ecosystem
• SWOT Analysis

References

1. ACEYTUNO, Maria Teresa, SÁNCHEZ-LÓPEZ, Celia ve PAZ-BÁÑEZ, Manuela A. de (2020), “Rising Inequality and Entrepreneurship During Economic Downturn: An Analysis of Opportunity and Necessity Entrepreneurship in Spain”, Sustainability Open Access Journal, S.12(11), ss.1-16.
2. ARRIGHETTI, Alessandro, CARICATI, Luca, LANDINI, Fabio ve MONACELLI, Nadia (2015), “Entrepreneurial Intention in The Time of Crisis: A Field Study”, International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, S.22(6), ss.835-859.
3. BARBULESCU, Oana, TECAU, Alina Simona, MUNTEANU, Daniel ve CONSTANTIN, Cristinel Petrişor (2021), “Innovation of Startups, the Key to Unlocking Post-Crisis Sustainable Growth in Romanian Entrepreneurial Ecosystem”, Sustainability Open Access Journal, S.13(2), ss.1-16.
4. CHUDIK, Alexander, MOHADDES, Kamiar, PESARAN, M. Hashem, RAISSI, Mehdi ve REBUCCI, Alessandro (2020), “Economic Consequences of COVID-19: A Counterfactual Multi-Country Analysis”, Voxeu Cepr, 19 October 2020, https://voxeu.org/article/economic-consequences-covid-19-multi-country-analysis (Access Date: 03.02.2021).
5. HAHN, Davide, MINOLA, Tommaso, VAN GILS, Anita ve HUYBRECHTS, Jolien (2017), “Entrepreneurial Education and Learning at Universities: Exploring Multilevel Contingencies”, Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, S.29(9-10), ss.945-974.
6. KUCKERTZ, Andreas, BRÄNDLE, Leif, GAUDIG, Anja, HINDERER, Sebastian, REYES, Carlos Arturo Morales, PROCHOTTA, Alicia, STEINBRINK, Kathrin M. ve BERGER, Elisabeth S. C. (2020), “Startups in Times of Crisis – A Rapid Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic”, Journal of Business Venturing Insights, S.13,
7. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352673420300251?via%3Dihub (Access Date: 03.02.2021).
8. MEAHJOHN, Inshan ve PERSAD, Prakash (2020), “The Impact of COVID-19 on Entrepreneurship Globally”, Journal of Economics and Business, S.3(3), ss.1165-1173.

9. NDOFIREPI, Takawira Munyaradzi (2020), “Relationship Between Entrepreneurship Education and Entrepreneurial Goal Intentions: Psychological Traits as Mediators”, Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, S.9(2), ss.1-20,
10. https://innovation-entrepreneurship.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13731-020-0115-x.pdf (Access Date: 03.02.2021).
11. RAPOSO, Mario ve DO PAÇO, Arminda (2011), “Entrepreneurship Education: Relationship Between Education and Entrepreneurial Activity”, Psicothema, S.23(3), ss.453-457.
12. RATTEN, Vanessa ve JONES, Paul (2020), “Covid-19 And Entrepreneurship Education: Implications for Advancing Research and Practice”, The International Journal of Management Education, S.10(1), ss.1-7,
13. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344853050_Entrepreneurship_and_management_education_Exploring_trends_and_gaps (Access Date: 03.02.2021).
14. WEI, Xingjian, LIU, Xiaolang ve SHA, Jian (2019), “How Does the Entrepreneurship Education Influence the Students’ Innovation? Testing on the Multiple Mediation Model”, Frontiers in Psychology, S.10, ss.1-10.