Türkiye'nin Sağlık Diplomasisi Faaliyetleri: Nitel Bir Araştırma

Year 2024, , 114 - 128, 31.03.2024

Sıddıka Çam , Erdal Eke

https://doi.org/10.14782/marmarasbd.1317457

Abstract

Sağlık diplomasisi, küresel sağlık politikalarının yürütülmesini ve yönetişimini kolaylaştıran bir alandır. Farklı ülkelere uzmanlık, deneyim, insan ve tıbbi malzeme aktarımı gibi yardımların gerçekleştirilmesi sağlık diplomasisinin içeriğini oluşturmaktadır. Türkiye’nin yurt dışına resmi kalkınma yardımları yapması, sağlık işletmeleri kurma ve işletmesi ile afet ve acil durumlarda medikal kurtarma ve acil sağlık hizmetlerini sunması bu çalışmanın temel argümanını oluşturmaktadır. Bu sebeple, Türkiye’nin sağlık diplomasisi algısı ile sınır ötesinde yürütülen sağlık hizmeti sürecinin nasıl yürütüldüğü ve bu hizmetlerin olası katkılarının neler olduğu ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Türkiye'nin sağlık diplomasisi sürecini detaylı bir şekilde incelemek için durum çalışması deseni kullanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda kamu (n=1) ve sivil toplum kuruluşu personeli (n=8) ile görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları sağlık diplomasisi algısı, sağlık diplomasisi sürecinde yaşanan zorluklar, sağlık diplomasisi sürecinde yaşanan zorlukların çözümü, sağlık diplomasisinin katkıları olmak üzere dört ana tema çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir. Sağlık diplomasisi algısı saha çalışması, deneyim aktarımı, destek olma, ortak hareket etme, dış politika, yumuşak güç ve sağlık önceliğidir. Sağlık hizmeti sunumu sürecinde ise tıbbi ekipman, hizmet sunumu, personel ve politik açıdan zorlukların yaşandığı ve bu zorlukların iş birliği, iletişim ve diğer yollarla çözülmeye çalışıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Sağlık diplomasisinin alıcı ülke veya bölgenin sağlığına katkı sağladığı, yeni açılan sağlık kuruluşları ile istihdama destek olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca Türk sağlık personeline deneyim kazandırdığı, Türkiye’ye yönelik sempati geliştiği ve ön yargıların kırıldığı saptanmıştır.

Keywords

Sağlık Diplomasisi, Sınır Ötesi Sağlık Hizmetleri, Sağlık Yönetimi, Sağlık Politikası, Türkiye

Türkiye's Health Diplomacy Activities: A Qualitative Research

Abstract

Health diplomacy is a field that facilitates the implementation and governance of global health policies. Assisting, such as transferring expertise, experience, and human and medical equipment to different countries, constitutes the content of health diplomacy. The main argument of this study is that Türkiye provides official development assistance abroad, establishes and operates health enterprises, and provides medical rescue and emergency health services in disasters and emergencies. For this reason, it has been tried to reveal Türkiye's perception of health diplomacy, how the health service process is carried out across the border, and the possible contributions of these services. A case study design was used to examine Türkiye's health diplomacy process. In this context, interviews were conducted with the public (n=1) and non-governmental organization personnel (n=8). The research findings were evaluated within the framework of four main themes: perception of health diplomacy, difficulties experienced in the health diplomacy process, solutions to the difficulties encountered in the health diplomacy process, and contributions of health diplomacy. The perception of health diplomacy is fieldwork, experience transfer, support, joint action, foreign policy, soft power, and health priority. In the process of health service delivery, it has been determined that there are difficulties in terms of medical equipment, service delivery, personnel, and politics, and these difficulties are tried to be solved through cooperation, communication, and other means. It has been concluded that health diplomacy contributes to the health of the recipient country or region and supports employment with newly opened health institutions. In addition, it was determined that Turkish health personnel gained experience, sympathy for Türkiye developed, and prejudices were broken.

Keywords

Health Diplomacy, Cross-Border Health Services, Health Management, Health Policy, Türkiye

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