Women’s Political Participation and Representation in Bosnia and Herzegovina: General Elections 2014 and 2018

Year 2020, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 27 - 42, 30.03.2020

Muhidin Mulalic Mirsad Karıć

https://doi.org/10.14782/marmarasbd.712277

Abstract

This paper aims to introduce readers to the changes and transformations of gender political equality in Bosnia and Herzegovina and their impact on the legal and institutional framework. A brief survey of major changes and transformation will demonstrate to what extent the position of women’s political participation and representation has improved in the past two decades? That is why the goal of this paper is to examine and analyze the participation and election of women to the executive and legislative bodies at the state, entity and cantonal level in the last two parliamentary and presidential elections held in 2014 and 2018 respectively. Then, the comparative analysis of the elections will clearly show statistical gaps between male and female electoral lists nominees and obtained mandates among male and female nominees and mandates across parliamentary, state and entities levels. Thus, the research will analyze gender quotas based on electoral law and obtained mandates among female candidates. Such analysis will demonstrate to what extent female candidates have moved from mere participation in the elections to the level of political representation by obtaining mandates across different governance levels. For testing the main research objectives on the degree of women’s political participation and representation, the researchers used the data from the Central Election Commission of Bosnia and Herzegovina (www. izbori.ba). Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to present the data regarding women’s political participation and representation in General Elections 2014 and 2018.

Keywords

Political Participation, political representation, electoral law, general elections

Bosna Hersek'te Kadınların Siyasal Hayata Katılımı ve Temsil Edilmesi: 2014 ve 2018 Genel Seçimleri

Abstract

Bu makale, okuyucularına; Bosna Hersek’te toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğinin değişim ve dönüşüm süreçleri ile beraber bu süreçlerin yasal ve kurumsal çerçeve üzerindeki etkilerini tanıtmayı amaçlamaktadır. Büyük değişiklik ve dönüşümlere bağlı olarak yapılan bu araştırma, kadınların siyasi katılımının ve temsil edilmesinin son yirmi yıllık süreçte ne şekilde geliştiğini örneklerle kanıtlamaya çalışacaktır. Çalışma, ilk olarak 2014 ve 2018 yıllarında yapılan son iki parlamento ve cumhurbaşkanlığı seçimlerinde kadınların devlet, tüzel kişilik ve kanton düzeyinde ki yürütme ve yasama organlarına katılımını ve seçimlerini inceleyecektir. Daha sonra ise istatistiksel verilerdeki farklılıkları, seçimlerin karşılaştırmalı analizini yaparak ve seçim listelerindeki erkek ve kadın adaylar ile bu adaylar tarafından, parlamento, eyalet ve tüzel seviyeler düzeyinde elde edilen görevleri karşılaştırılarak gösterecektir. Buna bağlı olarak, araştırma federal seçim yasası temelinde cinsiyet kotalarını ve kadınlara verilen mazbataları inceleyerek, kadın adayların mazbatadan ziyade ne ölçüde siyasi temsil seviyesine geçtiğini de analiz edecektir. Bu bağlamda, araştırmada kadınların siyasi katılım ve temsil derecelerini test etmek adına Bosna Hersek Merkez Seçim Komisyonu’ndan (www.izbori.ba) elde edilen verileri kullanılmıştır. 2014 ve 2018 Genel Seçimlerinde kadınların siyasi katılımı ve temsiline ilişkin verileri sunmak için hem nitel hem de nicel yöntemler kullanılmıştır.

Keywords

Siyasal Katılma, Siyasi Temsil, seçim yasası, genel seçimler

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