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Orta Gelirli Ülkelerde Hayat Sigortalarının Ekonomik Açıdan Değerlendirilmesi: Güney Afrika ve Türkiye Karşılaştırması

Year 2018, Volume: 10 Issue: 18, 20 - 36, 01.01.2018
https://doi.org/10.14784/marufacd.460641

Abstract

Hayat sigortaları beklenmedik bir ölüm veya sürekli sakatlık nedeniyle ortaya çıkan finansal kayıpları
önlemek amacıyla kullanılan bir enstrümandır. Finansal korumanın da yanında, hayat sigortaları primleri
büyük fonlar oluşturarak sermaye piyasaları aracılığıyla ekonomiye katkı sağlar. Hayat sigortaları fon
yaratma kabiliyetinin dışında birikime de imkân veren ürünleriyle bir tasarruf aracıdır. Bu sayede sigorta
ürünlerinin varlığı kişilerin ekonomik refah düzeylerinin devamlılığını da sağlar. Fakat sigorta ürünleri,
devlet tarafından zorunlu olmadıkça, kişilerin finansal açıdan zor durumda olduklarında ilk vazgeçtikleri
veya satın almaya gereksinim duymadıkları finansal araçlardır. Bir ülkede yaşayan insanların ekonomik düzeyini
basit ve en iyi şekilde açıklayan milli geliri, o ülkenin nüfusuna bölerek elde edilen kişi başına düşen
milli gelir kullanılarak yapılan sınıflandırmada, orta-gelir ülkeleri sınıfına giren Güney Afrika ve Türkiye’de
hayat sigortalarının uzun yıllardır gelişememesi benzerlik göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada ekonomik
gelişme ile hayat sigortaları arasındaki ilişki regresyon analizi ile araştırılmıştır. Regresyon iki değişken arasındaki
ilişkiyi anlatmakla yetindiği için, Granger Nedensellik Testi kullanılarak ilişkinin yönü bulunmuş ve bu çalışmanın amacı olmuştur. Bulgular ekonomik gelişmişlikleri aynı seviyede olan ülkelerde ekonomik
gelişmenin kişilerin tasarruf oranlarını arttırdığını göstermektedir. Sonuçlara göre, Türkiye’de hayat sigortalarına
ödenen primlerin ekonomik büyüklüğe bir etkisinin olmadığı, fakat ekonomik büyümenin, bireylerin
hayat sigortaları ürünlerine olan taleplerine etkisi olduğu, Güney Afrika’da ise ekonomik büyüme ve hayat
sigortaları prim düzeyinin birbirlerini etkilediği gözlenmiştir

References

  • ADAMS, Mike, ANDERSSON, Jonas, ANDERSSON, Lars-Fredrik ve LİNDMARK, Marcus. (2009). Commercial banking, insurance and economic growth in Sweden between 1830 and 1998. Accounting, Business & Financial History, 19(1), 21-38. AĞIR, Hüseyin ve YILDIRIM, Selvi. (2015), Türkiye ile BRICS ekonomilerinin makroekonomik performans karşılaştırması: Betimsel bir analiz. KSÜ Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(2), 39-66. AKSU, Merve. (2017). Değişen küresel düzenin yükselen güçleri Türkiye ve BRICS: karşılaştırmalı bir analiz. Strategic Public Management Journal, 3(5), 124-139. ALHASSAN, Abdul Latif and BİEKPE, Nicholas. (2016a). Insurance market development and economic growth: Exploring causality in 8 selected African countries. International Journal of Social Economics, 43(3), 321-339. ALHASSAN, Abdul Latif and BİEKPE, Nicholas. (2016b). Determinants of life insurance consumption in Africa. Research in International Business and Finance, 37, 17-27. ALHASSAN, Abdul Latif and FİADOR, Vera. (2014). Insurance-growth nexus in Ghana: An autoregressive distributed lag bounds cointegration approach. Review of Development Finance, 4(2), 83-96. ARENA, Marco. (2008). Does insurance market activity promote economic growth? A cross‐country study for industrialized and developing countries. Journal of Risk and Insurance, 75(4), 921-946. BAKAR, Özer and BALTA, Kaan H. (2017). The role of life insurance on the economy: Turkey as a case study. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Thought, 6(1), 147-140. CHANG, Tsangyao, LEE, Chien-Chiang and CHANG, Chi-Hung. (2014). Does insurance activity promote economic growth? Further evidence based on bootstrap panel Granger causality test. The European Journal of Finance, 20(12), 1187-1210. CHİNG, Kok S., KOGİD, Mori and FURUOKA, Fumitaka. (2010). Causal relation between life insurance funds and economic growth: evidence from Malaysia. ASEAN Economic Bulletin, 27(2), 185-199. CHİ-WEİ, Su, CHANG, Hsu L. and GUOCHEN, Pan. (2013). Tests for causality between insurance development and economic growth using asymptotic and panel bootstrap distributions. Economic Computation and Economic Cybernetics Studies and Research, 47(3). ĆURAK, Marijana, LONČAR, Sandra and POPOSKİ, Klime. (2009). Insurance sector development and economic growth in transition countries. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 34(3), 29-41. DEMİRBİLEK, İskender. (2013). Hayat Sigortaları ve Bireysel Emeklilik Sistemi, Bölüm adı:(Türkiye’de Bireysel Emeklilik Uygulamaları). Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayınları, Editör:Fuat Erdal, Baskı:2, s.:137. DİCKEY, David A. and FULLER, Wayne A. (1979). Distribution of the estimators for autoregressive time series with a unit root. Journal of the American statistical association, 74(366a), 427-431. DİCKEY, David A. and FULLER, Wayne A. (1981). Likelihood ratio statistics for autoregressive time series with a unit root. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 1057-1072. ENGLE, Robert F. and GRANGER, Clive W. (1987). Co-integration and error correction: representation, estimation, and testing. Econometrica: journal of the Econometric Society, 251-276. GENÇ, Harun. (9 Mart 2017). Finansal aracı kurumlar üzerine inceleme: Küreselleşme ve finansal derinleşme arasındaki ilişki. İlim ve Medeniyet. Erişim tarihi: 18.06.2017. Erişim adresi: http://www.ilimvemedeniyet.com/finansal-araci-kurumlar-uzerine-inceleme-kuresellesme-ve-finansal-derinlesme-arasindaki-iliski.html GENÇ, Ömür. (2002). Sigortacılık sektörü ve Türkiye'de sigorta sektörünün fon yaratma kapasitesi. Türkiye Kalkınma Bankası. GHOSH, Amlan. (2013). Does life insurance activity promote economic development in India: an empirical analysis. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 7(1), 31-43. GRANGER, Clive W. (1988). Some recent development in a concept of causality. Journal of econometrics, 39(1-2), 199-211. GRANGER, Clive W. and NEWBOLD, Paul. (1974). Spurious regressions in econometrics. Journal of econometrics, 2(2), 111-120. GREENWOOD, Jeremy and JOVANOVİC, Boyan. (1990). Financial development, growth, and the distribution of income. Journal of political Economy, 98(5, Part 1), 1076-1107. HAİSS, Peter and SÜMEGİ, Kjell. (2008). The relationship between insurance and economic growth in Europe: a theoretical and empirical analysis. Empirica, 35(4), 405-431. HAN, Liyan, Lİ, Donghui, MOSHİRİAN, Fariborz and TİAN, Yanhui. (2010). Insurance development and economic growth. The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance-Issues and Practice, 35(2), 183-199. HORNG, Ming S., CHANG, Yung W. and WU, Ting Y. (2012). Does insurance demand or financial development promote economic growth? Evidence from Taiwan. Applied Economics Letters, 19(2), 105-111. ISLAM, Mohd A. (2012). An empirical analysis of causality between development of non-bank financial intermediaries and the economic growth in Malaysia. European Journal of Social Sciences, 30(4), 654-664. IŞIK, Nihat, ACAR, Mustafa ve IŞIK, Bayram, H. (2004). Enflasyon ve döviz kuru ilişkisi: Bir eş bütünleşme analizi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F Dergisi, 9(2), 325-340. JOHANSEN, Søren. (1991). Estimation and hypothesis testing of cointegration vectors in Gaussian vector autoregressive models. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 59, 1551-1580. MİSHKİN, Frederic S. (2007). The economics of money, banking, and financial markets. Pearson education. MUNRO, A. Reg and SNYMAN, Anton M., (1995). The life insurance industry in South Africa. Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance. Issues and Practice, 127-140. ONAY, Ceylan. (2006). A co-integration analysis approach to European Union integration: The case of acceding and candidate countries. European Integration Online Papers, 10(7), 1-11. OUTREVİLLE, Francois J. (1990). The economic significance of insurance markets in developing countries. Journal of Risk and Insurance, 57(3), 487-498. SİBİNDİ, Athenia B. and GODİ, Ntwanano J. (2014). Insurance sector development and economic growth: evidence from south Africa. Corporate Ownership & Control, 11(4), 530-538. ÜNSAL, Erdal M. (2001). Makro iktisat. Ankara: İmaj Yayıncılık. WARD, Damian and ZURBRUEGG, Ralf. (2000). Does insurance promote economic growth? Evidence from OECD countries. Journal of Risk and Insurance, 489-506. İnternet Kaynakları Gökkuşağı milleti: Güney Afrika. (2015, 18 Aralık). Sigortacı Gazetesi. Erişim tarihi: 14.06.2017. Erişim adresi: http://www.sigortacigazetesi.com.tr/gokkusagi-milleti-guney-afrika/ Financial Services Board. (2014). Annual Report. Erişim tarihi: 17.06.2017. The World Bank. (2017a). Erişim tarihi: 19.06.2017. Erişim adresi: https://blogs.worldbank.org/opendata/new-country-classifications-income-level-2017-2018. The World Bank. (2017b). Erişim tarihi: 19.06.2017. Erişim adresi: http://data.worldbank.org/country. UNDP. (2016). Human Development Report, New York. Erişim tarihi: 21.06.2017.
Year 2018, Volume: 10 Issue: 18, 20 - 36, 01.01.2018
https://doi.org/10.14784/marufacd.460641

Abstract

References

  • ADAMS, Mike, ANDERSSON, Jonas, ANDERSSON, Lars-Fredrik ve LİNDMARK, Marcus. (2009). Commercial banking, insurance and economic growth in Sweden between 1830 and 1998. Accounting, Business & Financial History, 19(1), 21-38. AĞIR, Hüseyin ve YILDIRIM, Selvi. (2015), Türkiye ile BRICS ekonomilerinin makroekonomik performans karşılaştırması: Betimsel bir analiz. KSÜ Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(2), 39-66. AKSU, Merve. (2017). Değişen küresel düzenin yükselen güçleri Türkiye ve BRICS: karşılaştırmalı bir analiz. Strategic Public Management Journal, 3(5), 124-139. ALHASSAN, Abdul Latif and BİEKPE, Nicholas. (2016a). Insurance market development and economic growth: Exploring causality in 8 selected African countries. International Journal of Social Economics, 43(3), 321-339. ALHASSAN, Abdul Latif and BİEKPE, Nicholas. (2016b). Determinants of life insurance consumption in Africa. Research in International Business and Finance, 37, 17-27. ALHASSAN, Abdul Latif and FİADOR, Vera. (2014). Insurance-growth nexus in Ghana: An autoregressive distributed lag bounds cointegration approach. Review of Development Finance, 4(2), 83-96. ARENA, Marco. (2008). Does insurance market activity promote economic growth? A cross‐country study for industrialized and developing countries. Journal of Risk and Insurance, 75(4), 921-946. BAKAR, Özer and BALTA, Kaan H. (2017). The role of life insurance on the economy: Turkey as a case study. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Thought, 6(1), 147-140. CHANG, Tsangyao, LEE, Chien-Chiang and CHANG, Chi-Hung. (2014). Does insurance activity promote economic growth? Further evidence based on bootstrap panel Granger causality test. The European Journal of Finance, 20(12), 1187-1210. CHİNG, Kok S., KOGİD, Mori and FURUOKA, Fumitaka. (2010). Causal relation between life insurance funds and economic growth: evidence from Malaysia. ASEAN Economic Bulletin, 27(2), 185-199. CHİ-WEİ, Su, CHANG, Hsu L. and GUOCHEN, Pan. (2013). Tests for causality between insurance development and economic growth using asymptotic and panel bootstrap distributions. Economic Computation and Economic Cybernetics Studies and Research, 47(3). ĆURAK, Marijana, LONČAR, Sandra and POPOSKİ, Klime. (2009). Insurance sector development and economic growth in transition countries. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 34(3), 29-41. DEMİRBİLEK, İskender. (2013). Hayat Sigortaları ve Bireysel Emeklilik Sistemi, Bölüm adı:(Türkiye’de Bireysel Emeklilik Uygulamaları). Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayınları, Editör:Fuat Erdal, Baskı:2, s.:137. DİCKEY, David A. and FULLER, Wayne A. (1979). Distribution of the estimators for autoregressive time series with a unit root. Journal of the American statistical association, 74(366a), 427-431. DİCKEY, David A. and FULLER, Wayne A. (1981). Likelihood ratio statistics for autoregressive time series with a unit root. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 1057-1072. ENGLE, Robert F. and GRANGER, Clive W. (1987). Co-integration and error correction: representation, estimation, and testing. Econometrica: journal of the Econometric Society, 251-276. GENÇ, Harun. (9 Mart 2017). Finansal aracı kurumlar üzerine inceleme: Küreselleşme ve finansal derinleşme arasındaki ilişki. İlim ve Medeniyet. Erişim tarihi: 18.06.2017. Erişim adresi: http://www.ilimvemedeniyet.com/finansal-araci-kurumlar-uzerine-inceleme-kuresellesme-ve-finansal-derinlesme-arasindaki-iliski.html GENÇ, Ömür. (2002). Sigortacılık sektörü ve Türkiye'de sigorta sektörünün fon yaratma kapasitesi. Türkiye Kalkınma Bankası. GHOSH, Amlan. (2013). Does life insurance activity promote economic development in India: an empirical analysis. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 7(1), 31-43. GRANGER, Clive W. (1988). Some recent development in a concept of causality. Journal of econometrics, 39(1-2), 199-211. GRANGER, Clive W. and NEWBOLD, Paul. (1974). Spurious regressions in econometrics. Journal of econometrics, 2(2), 111-120. GREENWOOD, Jeremy and JOVANOVİC, Boyan. (1990). Financial development, growth, and the distribution of income. Journal of political Economy, 98(5, Part 1), 1076-1107. HAİSS, Peter and SÜMEGİ, Kjell. (2008). The relationship between insurance and economic growth in Europe: a theoretical and empirical analysis. Empirica, 35(4), 405-431. HAN, Liyan, Lİ, Donghui, MOSHİRİAN, Fariborz and TİAN, Yanhui. (2010). Insurance development and economic growth. The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance-Issues and Practice, 35(2), 183-199. HORNG, Ming S., CHANG, Yung W. and WU, Ting Y. (2012). Does insurance demand or financial development promote economic growth? Evidence from Taiwan. Applied Economics Letters, 19(2), 105-111. ISLAM, Mohd A. (2012). An empirical analysis of causality between development of non-bank financial intermediaries and the economic growth in Malaysia. European Journal of Social Sciences, 30(4), 654-664. IŞIK, Nihat, ACAR, Mustafa ve IŞIK, Bayram, H. (2004). Enflasyon ve döviz kuru ilişkisi: Bir eş bütünleşme analizi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F Dergisi, 9(2), 325-340. JOHANSEN, Søren. (1991). Estimation and hypothesis testing of cointegration vectors in Gaussian vector autoregressive models. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 59, 1551-1580. MİSHKİN, Frederic S. (2007). The economics of money, banking, and financial markets. Pearson education. MUNRO, A. Reg and SNYMAN, Anton M., (1995). The life insurance industry in South Africa. Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance. Issues and Practice, 127-140. ONAY, Ceylan. (2006). A co-integration analysis approach to European Union integration: The case of acceding and candidate countries. European Integration Online Papers, 10(7), 1-11. OUTREVİLLE, Francois J. (1990). The economic significance of insurance markets in developing countries. Journal of Risk and Insurance, 57(3), 487-498. SİBİNDİ, Athenia B. and GODİ, Ntwanano J. (2014). Insurance sector development and economic growth: evidence from south Africa. Corporate Ownership & Control, 11(4), 530-538. ÜNSAL, Erdal M. (2001). Makro iktisat. Ankara: İmaj Yayıncılık. WARD, Damian and ZURBRUEGG, Ralf. (2000). Does insurance promote economic growth? Evidence from OECD countries. Journal of Risk and Insurance, 489-506. İnternet Kaynakları Gökkuşağı milleti: Güney Afrika. (2015, 18 Aralık). Sigortacı Gazetesi. Erişim tarihi: 14.06.2017. Erişim adresi: http://www.sigortacigazetesi.com.tr/gokkusagi-milleti-guney-afrika/ Financial Services Board. (2014). Annual Report. Erişim tarihi: 17.06.2017. The World Bank. (2017a). Erişim tarihi: 19.06.2017. Erişim adresi: https://blogs.worldbank.org/opendata/new-country-classifications-income-level-2017-2018. The World Bank. (2017b). Erişim tarihi: 19.06.2017. Erişim adresi: http://data.worldbank.org/country. UNDP. (2016). Human Development Report, New York. Erişim tarihi: 21.06.2017.
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Özer Bakar This is me

İsmail Balkan

Mürsel Güler

Publication Date January 1, 2018
Submission Date November 13, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 10 Issue: 18

Cite

APA Bakar, Ö., Balkan, İ., & Güler, M. (2018). Orta Gelirli Ülkelerde Hayat Sigortalarının Ekonomik Açıdan Değerlendirilmesi: Güney Afrika ve Türkiye Karşılaştırması. Finansal Araştırmalar Ve Çalışmalar Dergisi, 10(18), 20-36. https://doi.org/10.14784/marufacd.460641