Katılımcı Demokrasi ve Online Karar Alma Bağlamında E-Oy ve Estonya Örneği

Year 2019, Volume: 25 Issue: 2, 716 - 726, 27.12.2019

Bihterin Vural Dinçkol Alper Işık

https://doi.org/10.33433/maruhad.665428

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Teknolojide yaşanan dönüşüm, demokrasiyi ve onun kurumlarını da dönüştürmektedir. Özellikle katılımcı demokrasi bağlamında, teknoloji yurttaş katılımını sağlamanın aracı haline gelmiştir. Seçim uygulamaları, bu dönüşümün önemli bir yönünü temsil etmektedir. Dijital alanda son derece ilerlemiş bir ülke olan Estonya, karar alma konusunda dijital imkanları kullanarak e-oy kullanımını seçimlerde uygulamaya başlamıştır.

Keywords

E-Oy, Estonya, Dijital demokrasi, Katılımcı demokrasi, Online karar alma

References

• ALVAREZ, R. Michael/HALL, Thad E./TRECHSEL, Alexander H., “Internet Voting in Comparative Perspectives: The Case of Estonia”, PS, July, 2009.
• BUCHSTEIN, Hubertus, “Online Democracy, Is it Viable? Is it Desirable? Internet Voting and Normative Democratic Theory”, in, Electronic Voting and Democracy: A Comparative Analysis, Eds: Norbert KERSTING/Harald BALDERSHEIM, Palgrave Macmillan, New York, 2004.
• CAARLS, Susanne, E-Voting Handbook, Council of Europe Publishing, Strasbourg, 2010.
• COUTANT, Alexandre, “La révolution ne sera pas numérisée”, in, Internet et Politique, Coordonné par: Alexandre COUTANT, CNRS Editions, Paris, 2012.
• Digital Agenda 2020 for Estonia, Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications, 2013. General Framework of Electronic Voting and Implementation thereof at National Elections in Estonia, Tallinn, 2017.
• GIBSON, J. Paul /KRIMMER, Robert/TEAGUE, Vanessa/POMARES, Julia, “A Review of E-Voting: The Past, Present and Future” Annals of Telecommunications, Vol. 71, No. 7, 2016.
• GOOS, Kerstin/BECKERT, Bernd/LINDNER, Ralf, “Electronic, Internet-Based Voting”, in, Electronic Democracy in Europe, Ralf LINDNER/Georg AICHHOLZER/Leonhard HENNEN (Eds.), Springer International Publishing, 2016.
• KERSTING, Norbert/BALDERSHEIM, Harald, “Electronic Voting and Democratic Issues: An Introduction”, in, Electronic Voting and Democracy: A Comparative Analysis, Eds: Norbert KERSTING/Harald BALDERSHEIM, Palgrave Macmillan, New York, 2004.
• KRIMMER, Robert/DUENAS-CID, David/KRIVONOSOVA, Iuliia/VINKEL, Priit/ KOITMAE, Arne, “How Much Does an e-Vote Cost? Cost Comparison per Vote in Multichannel Elections in Estonia”, in, Electronic Voting, Third International Joint Conference, E-Vote-ID 2018 Bregenz, Austria, October 2–5, 2018 Proceedings, Eds: Robert KRIMMER/Melanie VOLKAMER/Véronique CORTIER/ Rajeev GORÉ/Manik HAPSARA/Uwe SERDÜLT/David DUENAS-CID, Springer Nature Switzerland, 2018.
• LAUKKONEN, Jeremy, “Which Countries Use Electronic Voting?” https://www.lifewire.com/whichcountries-use-electronic-voting-4174877 Erişim Tarihi: 04.04.2019.
• NURSE, Jason R.C. and Others, An Independent Assessment of the Procedural Components of the Estonian Internet Voting System, University of Oxford Cyber Studies Programme Working Paper Series No: 6, September 2016.
• PELLEGRINI, François, “Chaines de confiance et périmètre de certification en matière de vote electronique”, in, Le Vote Électronique, Ed: Gilles J. GUGLIELMI/Olivier IHL, LGDJ, Lextenso Éditions, Issy-lesMoulineaux, 2015.
• TÜRMEN, Rıza, “Ütopya Yazıları 2: Katılımcı Demokrasi”, T24 Haber Sitesi, 12 Temmuz 2018, https:// t24.com.tr/yazarlar/riza-turmen/utopya-yazilari-2-katilimci-demokrasi,20087 Erişim Tarihi: 03.06.2019.
• WEILL, Rivka, “Election integrity: the constitutionality of transitioning to electronic voting in comparative terms”, in, Digital Democracy in Globalized World, Edited by: Corien PRINS/Colette CUIJPERS/ Peter L. LINDSETH/Monica ROSINA, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2017. United Nations E-Government Survey, United Nations, New York, 2018.