Uluslararası İnsancıl Hukukun Zamansal Kapsamı (II): “Uluslararası Olmayan Silahlı Çatışmalarda” İnsancıl Hukukun Uygulanmaya Başlaması

Year 2022, Volume: 28 Issue: 1, 223 - 239, 30.06.2022

Hande Gür Meltem Sarıbeyoğlu Skalar

https://doi.org/10.33433/maruhad.1083038

Abstract

Uluslararası insancıl hukukun zamansal kapsamını saptamak bu kuralların çatışma süresince uygulanabilmesi açısından son derece önemlidir. Uluslararası olmayan silahlı çatışmalara ilişkin uluslararası insancıl hukuk kurallarının uygulanmaya başlama anının belirlenmesi, uluslararası silahlı çatışmalara ilişkin olarak belirlenmesinden çok daha zordur. Çünkü bir devletin ülkesi içinde meydana gelen şiddet durumunun uluslararası olmayan silahlı çatışma olarak sınıflandırılması ve uluslararası insancıl hukuk kurallarının bu çatışmalara ne zaman uygulanmaya başlayacağı konusu yoruma açıktır. Zira iç karışıklık ancak belli bir eşiğe ulaştığında uluslararası insancıl hukuk kuralları bu çatışmalara uygulanacağından, bunun tespiti her zaman kolay olmamaktadır. Bu makalede uluslararası nitelikte olmayan silahlı çatışmalara yönelik uluslararası insancıl hukuk kurallarının uygulanabilmesi açısından uluslararası olmayan silahlı çatışmanın başlangıç anının tespit edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır.

Keywords

Uluslararası İnsancıl Hukuk, Uluslararası Olmayan Silahlı Çatışma, Uluslararası Silahlı Çatışma, Cenevre Sözleşmeleri Ortak Madde 3, Cenevre Sözleşmelerine Ek Protokol II

The Temporal Scope of International Humanitarian Law (II): The Beginning Of Implementation Of International Humanitarian Law In "Non-International Armed Conflicts"

Abstract

Temporal scope of international humanitarian law is of crucial importance to determine exactly when this body of law starts to apply in an armed conflict. It is much more difficult to determine the starting point of application of humanitarian law regarding non-international armed conflicts than international armed conflicts. Thus, there is an ongoing debate on whether or not an internal disturbance can be classified as a non-international armed conflict and the fact that when humanitarian law begins to apply in these conflicts. When intensity of the internal disturbance exceeds a certain threshold, it is acknowledged that humanitarian law can be applied to these conflicts, however it is not always straightforward to identify where an internal disturbance ends and when a non-international armed conflict starts. Therefore, this article investigates when the rules of international humanitarian law begin to apply in case of non-international armed conflicts.

Keywords

International Humanitarian Law, Non-international Armed Conflict, International Armed Conflict, Common Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions, Additional Protocol II to the Geneva Conventions

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