Research Article
Tartrazine induced changes in physiological and biochemical parameters in Swiss albino mice, Mus musculus
Abstract
Now-a-days synthetic food dyes are being used most
commonly as food colorant in confectionaries, drugs and
cosmetics. Present study was designed to evaluate the toxic
effect of tartrazine, a widely used azo dye, on Swiss Albino mice.
Experimental animals were treated with tested dye at a dose
level 200mg/kg & 400mg/kg body weight along with normal
diet. Various physiological and biochemical parameters were
assessed to study the toxic effect of tartrazine. Our study
revealed a highly noticeable decrease in the body weight gain
of mice at 400mg/kg dose compared with the control group. A
significant variation in the average weight of the major organs
(heart, kidney and liver) was also observed. The average
weights of the heart and kidney were increased whereas the
average weight of liver was decreased significantly. Serum
triglyceride, creatinine and bilirubin levels were significantly
increased, in contrast cholesterol level was decreased in the
groups of mice treated with tartrazine
References
- 1. Saxena B, Sharma S. Serological changes induced by blend of sunset yellow, Metanil yellow and tartrazine in swiss albino rat, Rattus norvegicus. Toxicol Int 2014;21:65-8. 2. Himri I, Bellahcen S, Souna F, Belmekki F, Aziz M, Bnouham M, Zoheir J, Berkia Z, Mekhfi H, Saalaoui E. A 90-day oral toxicity study of Tartrazine, a synthetic food dye, in Wistar rats. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2011;3: 159-69. 3. Devlin J, David TJ. Tartrazine in atopic eczema. Arch Dis Child 1992; 67: 709-11. 4. Inomata N, Osuna H, Fujita H, Ogawa T, Ikezawa Z. Multiple chemical sensitivities following intolerance to azo dye in sweets in a 5-year-old girl. Allergol Int 2006;55:203-5. 5. Hannuksela M, Haahtela T. Food additive hypersensitivitynear myth. Duodecim 2009; 125:527-32. 6. Mpountoukas P, Pantazaki A, Kostareli E, Christodoulou P, Kareli D, Poliliou S. Cytogenetic evaluation and DNA interaction studies of the food colorants Amaranth, Erythrosine and Tartrazine. Food Chem Toxicol 2010;48: 2934-44. 7. Gao Y, Li C, Shen J, Yin H, An X, Jin H. Effect of food azo dye tartrazine on learning and memory functions in mice and rats, and the possible mechanisms involved. J Food Sci 2011;76:T125-9. 8. Rowe KS, Rowe KJ. Synthetic food coloring and behavior: A dose response effect in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, repeated measures study. J Pediat 1994;125:691-8. 9. Borzelleca, JF, Hallagan JB. Chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity studies of FD & C yellow nº 5(Tartrazine) in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 1988;26: 179‐87. 10. Maekawa A, Matsuoka C, Onodera H, Tanigawa H, Furuta K, Kanno J, Jang JJ, Hayashi Y, Ogiu T. Lack of Carcinogenecity of Tartrazine (FD & C YELLOW Nº 5) in the F344 Rat. Food Chem Toxicol 1987;25:891‐6. 11. Neshe SA, Arefin S, Hussain MS., Das A, Karmakar P, Hossain MS. Safety evaluation of chocolate brown dye in Swiss albino mice. J Nutr Disorders Ther 2016; 6:195. 12. Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives: Specifications for the identity and purity of food additives and their toxicological evaluation: Food colors and some antimicrobials and antioxidants (JECFA) 1965. 13. Poul M, Jarry G, Elhkim MO, Poul JM. Lack of genotoxic effect of food dyes amaranth, sunset yellow and tartrazine and their metabolites in the gut micronucleus assay in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2009;47:443-8. 14. Aboel‐Zahab H, El‐Khyat Z, Sidhom G, Awadallah R, Abdelal W, Mahdy K. Physiological effects of some food coloring additives on rats. Boll Chim Farm 1997;136:615-27. 15. Helal GE, Zaahkouk AM, Mekkaway AH. Effect of some food colorants (Synthetic and Natural Products) of young Albino rats. Egyptian J Hosp Med 2000;1:103-13. 16. Sharma G, Gautam D, Goyal RP. Tartrazine induced haematological and serological changes in female Swiss albino mice, Mus musculus. Pharmacologyonline 2009;3: 774-8. 17. Osman MA, Afifi A, Hussein RM, Kamilia B, Abdel Aziz I, Salah SH. Long-Term biochemical and genotoxicity studies of four synthetic food and drug colorants in mice. Bull Faculty Pharm (Cairo Univ.) 1995;1:13-21. 18. Mehedi N, Mokrane N, Alami O, Tabet SA, Zaoui C, Kheroua O, Saidi D. A thirteen week ad libitum administration toxicity study of tartrazine in Swiss mice. Afr J Biotechnol 2013;12: 4519-29. 19. Timbrell JA. Principles of biochemical toxicology, 4th edition. Informa Healthcare, New York. 2009. 20. Al-Shinnawy MS, Elkattan NA. Assessment of the changes in some diagnostic parameters in male albino rats fed on an azo yye. Int J Environ Sci Eng 2013; 4:85-90. 21. Amin KA, Abdel Hameid H, AbdElsttar AH. Effect of food azo dyes tartrazine and Carmoisine on biochemical parameters related to renal, hepatic function and oxidative stress biomarkers in young male rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2010;48:2994-9. 22. Breckenridge WC, Little JA, Alaupovic P, Wang CS, Kuksis A, Kakis G, Lindgren F, Gardiner G. Lipoprotein abnormalties associated with a familial deficiency of hepatic lipase. Atherosclerosis 1982; 45:161-79. 23. Connely PW, Maruire GF, Lee M, Little JA. Plasma lipoproteins in familial hepatic lipase deficiency. Arteriosclerosis 1990;10:40-8. 24. Dixit S, Purshottam SK, Khanna SK, Das M. Usage pattern and exposure assessment of food colours in different age groups of consumers in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2010;27:181-9.
Swiss albino farelerde-Mus musculus, tartrazin’in neden olduğu fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal parametrelerindeki değişiklikler
Abstract
Günümüzde sentetik gıda boyaları, şekerlemelerde, ilaçlarda ve
kozmetiklerde renklendirici olarak sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır.
Çalışmamızda, geniş kullanım alanı olan bir azo boyar maddetartrazin’in
Swiss albino farelerdeki toksik etkilerinin tespit
edilmesi hedeflendi. Normal diyetle beslenen laboratuvar
hayvanlarına tartrazin 200mg/kg ve 400mg/kg dozlarda
uygulandı. Tartrazin’in toksik etkisini incelemek için çeşitli
fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal parametreler değerlendirildi.
Çalışmamızda tartrazin’in 400 mg / kg dozunda uygulandığı
grupta yer alan farelerde kontrol grubuna kıyasla vücut ağırlığı
artışında belirgin bir düşüş olduğu tespit edildi.
Kalp, böbrek ve karaciğer gibi hayatî organların ortalama
ağırlığında önemli farklılıklar gözlendi. Kalbin ve böbreklerin
ortalama ağırlıkları artarken, karaciğerin ortalama ağırlığı
önemli derecede azaldığı tespit edildi. Tartrazin’in uygulandığı
grupta yer alan farelerde serum trigliserid, kreatinin ve bilirubin
düzeyleri anlamlı olarak artarken kolesterol düzeyinin azaldığı
tespit edildi.
References
- 1. Saxena B, Sharma S. Serological changes induced by blend of sunset yellow, Metanil yellow and tartrazine in swiss albino rat, Rattus norvegicus. Toxicol Int 2014;21:65-8. 2. Himri I, Bellahcen S, Souna F, Belmekki F, Aziz M, Bnouham M, Zoheir J, Berkia Z, Mekhfi H, Saalaoui E. A 90-day oral toxicity study of Tartrazine, a synthetic food dye, in Wistar rats. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2011;3: 159-69. 3. Devlin J, David TJ. Tartrazine in atopic eczema. Arch Dis Child 1992; 67: 709-11. 4. Inomata N, Osuna H, Fujita H, Ogawa T, Ikezawa Z. Multiple chemical sensitivities following intolerance to azo dye in sweets in a 5-year-old girl. Allergol Int 2006;55:203-5. 5. Hannuksela M, Haahtela T. Food additive hypersensitivitynear myth. Duodecim 2009; 125:527-32. 6. Mpountoukas P, Pantazaki A, Kostareli E, Christodoulou P, Kareli D, Poliliou S. Cytogenetic evaluation and DNA interaction studies of the food colorants Amaranth, Erythrosine and Tartrazine. Food Chem Toxicol 2010;48: 2934-44. 7. Gao Y, Li C, Shen J, Yin H, An X, Jin H. Effect of food azo dye tartrazine on learning and memory functions in mice and rats, and the possible mechanisms involved. J Food Sci 2011;76:T125-9. 8. Rowe KS, Rowe KJ. Synthetic food coloring and behavior: A dose response effect in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, repeated measures study. J Pediat 1994;125:691-8. 9. Borzelleca, JF, Hallagan JB. Chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity studies of FD & C yellow nº 5(Tartrazine) in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 1988;26: 179‐87. 10. Maekawa A, Matsuoka C, Onodera H, Tanigawa H, Furuta K, Kanno J, Jang JJ, Hayashi Y, Ogiu T. Lack of Carcinogenecity of Tartrazine (FD & C YELLOW Nº 5) in the F344 Rat. Food Chem Toxicol 1987;25:891‐6. 11. Neshe SA, Arefin S, Hussain MS., Das A, Karmakar P, Hossain MS. Safety evaluation of chocolate brown dye in Swiss albino mice. J Nutr Disorders Ther 2016; 6:195. 12. Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives: Specifications for the identity and purity of food additives and their toxicological evaluation: Food colors and some antimicrobials and antioxidants (JECFA) 1965. 13. Poul M, Jarry G, Elhkim MO, Poul JM. Lack of genotoxic effect of food dyes amaranth, sunset yellow and tartrazine and their metabolites in the gut micronucleus assay in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2009;47:443-8. 14. Aboel‐Zahab H, El‐Khyat Z, Sidhom G, Awadallah R, Abdelal W, Mahdy K. Physiological effects of some food coloring additives on rats. Boll Chim Farm 1997;136:615-27. 15. Helal GE, Zaahkouk AM, Mekkaway AH. Effect of some food colorants (Synthetic and Natural Products) of young Albino rats. Egyptian J Hosp Med 2000;1:103-13. 16. Sharma G, Gautam D, Goyal RP. Tartrazine induced haematological and serological changes in female Swiss albino mice, Mus musculus. Pharmacologyonline 2009;3: 774-8. 17. Osman MA, Afifi A, Hussein RM, Kamilia B, Abdel Aziz I, Salah SH. Long-Term biochemical and genotoxicity studies of four synthetic food and drug colorants in mice. Bull Faculty Pharm (Cairo Univ.) 1995;1:13-21. 18. Mehedi N, Mokrane N, Alami O, Tabet SA, Zaoui C, Kheroua O, Saidi D. A thirteen week ad libitum administration toxicity study of tartrazine in Swiss mice. Afr J Biotechnol 2013;12: 4519-29. 19. Timbrell JA. Principles of biochemical toxicology, 4th edition. Informa Healthcare, New York. 2009. 20. Al-Shinnawy MS, Elkattan NA. Assessment of the changes in some diagnostic parameters in male albino rats fed on an azo yye. Int J Environ Sci Eng 2013; 4:85-90. 21. Amin KA, Abdel Hameid H, AbdElsttar AH. Effect of food azo dyes tartrazine and Carmoisine on biochemical parameters related to renal, hepatic function and oxidative stress biomarkers in young male rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2010;48:2994-9. 22. Breckenridge WC, Little JA, Alaupovic P, Wang CS, Kuksis A, Kakis G, Lindgren F, Gardiner G. Lipoprotein abnormalties associated with a familial deficiency of hepatic lipase. Atherosclerosis 1982; 45:161-79. 23. Connely PW, Maruire GF, Lee M, Little JA. Plasma lipoproteins in familial hepatic lipase deficiency. Arteriosclerosis 1990;10:40-8. 24. Dixit S, Purshottam SK, Khanna SK, Das M. Usage pattern and exposure assessment of food colours in different age groups of consumers in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2010;27:181-9.
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Details
| Subjects | Health Care Administration |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 20, 2017 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2017 Volume: 21 Issue: 3 |