The Historical Evolution of Total War
Abstract
The practice of war has been transformed
dramatically due to the economic, political and social developments which
appeared sequentially since “the Age of Revolution,” as historian Eric
Hobsbawm’s expression. In addition to political formation which based on
nation-state conception boosted by 1789 French Revolution, economic and
technological developments thanks to the Industrial Revolution of 19th century
are milestones of history of civilisation. Technological facilities of the
Industrial Revolution increased the state power and its organisational capacity
as well as production tremendously. Since the end of the 19th century, while
the world was approaching a war because of antagonism derived from
imperialistic struggles. The state developed highly effective mechanisms to
employ the citizens for war efforts. As well as to control and actuate of economic
sources, to transform the citizens into soldiers through education and
propaganda are the basis of that effectiveness. Thereby, it emerged a new kind
of war practice that could mobilise all population and economical sources for
war effort. That practice was called
"Total War" and the best versions of that practice are the World
Wars, especially the second one. In
this article, the emergence of the concept and practice of Total War will be
analysed in a period from the French Revolutionary Wars which based on great
facilities of the Industrial Revolution, to the end of the Second World War.
Keywords
References
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Details
Primary Language
Turkish
Subjects
-
Journal Section
Research Article
Authors
Ersin Embel
This is me
Türkiye
Publication Date
March 15, 2016
Submission Date
March 15, 2016
Acceptance Date
-
Published in Issue
Year 2016 Volume: 4 Number: 1