Numerical Investigation of the Effects of Using Nanofluid on Thermal Performance and Flow Properties in a Gyroid Structure Heat Exchanger

Abstract

Recently, heat exchangers based on triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structures have attracted increasing interest in engineering applications due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, compact design, superior thermal performance, and the feasibility of manufacturing these complex geometries using additive manufacturing technologies. This study, the thermal performance and flow characteristics of a gyroid heat exchanger are numerically investigated using air-air and water-water based Al2O3 nanofluids as working fluids. Firstly, the numerical model for the air-air heat exchanger is validated against reference data from the literature for the hot fluid side, then thermal analysis was conducted for at different Recold numbers. As the Re increased, the heat transfer coefficient, heat transfer and Nusselt number increased. Subsequently, Al2O3 nanoparticles were added to the hot-side water base fluid at various volume concentrations (0%, 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%), and simulations were conducted under different Rehot-Recold combinations. It was observed that nanofluid concentration and Reynolds number affected the heat transfer coefficient, heat transfer rate, thermal efficiency and Nusselt number. In addition, a decrease in thermal efficiency was observed with the addition of 0-0.3% nanoparticles, followed by a slight increase between 0.3-0.5%. Studies examining the use of nanofluids in TPMS-gyroid structures are generally limited to heat sink applications; this study provides a contribution to the literature by investigating the effect of nanofluids in a compact cross-flow heat exchanger with simultaneous hot and cold fluid provided.

Keywords

• Triply periodic minimal surface
• Gyroid heat exchanger
• Heat Transfer
• Nanofluid

Gyroid Yapıda Bir Isı Eşanjöründe Nanoakışkan Kullanımının Isıl Performans ve Akış Özelliklerine Etkilerinin Sayısal Olarak İncelenmesi

Abstract

Geleneksel ısı eşanjörlerine kıyasla üçlü periyodik minimal yüzey yapıları kullanılarak tasarlanan ısı eşanjörleri sundukları yüksek yüzey/hacim alanı, kompakt yapıları, üstün ısıl performans kapasiteleri ve eklemeli imalat teknolojisi ile bu özgün yapıların üretilebilirliği nedenleriyle son yıllarda mühendislik uygulamaları için ilgi çekici hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada ÜPMY kafes tiplerinden biri olan gyroid yapıda ısı eşanjöründe çalışma akışkanları hava-hava ve su-su bazlı Al2O3 nanoakışkanı kullanıldığında ısıl performans ve akış özellikleri sayısal olarak incelenmiştir. İlk aşamada, hava-hava ısı eşanjörü için sayısal model referans literatür sıcak akışkan sonuçlarıyla doğrulanmış, ardından farklı Resoğ sayılarında ısıl analiz çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlar Reynolds sayısı arttıkça ısı transfer katsayısının, ısı transferinin ve Nusselt sayısının arttığını göstermiştir. İkinci aşamada, sıcak akışkan su temel akışkanına farklı hacim oranlarında (%0, %0,1, %0,3, %0,5) Al2O3 ilave edilmiş ve farklı Resıc-Resoğ kombinasyonlarında simülasyon çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Nanoakışkan konsantrasyonu ve Reynolds sayısının ısı transfer katsayısı, ısı transfer miktarı, termal verimlilik ve Nusselt sayısını etkilediği görülmüştür. Ayrıca termal verimlikte %0-0,3 nanopartikül ilavesinde azalma, bunu takiben %0,3-0,5 arasında bir miktar artış görülmüştür. ÜPMY-gyroid yapılar için nanoakışkan kullanımının incelendiği çalışmalar genellikle ısı alıcı uygulamalarıyla sınırlıdır; bu çalışma ise karşılıklı akışkan geçişinin sağlandığı çapraz akışkanlı kompakt bir ısı eşanjöründe nanoakışkan etkisini inceleyerek literatüre özgün bir katkı sağlamaktadır.

Keywords

• Üçlü periyodik minimal yüzey
• Gyroid ısı eşanjörü
• Isı transferi
• Nano akışkan

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