Terörizm ile Organize Suç Arasindaki İlişki; Büyüyen Bir Tehdit midir?

Öz

Terörizm ve organize suç yeni bir olgu değildir. Başlangıçta, bu ilişki göreceli olarak küçük ölçekli, geçici ve genellikle ülke sınırlarında aktif1 Rapporteur Judge of The Court of Jurissdictional Disputes, PhD Candidate, [e-mail], Soğuk Savaşın sona ermesinden sonra, ekonomik bakımından zayıf ve devlet otoritesinin yok olduğu toplumların sayılarının artması, teknoloji ve iletişim araçlarındaki gelişmeler bu ilişkinin yapısını değiştirmiştir. Terörizm ile Organize Suç grupları arasındaki bağ (rabıta) geniş ölçekli, ulusal ve uluslararası seviyeye dönüşmüştür. Artık günümüzde, Terörizm ve Organize suç grupları uluslararası anlamda önemli bir problem olarak ortaya çıkar. Bu yeni durum özellikle, 11 Eylül 2001 saldırılarından sonra daha görünür olmuştur. Organize Suç gruplarının ana amacı kazanç iken; “iş iştir” ilkesinden hareketle, terörist gruplar genellikle ideolojik amaçlı, fakat faaliyetlerini devam ettirmek için kaynağa ihtiyaç duymaktadırlar. Yasadışı faaliyetler, örneğin, uyuşturucu ticareti ve kaçakçılık kısa yoldan gelir elde etmenin kazançlı yollarından birkaçıdır. Bu durum her iki suç grubunun yakınlaşmasının en önemli sebebidir. Bu sebeple her iki grup işbirliği yapmaya başlamıştır. Karşılıklı teknik bilgi paylaşımı, eğitim, destekleme ve koruma faaliyetlerini gerçekleştirmek gelmektedir. Bu ilişki inanılmaz derecede büyük bir miktarda kara para ticaretini yaratmaktadır. Yukarıda bahsedildiği üzere, bazı kolaylaştırıcı faktörlerin de etkisiyle, terörizm ile organize suç örgütleri arasındaki bağ (rabıta) uluslararası barış ve düzeni etkileyecek şekilde büyüyen bir tehdit olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, farklı terörist ve organize suç örgütlerinden somut örnekler verilmek suretiyle, her iki grup arasındaki ilişkinin küresel güvenliği tehdit edecek boyutlara ulaştığının gözler önüne serilmesi hedeflenmektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Terörizm
• Organize Suç
• PKK
• Uyuşturucu Trafiği
• Yakınlaşma

THE NEXUS BETWEEN TERRORISM AND ORGANIZED CRIME; GROWING THREAT?

Abstract

Terrorism and organized crime are not new phenomenon. In the beginning, this nexus was relatively small-scale, temporarily and generally active within the national border. After the end of the Cold War, the increasing number of weak and failed states, improvements within the communication and technological world changed the nature of these relations. The nexus between terrorism and organized crime groups became large-scale, both at the national and international level. Today terrorism and organized crime groups are an important international challenge. This new reality became more apparent after 9/11 of 2001. The main aim of the organized crime groups is profit oriented; “business is business”. Terrorism’s goal is generally ideological, but also it needs to resources in order to sustain its activities. Illegal activities such as; drug trafficking, drug smuggling, are the lucrative way to gain more profit in short-run. This situation is one of the main reasons of the convergence of both groups. Both groups try to cooperate with each other. They change “know-how”, train, support and protect each other. This relation created a huge amount of black/grey market profit. As mentioned above, due to the some facilitating factors, the nexus between terrorism and organized crime groups is a growing threat for international peace and stability. In the light of tangible examples in different terrorist and organized crime groups, this paper tries to indicate that there is cooperation and relationship between two groups and it develops into a global security threat.

Keywords

• Terrorism
• organized crime
• PKK
• drug trafficking
• convergence

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