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A Multifaceted Interpretation of a Viral Religious Performance in Digital Media: The Hymn “Pilgrims at the Kaaba Say ‘Hû’ to Allah”
Abstract
The aim of this study is to conduct a multifaceted analysis of the case of the “Pilgrims at the Kaaba Say ‘Hû Der Allah’” hymn, which went viral on social media in Türkiye in February 2026 and sparked widespread public debate. The theoretical framework of the study is based on Hall’s coding/decoding, counter-agenda setting, Cohen’s moral panic, Hjarvard’s mediatization, and Noelle-Neumann’s spiral of silence theories. Conducted using a qualitative research design, the study employed the case study method. The research data were collected through document analysis from publicly available digital and written sources and were analyzed using thematic analysis, one of the content analysis methods. The findings indicate that the hymn is interpreted by different social groups through dominant, oppositional, and conciliatory readings; that it triggers a moral panic process by spreading from digital platforms to traditional media and politics; that it becomes commercialized through mediatization and thus transforms into political symbolic capital; and that critical voices fall into a spiral of silence. In conclusion, it can be argued that in the digital age, viral content sheds its initial innocence and is transformed—or transformed into—a tool of struggle where the production of power and meaning operates directly across political, cultural, economic, and ideological spheres.
Keywords
References
- A Haber. (February 25, 2026). Başkan Recep Tayyip Erdoğan “Kabe’de Hacılar” ilahisi hakkında konuştu: Gerçek Türkiye fotoğrafı. (President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan spoke about the hymn “Pilgrims at the Kaaba”: A true picture of Türkiye). A Haber. https://www.ahaber.com.tr/ozel-haberler/2026/02/25/baskan-recep-tayyip-erdogan-kabede-hacilar-ilahisi-hakkinda-konustu-gercek-turkiye-fotografi
- AK Parti. (February 25, 2026). Cumhurbaşkanı ve AK Parti Genel Başkanı Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, AK Parti TBMM Grup Toplantısı’nda konuştu. (President and AK Parti Chairman Recep Tayyip Erdoğan spoke at the AK Parti Grand National Assembly Group Meeting). AK PARTİ. https://www.akparti.org.tr/haberler
- Bianet. (February 27, 2026). Teneffüs zilinin ilahi olmasını eleştiren veli serbest bırakıldı. (Parent who criticized the use of religious music during recess released). Bianet. https://bianet.org/haber/teneffus-zilinin-ilahi-olmasini-elestiren-veli-serbest-birakildi-317148
- Birgün. (February 26, 2026). Kâbe ilahicisinin Menzil tarikatı bağlantısı ortaya çıktı. (Connection between the Kaaba hymn writer and the Menzil sect revealed). Birgün. https://www.birgun.net/
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Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
Communication and Media Studies (Other)
Journal Section
Research Article
Publication Date
June 30, 2026
Submission Date
April 3, 2026
Acceptance Date
June 19, 2026
Published in Issue
Year 2026 Volume: 9 Number: 1
APA
Ceylan, F., & Yılmaz, D. (2026). A Multifaceted Interpretation of a Viral Religious Performance in Digital Media: The Hymn “Pilgrims at the Kaaba Say ‘Hû’ to Allah”. Journal of Media and Religion Studies, 9(1), 431-456. https://doi.org/10.47951/mediad.1922412
AMA
1.Ceylan F, Yılmaz D. A Multifaceted Interpretation of a Viral Religious Performance in Digital Media: The Hymn “Pilgrims at the Kaaba Say ‘Hû’ to Allah.” Journal of Media and Religion Studies. 2026;9(1):431-456. doi:10.47951/mediad.1922412
Chicago
Ceylan, Fatih, and Dursun Yılmaz. 2026. “A Multifaceted Interpretation of a Viral Religious Performance in Digital Media: The Hymn ‘Pilgrims at the Kaaba Say ‘Hû’ to Allah’”. Journal of Media and Religion Studies 9 (1): 431-56. https://doi.org/10.47951/mediad.1922412.
EndNote
Ceylan F, Yılmaz D (June 1, 2026) A Multifaceted Interpretation of a Viral Religious Performance in Digital Media: The Hymn “Pilgrims at the Kaaba Say ‘Hû’ to Allah”. Journal of Media and Religion Studies 9 1 431–456.
IEEE
[1]F. Ceylan and D. Yılmaz, “A Multifaceted Interpretation of a Viral Religious Performance in Digital Media: The Hymn ‘Pilgrims at the Kaaba Say ‘Hû’ to Allah’”, Journal of Media and Religion Studies, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 431–456, June 2026, doi: 10.47951/mediad.1922412.
ISNAD
Ceylan, Fatih - Yılmaz, Dursun. “A Multifaceted Interpretation of a Viral Religious Performance in Digital Media: The Hymn ‘Pilgrims at the Kaaba Say ‘Hû’ to Allah’”. Journal of Media and Religion Studies 9/1 (June 1, 2026): 431-456. https://doi.org/10.47951/mediad.1922412.
JAMA
1.Ceylan F, Yılmaz D. A Multifaceted Interpretation of a Viral Religious Performance in Digital Media: The Hymn “Pilgrims at the Kaaba Say ‘Hû’ to Allah”. Journal of Media and Religion Studies. 2026;9:431–456.
MLA
Ceylan, Fatih, and Dursun Yılmaz. “A Multifaceted Interpretation of a Viral Religious Performance in Digital Media: The Hymn ‘Pilgrims at the Kaaba Say ‘Hû’ to Allah’”. Journal of Media and Religion Studies, vol. 9, no. 1, June 2026, pp. 431-56, doi:10.47951/mediad.1922412.
Vancouver
1.Fatih Ceylan, Dursun Yılmaz. A Multifaceted Interpretation of a Viral Religious Performance in Digital Media: The Hymn “Pilgrims at the Kaaba Say ‘Hû’ to Allah”. Journal of Media and Religion Studies. 2026 Jun. 1;9(1):431-56. doi:10.47951/mediad.1922412
