Morphological and physiological variation in drought tolerance of wheat landraces originated from southeast Türkiye

Year 2022, , 91 - 95, 02.08.2022

Kübra Budak , Hüsnü Aktaş , Sertan Çevik

https://doi.org/10.29136/mediterranean.1085160

Abstract

Drought stress, which is the most important abiotic stress factor affecting arable land in the world, causes serious crop losses. These crop losses reach up to 70% in some agricultural plants. Understanding the complex drought stress response is very important to develop a strategy against this form of stress. Although some progress has been achieved with the previous studies, the desired targets have not been reached up to now. Therefore, using resistant varieties in environmental conditions has become a widely used strategy in combating drought stress today. In this study, a total of 23 cultivars (16-landraces and 7 modern wheat cultivars) were used. The aim of this study was to reveal the drought tolerance degrees of 16 landraces by comparing them to 7 modern wheat cultivars. For this purpose, 23 cultivars were exposed to drought stress for seven days by withholding watering. After that, stem length, MDA and proline content of cultivars were determined and compared. According to our results, MDA and proline contents of sensitive modern cultivars were found to be high, while tolerant cultivars were found to be low. It has also been determined that some of the landraces exhibit a similar profile to the cultivars known to be tolerant. Among these cultivars, especially 88, 90 and 108 cultivars have low MDA and proline content under stress, which may indicate that these cultivars are potentially drought tolerant.

Keywords

Drought stress, Wheat, Drought tolerance, Lipid peroxidation, Proline content

References

• Ahmed M, Qadir G, Shaheen FA, Aslam MA (2017) Response of proline accumulation in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under rainfed conditions. Journal of Agricultural Meteorology D-14.
• Aktaş H, Karaman M, Erdemci I, Kendal E, Tekdal S, Kılıç H (2017) Comparasion Grain Yield and Quality Traits of Synthetic and Modern Wheat Genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) International Journal of Agriculture and Wildlife Science 3(1): 25-32.
• Aktaş H, Özberk F, Oral E, Baloch FS, Doğan S, Kahraman M, Cığ F (2018) Potential and Sustainable Conservation of Wheat Genetic Resources of Southeast Anatolia Region. Journal of Bahri Dagdas Crop Research 7(2): 47-54.
• Amoah JN, Ko CS, Yoon JS, Weon SY (2019) Effect of drought acclimation on oxidative stress and transcript expression in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal of Plant Interactions 14(1): 492-505.
• Arteaga S, Yabor L, Díez MJ, Prohens J, Boscaiu M, Vicente O (2020) The use of proline in screening for tolerance to drought and salinity in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes. Agronomy 10(6): 817.
• Bates LS, Waldren RP, Teare ID (1973) Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant Soil 39: 205-207.
• Borlaug NE (2007) Sixty-two years of fighting hunger: personal recollections. Euphytica 157: 287-297.
• Chapman HD, Pratt PF (1978) Methods of Analysis for Soils, Plants and Waters. Division of Agricultural Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, USA., pp: 3043.
• Chun SC, Paramasivan M, Chandrasekaran M (2018) Proline accumulation influenced by osmotic stress in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiotic plants. Frontiers in Microbiology 9: 2525.
• Dien DC, Mochizuki T, Yamakawa T (2019) Effect of various drought stresses and subsequent recovery on proline, total soluble sugar and starch metabolisms in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties. Plant Production Science 22(4): 530-545.
• Dixon J, Braun HJ, Kosina P, Crouch JH (Eds.) (2009) Wheat facts and futures, CIMMYT, Mexico.
• Duangpan S, Sujitto S, Eksomtramage T (2007) Genotypic variation in proline accumulation during sequential drought and rewatering in response to drought preconditioning. International Journal of Agricultural Technology 13: 927-940.
• Ergen NZ, Thimmapuram J, Bohnert HJ, Budak H (2009) Transcriptome pathways unique to dehydration tolerant relatives of modern wheat. Functional & Integrative Genomics 9(3): 377-396.
• Gawel S, Wardas M, Niedworok E, Wardas P (2004) Malondialdehyde (MDA) as a lipid peroxidation marker. Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland: 1960) 57(9-10): 453-455.
• GENSTAT (2009) GenStat for Windows (12th Edition) Introduction. VSN International, Hemel Hempstead.
• Gökgöl M (1939) Türkiye’nin Buğdayları V. II. İstanbul. Tarım Bakanlığı, İstanbul Yeşilköy Tohum Islah İstasyonu Yayını 14: 955.
• Johari-Pireivatlou M (2010) Effect of soil water stress on yield and proline content of four wheat lines. African Journal of Biotechnology 9(1): 36-40.
• Khaleghi A, Naderi R, Brunetti C, Maserti BE, Salami SA, Babalar M (2019) Morphological, physiochemical and antioxidant responses of Maclura pomifera to drought stress. Scientific Reports 9(1): 1-12.
• Kiran S, Kuşvuran Ş, Özkay F, Ellialtioglu Ş (2019) Change in physiological and biochemical parameters under drought stress in salt-tolerant and salt-susceptible eggplant genotypes. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 43(6): 593-602.
• Ma J, Du G, Li X, Zhang C, Guo J (2015) A major locus controlling malondialdehyde content under water stress is associated with Fusarium crown rot resistance in wheat. Molecular Genetics and Genomics 290(5): 1955-1962.
• Marček T, Hamow KÁ, Végh B, Janda T, Darko E (2019) Metabolic response to drought in six winter wheat genotypes. PloS One 14(2): e0212411.
• Mehmood S, Ahmed W, Ikram M, Imtiaz M, Mahmood S, Tu S, Chen D (2020) Chitosan modified biochar increases soybean (Glycine max L.) resistance to salt-stress by augmenting root morphology, antioxidant defense mechanisms and the expression of stress-responsive genes. Plants 9(9):1173.
• Mihaljević I, Viljevac Vuletić M, Šimić D, Tomaš V, Horvat D, Josipović M, Vuković D (2021) Comparative study of drought stress effects on traditional and modern apple cultivars. Plants 10(3): 561.
• Mir RR, Zaman-Allah M, Sreenivasulu N, Trethowan R, Varshney RK (2012) Integrated genomics, physiology and breeding approaches for improving drought tolerance in crops. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 125: 625-645.
• Morales, M., and Munné-Bosch, S. 2019. Malondialdehyde: facts and artifacts. Plant physiology 180(3): 1246-1250.
• Mwadzingeni L, Shimelis H, Tesfay S, Tsilo TJ (2016) Screening of bread wheat genotypes for drought tolerance using phenotypic and proline analyses. Frontiers in Plant Science 7: 1276.
• Mwenye OJ, Van Rensburg L, Van Biljon A, Van der Merwe R (2018) Seedling Shoot and Root Growth Responses among Soybean (Glycine max) Genotypes to Drought Stress. In Soybean-Biomass, Yield and Productivity. IntechOpen.
• Nevo E, Korol AB, Beiles A, Fahima T (2002) Evolution of wild emmer and wheat improvement: population genetics, Genetic Resources and Genome Organization of Wheat's Pro genitor, Triticum dicoccoides, Springer Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 364.
• Ohkawa H, Ohishi N, Yagi K (1979) Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Analytical Biochemistry 95: 351-358.
• Özkan H, Willcox G, Graner A, Salamini F, Kilian B (2011) Geographic distribution and domestication of wildemmer wheat (Triticum dococcoides). Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 58: 11-53.
• Pandey HC, Baig MJ, Chandra A, Bhatt RK (2010) Drought stress induced changes in lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system in genus Avena. Journal of Environmental Biology 31(4): 435-440.
• Polania J, Rao IM, Cajiao C, Grajales M, Rivera M, Velasquez F, Beebe SE (2017) Shoot and root traits contribute to drought resistance in recombinant inbred lines of MD 23-24× SEA 5 of common bean. Frontiers in Plant Science 8: 296.
• Praba ML, Cairns JE, Babu RC, Lafitte HR (2009). Identification of physiological traits underlying cultivar differences in drought tolerance in rice and wheat. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 195: 373-382.
• Rauf S, Sadaqat HA (2007) Effects of varied water regimes on root length, dry matter partitioning and endogenous plant growth regulators in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Journal of Plant Interactions 2(1): 41-51.
• Sinclair TR, Zwieniecki MA, Holbrook NM (2008) Low leaf hydraulic conductance associated with drought tolerance in soybean. Physiologiae Plantarum 132: 446-451.
• Solanki JK, Sarangi SK (2014) Effect of drought stress on proline accumulation in peanut genotypes. International Journal of Advanced Research 2(10): 301-309.
• Sultan M, Hui L, Yang LJ, Xian Z H (2012) Assessment of drought tolerance of some Triticum L. species through physiological indices. Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 48(4): 178-184.
• Tester M, Langridge P (2010) Breeding technologies to increase crop production in a changing world. Science 327: 818-822.
• Toker C, Lluch C, Tejera NA, Serraj R, Siddique KHM (2007) Abiotic stresses. In: Chickpea Breeding and Management (eds Yadav SS, Redden B, Chen W, Sharma B), CAB Int. Wallingford, UK, pp: 474-496.
• Tuberosa R, Salvi S (2006) Genomics-based approaches to improve drought tolerance of crops. Trends in Plant Science 11: 405-412.
• Yang S, Deng X (2015) Effects of drought stress on antioxidant enzymes in seedlings of different wheat genotypes. Pak. J. Bot, 47(1): 49-56.
• Yildizli A, Çevik S, Ünyayar S (2018) Effects of exogenous myo-inositol on leaf water status and oxidative stress of Capsicum annuum under drought stress. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 40(6): 1-10.